scholarly journals A critical review of qualitative research into the experiences of young adults leaving foster care services

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Parry ◽  
Stephen Weatherhead
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Aging Out ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Client Group ◽  
Personal Experiences

Purpose – Due to the emergence of rich personal narratives within recent research, the purpose of this paper is to review and to explore the experience of transition from care and consider how these accounts can inform care services. Design/methodology/approach – This meta-synthesis follows from several quantitative and mixed method reviews examining how young people experience aging out of the care system. Findings – Three themes emerged from an inductive analysis: navigation and resilience – an interrelated process; the psychological impact of survival; and complex relationship. Research limitations/implications – The findings of a meta-synthesis should not be over generalised and are at least partially influenced by the author's epistemological assumptions (Dixon-Woods et al., 2006). However, a synthesis of this topic has the potential to provide greater insight into how transition can be experienced through the reconceptualising of the personal experiences across the studies reviewed (Erwin et al., 2011). Practical implications – This synthesis discusses the themes; their relationship to existing research and policies, and suggestions for further exploration. The experience of transition is considered critically in terms of its often traumatic nature for the young person aging out of care but also the ways in which the experience itself can build essential resiliencies. Social implications – Reflections for clinical practice are discussed with importance placed upon systemic working, accommodating likely challenges and considering appropriate therapeutic approaches for the client group and their systems. Originality/value – No review thus far has qualitatively examined the narratives told by the young people emerging from care and how these narratives have been interpreted by the researchers who sought them (Hyde and Kammerer, 2009).

scholarly journals Psychological Adjustment in Apert Syndrome: Parent and Young Person Perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110698
Author(s):  
Jennifer Netherton ◽  
Jo Horton ◽  
Nicola M Stock ◽  
Rachel Shaw ◽  
Peter Noons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Young People ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Apert Syndrome ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Additional Support

To date, limited research has been carried out into the psychological impact of having a diagnosis of Apert syndrome (AS) and the life experiences of families living with this condition. The aim of the current study was to explore psychological adjustment to AS from the perspectives of young people, and their parents, with the broader goal of informing care, and support for this population. Four young people (2 male) aged 11 to 15 years and their mothers were interviewed in their homes using a semistructured interview guide and photo-elicitation methods. Transcripts were analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Three superordinate themes were identified from the data: (1) Acceptance and Adjustment: A Cyclical Journey; (2) A Barrier to Adjustment: Navigating Treatment; and (3) Facilitating Adjustment: Social Support. Families described adjustment as a cyclical process, which was sensitive to change, particularly in the context of ongoing medical treatment. Families also utilized many resources, particularly in the form of social support, to adjust to the challenges of AS and build resilience. The findings of this study have important implications for the implementation of patient-centered care within designated craniofacial treatment centers, which should at a minimum include the provision of reliable information throughout the treatment pathway, additional support from health professionals at key times of transition, and the coordination of support across medical teams, and other key organizations in the child's life.

Radical reform and reforming radicals in Australian schooling

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve Mayes
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Attorney General ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Radical Reform ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Radical Education

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider historical shifts in the mobilisation of the concept of radical in relation to Australian schooling. Design/methodology/approach Two texts composed at two distinct points in a 40-year period in Australia relating to radicalism and education are strategically juxtaposed. These texts are: the first issue of the Radical Education Dossier (RED, 1976), and the Attorney General Department’s publication Preventing Violent Extremism and Radicalisation in Australia (PVERA, 2015). The analysis of the term radical in these texts is influenced by Raymond Williams’s examination of particular keywords in their historical and contemporary contexts. Findings Across these two texts, radical is deployed as adjective for a process of interrogating structured inequalities of the economy and employment, and as individualised noun attached to the “vulnerable” young person. Social implications Reading the first issue of RED alongside the PVERA text suggests the consequences of the reconstitution of the role of schools, teachers and the re-positioning of certain young people as “vulnerable”. The juxtaposition of these two texts surfaces contemporary patterns of the therapeutisation of political concerns. Originality/value A methodological contribution is offered to historical sociological analyses of shifts and continuities of the role of the school in relation to society.

