Functional vs relational benefits: what matters most in affinity marketing?

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Koritos ◽  
Konstantinos Koronios ◽  
Vlasis Stathakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relational Benefits ◽  
Affinity Marketing

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to classify and compare the importance of the benefits consumers derive from affinity credit card programmes. Design/methodology/approach – A random sample of affinity credit card holders of a major Greek athletic club (AC) was surveyed and a multi-group structural equation model was run to assess the hypothesised relationships among the study constructs. Findings – Overall, the relational benefits of affinity credit cards outperform the functional ones. However, this finding depends on the number of additional credit cards held by affinity credit card holders. Originality/value – The study is the first one to test formally the viability of a core services marketing theory (relational benefits) within the affinity marketing field as a means of explaining consumer behaviour within such a context.

scholarly journals Credit card cue effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-383
Author(s):  
King Yin Wong ◽  
Michael Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Consumer Spending ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Show Evidence

Purpose The extant literature has mixed results regarding the credit card cue effect. Some showed that credit card cues stimulate spending, whereas others were unable to replicate the findings or found that cues discourage consumer spending. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how consumers’ sensitivity to the pain of payment affects their mental associations about credit cards and how the differences in credit card associations moderate the credit card cue effect on spending, providing a possible explanation for the mixed results in the literature. Furthermore, this paper examines the role of consumers’ perceived financial well-being, measured by their perceptions of current and future wealth and their sense of financial security, in mediating this moderation effect. Design/methodology/approach An experimental study was conducted with a sample of 337 participants to test the hypothesized model. Findings After being shown credit card cues, spendthrift participants had more spending-related thoughts and less debt-related thoughts, perceived themselves as having better financial well-being and consequently spent more than tightwad participants. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the direct link between an exposure to credit card cues and perceived financial well-being, and one of the few to show evidence of the moderating effect of consumers’ sensitivity to the pain of payment on spending when credit card cues are present. This study suggests that marketers may use credit card cues to promote consumer spending, whereas consumers, especially spendthrifts, should be aware of how credit card cues may inflate their perceived financial well-being and stimulate them to spend more.

Organizational structure and innovation: analysis from the strategic co-alignment

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Armando Marín-Idárraga ◽  
Juan Carlos Cuartas
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Empirical Validation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Innovation Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of the co-alignment of structural variables on innovation, wherein Bogotá-based SMEs, belonging to the industrial, commercial and services sectors, were used as samples. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted using a causal inference methodology and through the application of a structural equation model. Findings The results indicate that organizational structure has an influence on innovation, although this is true only for some variables and only when the analysis is performed separately. When performed under strategic co-alignment conditions, however, its influence becomes greater. Originality/value Organizational structure and innovation are determining factors of organizational performance. Although the strategic co-alignment theory has provided points of reference to understanding the phenomenon of organizational performance, there are still many gaps left to be filled. Additionally, it also requires empirical validation especially in relation to Colombian SMEs – and this is where this work makes a contribution.

Does knowing overcome wanting? The impact of consumer knowledge and materialism upon credit card selection with young consumers

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Cakarnis ◽  
Steve Peter D'Alessandro
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Consumer Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – This paper investigates the determinants of credit card use and misuse by student and young professionals. Critical to the research is the impact of materialism and knowledge on selection of the appropriate credit card. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses survey research and partial least squares to investigate credit card behaviors of students versus young professionals. Findings – In a comparative study of young professionals and students, it was found that consumer knowledge, as expected, leads to better consumer selection of credit cards. Materialism was also found to increase the motivation for more optimal consumer outcomes. For more experienced consumers, such as young professionals, it was found that despite them being more knowledgeable, they were more likely to select a credit card based on impulse. Originality/value – This paper examines how materialism may in fact encourage some consumers to make better decisions because they are more motivated to develop better knowledge. It also shows how better credit card selection may inhibit impulse purchasing.

The mediate effect of learning and knowledge on organizational performance

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (7) ◽  
pp. 1066-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin‐Yen Lin ◽  
Tsung‐Hsien Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Management Capability ◽  
Knowledge Management Capability ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper seeks to propose a conceptual structural equation model to investigate the relationships among human resource management (HRM), organizational learning (OL), knowledge management capability (KMC) and organizational performance (OP) and to demonstrate the direct and indirect effect of HRM on OP from the perspectives of KMC and OL.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical study is conducted in financial training centers in Taiwan and the collected survey data are used to test the relationships among the four dimensions expressed in the proposed structural equation model.FindingsThe results show that HRM has a direct and significant impact on OL and KMC. HRM influences OP indirectly through OL and KMC. In addition, OL and KMC have direct and significant influences on OP.Research limitations/implicationsOnly data from Taiwan were collected. Therefore, the results may not be easily generalized to other areas or countries, but are useful for managers' reference, especially for those whose circumstances are similar to those in Taiwan.Practical implicationsThe conceptual structural equation model provides useful information for managers to enhance OP through the adoption of appropriate HRM, OL and KMC policies.Originality/valueThe study demonstrates how HRM indirectly impacts OP and illustrates the paths of influence through either OL or KMC.