About sad legacies: a study of the intergenerational occupational legacy in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magno Rogério Gomes ◽  
Marina Silva da Cunha ◽  
Solange de Cássia Inforzato de Souza ◽  
Paulo Jorge Reis Mourão
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Person Following ◽  
Average Probability ◽  
Wage Equations

PurposeThis article aims to analyze the workers' probabilities of following their parents’ occupational legacy and whether these individuals are paid differently compared to those who opted for occupations different from their parents, in Brazil.Design/methodology/approachTo that end, the occupational legacy probability equation was estimated as the quantile wage equations with sample selection bias correction and the wage decomposition for Brazil from the microdata of the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) of 2014. It was found that families have a strong influence on the process of choosing the careers of their children. The average probability of a young person following the occupational legacy of their parents was 41.63%. This percentage is different when analyzing different groups of individuals, such as being male or female, being in a traditional or single parent family, being in an income household lower or higher per capita.FindingsThe results also confirm the hypothesis that workers who tend to follow the occupational legacy have lower wages than individuals who choose other occupations and that this may cause a “poverty trap” since the lower the salary quantile, the stronger the “trap” as economically disadvantaged young people tend to follow in their parents' footsteps and to contribute to family income they face a tradeoff, opt between work or study, which ends up disrupting their education and forcing young people to entering the job market early, performing secondary occupations with lower income and arduous work, generating a “vicious cycle of poverty”.Research limitations/implicationsGiven the database, we are comprised to its most recent version.Practical implicationsThis is the first work on Latin American problem of occupational legacy.Originality/valueThis is the first work on Latin American problem of occupational legacy.

Working with adolescents who display sexually harmful behaviour

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-203
Author(s):  
Helena Russell ◽  
Joel Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Self ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Client Group ◽  
Positive Attitudes

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the psychosocial experience of staff in a UK youth offending team (YOT) who work with adolescents displaying sexually harmful behaviour (SHB). Design/methodology/approach Eight participants were questioned by means of a semi-structured interview schedule about their experiences of working with adolescents displaying SHB. Subsequent data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Findings Three superordinate themes were identified: client-focused; challenges within the role; and looking after the self. Staff appreciate the factors contributing to SHB and they experience challenges within their role, but are also aware of the importance of maintaining their own well-being. They demonstrate positive attitudes towards young people displaying SHB, whilst contending with the challenge of misconceptions within society. When addressing the self, YOT practitioners are able to adopt both individual and group methods of coping with the nature of the work. Research limitations/implications The participant group could have included a wider range of disciplines as the YOT is a multi-agency service. A further study exploring staff from different professional backgrounds would be of value. Practical implications The findings will be valuable for both practitioners and policy makers working in the field of youth justice as they offer a unique insight into the role of youth justice staff and the complexities within their role when working with a group of young people often vulnerable to poor outcomes. It is important for practitioners and managers to be able to reflect on the challenges in the role in order for clinical supervision to be emphasised when working with this client group. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge this is the first study to provide an in-depth exploration of the experience of UK YOT officers working with adolescents who have displayed SHB.

Citizens in the Present

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de los Angeles Torres ◽  
Irene Rizzini ◽  
Norma Del Rio
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Youth Civic Engagement ◽  
Public Issues ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
People’S Attitudes

Although media coverage often portrays young people in urban areas as politically apathetic or disruptive, this book provides an antidote to such views through narratives of dedicated youth civic engagement and leadership in Chicago, Mexico City, and Rio de Janeiro. This innovative comparative study provides nuanced accounts of the personal experiences of young people who care deeply about their communities and are actively engaged in a variety of public issues. Drawing from extensive interviews and personal narratives from the youth activists themselves, this book provides a vibrant portrait of a new, politically involved generation. The book examines youth civic engagement in Chicago, with particular emphasis on young people's attitudes regarding democracy. It considers the context of young people's civic engagement in Brazil, and the demographics of youth activists in Rio, the activities and organizations they are involved in, and their motivations for engagement. It also examines new paradigms of civic participation among Mexico City's youth.

Good idea, bad prerequisite, zero result – the meaning of context in implementing aftercare for young people in secure unit care

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Andersson Vogel ◽  
Marie Sallnäs ◽  
Tommy Lundström
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Young People ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Project ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Secure Unit

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to report results from a quasi-experimental study of outcomes of a leaving care project for youth placed in secure unit care and second, based on the (zero) results, to analyse and discuss the interplay between organisational boundaries, social work and the target group when implementing a project such as the one studied. Design/methodology/approach – The outcome study had a quasi-experimental design. The young people in the leaving care programme were compared with a matched reference group who did not get the special leaving care services. Data were collected (structured Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis-interviews) when the young people entered secure units and on follow-up (registered crime and re-entry into care). Findings – The outcome study showed that the leaving care project had no effect on the young people's situation at follow-up regarding re-offending and re-entry into secure unit care. This is understood and discussed in relation to the poor implementation of the leaving care project along with an inbuilt conflict between state and local municipality that overshadowed the good intentions of the project. Research limitations/implications – The effect study has a quasi-experimental design, and hence differences between the project group and the comparison group at T1 cannot be fully precluded, although nothing is pointing in such a direction. The unclear content of the intervention makes it difficult to decode how the variation in the support given to the young people eventually impacted the results. The zero-results apply to group level, but that may not be valid for each and every one in the project. Practical implications – According to earlier research, a key person following young persons through different phases of the care trajectory may be of importance. Learning from the CoC project, one can conclude that such a key person should preferably take the role of advocate for the young person, and not be an administrator mainly concerned with coordinating other professionals. Further, when planning and financing is split between organisations, that split hinders efforts to actually mobilise support for young people leaving secure unit care. Originality/value – Few leaving care services are designed for youth with severe behavioural problems and hence, the research is scarce. This study contributes with important knowledge about leaving care interventions for the target group.

The AMBIT approach: working with hard to reach youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Fuggle ◽  
Dickon Bevington ◽  
Fiona Duffy ◽  
Liz Cracknell
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Clinical Skill ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Integrative Therapy ◽  
Client Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Family Breakdown ◽  
Case Vignettes ◽  
Approach Working ◽  
High Level

Purpose – MBIT is a manualised mentalization-based approach to working with hard to reach young people at risk of a wide range of life adversities including severe mental illness, substance misuse, family breakdown, school exclusion, offending and homelessness. The on-line manual (www.tiddlymanuals.com) describes how Adolescent Mentalization-Based Integrative Therapy (AMBIT) is a systemic intervention requiring attention to four different domains of intervention simultaneously; much emphasis is placed on the support systems for workers to maintain this balance in what are often chaotic working conditions. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how these four main components of the AMBIT approach link together in actual clinical practice. Design/methodology/approach – The authors illustrate the core techniques of the AMBIT approach, namely, “working with your client”, “working with your team”, “ working with your network” and “learning as a team” with a series of case vignettes, demonstrating the inter-relationship of these components rather than seeing them as separate strands. Findings – A range of mentalization-based techniques such as “thinking together”, mentalized formulation, “disintegration grids” and web-based manualising are described and illustrated in relation to a series of case vignettes in order to address barriers to effective practice. The vignettes emphasise how these components must be linked together and held in balance, and how easily they become disconnected in working with young people’s ambivalent or even hostile relationships to help. Practical implications – First, developing a shared, mentalized formulation of a young person’s difficulties is an important aspect of working with highly troubled young people. Second, mentalizing is a relational process and is easily disrupted, for both workers and young people, by raised anxiety and affect, a common feature of working with this client group. AMBIT provides specific methods, for example, “thinking together” for supporting the mentalizing of individual workers in their team in an explicit way. Third, workers from different agencies may often find it difficult to make sense of each other’s behaviour and decision making. AMBIT proposes the use of a mentalizing approach to this difficulty using a technique called a disintegration grid. Finally, AMBIT proposes a new practitioner focused approach to manualising as a method by which a team can become more explicit about its methods of working in order to support systematic practice and evaluate outcomes. Originality/value – The innovative AMBIT approach proposes that clinicians need to attend to team and network relationships at least as much as their relationship with the client, in addition to adopting a stance of learning as a team from their casework. A high level of clinical skill is needed to support a team to achieve this balanced approach to casework. This work is of interest to all multi-disciplinary teams working with hard to reach young people.

scholarly journals Proactive responses to delinquent behaviours in out-of-home care

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Stephen Larmar ◽  
Julie Clark
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Challenging Behaviours

The transition from childhood to young adulthood is often associated with a range of challenges that can be overwhelming for a young person. For young people in out-of-home care, complex histories that may include traumatic personal experiences can make this transition even more problematic, both for the young person and their carers. This is the final paper in a series of four which has focussed on a range of challenging behaviours in children and young people in out-of-home care. This paper examines delinquency and its associated effects on young people and carers and outlines specific considerations for carers and other health professionals in responding appropriately to delinquent behaviours in young people.

scholarly journals A retrospective case note review of young people in transition from adolescent medium secure units to adult services

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Maria Iakovina Livanou ◽  
Rebecca Lane ◽  
Sophie D'Souza ◽  
Swaran P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Case Note ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adult Services ◽  
Clinical Background ◽  
Transition Times ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Problems ◽  
Case Note Review

Purpose There is substantial evidence that young people moving from child and adolescent mental health services to adult services are more likely to experience poor transitions. However, little is known about the care pathways of young people transitioning from forensic services. This retrospective case note review sought to examine the clinical characteristics, transition pathways and psychosocial indicators of transition outcomes amongst young people in forensic medium secure services discharged to adult services. Design/methodology/approach The electronic records of 32 young people, who transitioned from six adolescent medium secure units in England to adult services between May 2015 and June 2016, were examined. Findings Approximately 65% of young people were between 18 and 19 years at the time of transition and the average waiting time from referral to discharge was six months. A total of 63% young people transitioned to community placements and adult medium secure services. Four pathways describing the journey into and out of adolescent medium secure services were identified in a subsample of 12 young people. A total of 25% young people with neurodevelopmental problems moved to specialist services. Practical implications The results suggest that diagnosis, severity of offence and clinical background are associated with transition pathway. Promoting a person-centred approach and gradual independence of the young person may improve current practice. Originality/value These results inform existing policy and clinical practice in an effort to reform transition guidelines around young people’s needs during transition times. Further studies in adolescent forensic services are needed to understand complex neurodevelopmental problems and comorbidities.

Commentary on “The Ealing Intensive Therapeutic and Short Breaks Service: an update five years on”

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Joann Kiernan
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Young People ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Ways Of Working ◽  
Client Group

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the needs of children and young people with an intellectual disability and behaviours described as challenging in light of the article “The Ealing Intensive Therapeutic and Short Breaks service: An Update Five Years On”. Design/methodology/approach Contemporary literature associated with the provision of support to children and young people with an intellectual disability and behaviours described as challenging is considered. Some of the recent challenges associated with the provision of effective and timely support in light of current research, policy and practice are highlighted. Findings The Ealing service’s continued success is discussed within the context of new ways of working required to meet the needs of the client group and their families/carers. Originality/value The commentary reinforces the need to evolve service models that can provide specialist, timely and intensive support. The importance of early intervention is highlighted.

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