The effects of risk appraisal and coping appraisal on the adoption intention of m-payment

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Shih-Tse Wang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Risk Appraisal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Adoption Intention

Purpose Although debit and credit cards are widely accepted, consumers still have significant concerns pertaining to the risk of the cards’ usage. Mobile payment (m-payment) acts as identification and a virtual card for consumers, and is viewed as more secure than card payments. However, the influence of consumers’ appraisal of debit and credit cards usage and using m-payment on the adoption intention of m-payment is unclear. Using the protection motivation theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of risk appraisal of using debit or credit cards and coping appraisal of using m-payment on the adoption intention of m-payment. Design/methodology/approach A total of 418 volunteers participated in this study, and structural equation modeling was employed to test the employed conceptual model. Findings The results revealed that risk appraisal (i.e. vulnerability, severity and benefit) of using debit or credit cards did not affect m-payment adoption intention. Moreover, self-efficacy and response efficacy positively affected m-payment adoption intention, whereas response cost negatively influenced m-payment adoption intention. Originality/value Both theoretical and practical implications are presented in this paper for m-payment marketers to develop effective communication strategies for promoting m-payment adoption.

scholarly journals The easy-money effect: credit card spending and hard-work reminders

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 541-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
King-Yin Wong ◽  
Michael Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Consumer Spending ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This research paper aims to examine the proposed easy-money effect of credit cards, which stimulates consumers to overspend. This paper shows how such an easy-money effect can be weakened. Design/methodology/approach In Study 1, an implicit association test was conducted with a sample of 169 participants to test the proposed credit card easy-money effect. In Study 2, experimental data were collected online from 365 participants to test the effectiveness of a hard-work reminder in weakening credit cards’ easy-money effect on consumer spending. Findings The proposed credit card easy-money effect exists, with spendthrift (ST) participants associating money with hard work less in the implicit association test after being presented with a credit card cue versus neutral cue. The results from Study 2 show that ST participants spent more on their dinner than tightwad participants when shown a credit card cue. However, this effect could be weakened when STs were also reminded of their hard work by a picture accompanied with words. Practical implications This paper suggests that credit cards’ spending-stimulating effect is due to consumers’ associations between credit cards and easy money. Based on this notion, this paper suggests conditions in which credit cards will stimulate more and less spending. Originality/value This is the first research attempt to examine the credit cards’ easy-money effect and the effectiveness of reminding consumers of their hard work to mitigate credit cards’ long-established spending-stimulating effect.

Strategic planning key factor in tangible–intangible results in microenterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Armando López-Lemus ◽  
María Teresa De la Garza Carranza ◽  
Quetzalli Atlatenco Ibarra ◽  
José Guadalupe López-Lemus
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The objective of this research is to know the degree of influence that strategic planning (SP) exerts on the tangible and intangible results of business microenterprises in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach The methodological design was quantitative, explanatory, observational and cross-sectional, where a sample of 407 young leaders of microenterprises from the state of Guanajuato, Mexico, was obtained. To evaluate hypotheses, a structural equation model (SEM) was developed. Regarding the goodness and adjustment indices of the SEM, they were absolutely acceptable. Findings The results obtained through Pearson’s correlation show that there is a positive and significant relationship between SP and the tangible and intangible results of microenterprises. In addition, through the results obtained with the SEM model, it is statistically demonstrated that SP positively and significantly influences the tangible and intangible results of microenterprises in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. Research limitations/implications In this research, only SP was valued as a variable that intervenes in the process of achieving tangible and intangible results to achieve the business objectives of entrepreneurial microenterprises in the state of Guanajuato. It is essential to point out that other variables that intervene in the process must be considered to generate tangible and intangible results. It is recommended to carry out further research under these variables to identify strategies for improving entrepreneurial microenterprises for their growth, sustainability and rapid positioning in a highly competitive market. Practical implications SP represents one of the tools to achieve the success of microenterprises through tangible and intangible results. However, microenterprises show a need to involve the use and application of SP to define clear indicators that contribute to obtaining satisfactory tangible and intangible results. Originality/value The findings are relevant and of great value, because there is currently not enough research that focuses on the variables analyzed, in this sense, SP and the tangible and intangible results of young entrepreneurial leaders of microenterprises in the Mexican context. The limitations of this study lie in the low participation and interest of young microenterprise entrepreneurs in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico.

Does law as resource bring a competitive advantage to companies?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Teixeira ◽  
João J. Ferreira ◽  
Pedro Mota Veiga
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Business Law ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Law

Purpose Resources and their analysis are essential to understand better companies’ internal and external dynamics and the weight each has in obtaining competitive advantages over the competition. This study aims to address the law and legal knowledge as a fundamental resource for companies to succeed in the markets to obtain a sustainable competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach Based upon a sample of 200 managers, a structural equation model was used to validate the hypotheses under study. Findings Results show awareness and managers’ perception of the importance of law as a resource and its advantages for companies and the dichotomy between recognising this importance and not using it consistently. Originality/value Knowing the scope of business law and its growing importance for companies and being academically aware of the inexistence of studies that analyse the law as an individualised resource for companies, this study has a crucial contribution to the interconnection of these two fields – business and law.

The effect of event experience quality on the satisfaction and behavioral intentions of motocross World Championship spectators

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Çevik ◽  
Kerem Yıldırım Şimşek
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
World Championship ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the theoretical relationship between experience quality (EXQ), satisfaction and the behavioral intentions (BI) of Motocross World Championship spectators.Design/methodology/approachThe research data were collected from spectators who participated in the World Motocross Championship race held in Afyon, Turkey in 2018. The structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the relationship among the research variables.FindingsThe results showed EXQ had significant and direct effects on satisfaction and BI. In addition to this, satisfaction had a partial mediating effect between EXQ and BI.Originality/valueTo date there has been no empirical study examining the consumer behaviors of motocross event spectators. Consequently, this research provides important contributions to the literature and informs event organizers about the role of EXQ in terms of understanding the behavior of motocross event spectators.

Who are the farm shop buyers? A case study in Naumburg, Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-268
Author(s):  
Miroslava Bavorova ◽  
Diana Traikova ◽  
Juliane Doms
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shopping Behaviour ◽  
Observed Behaviour ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence consumers’ shopping behaviour from farm shops. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Data were gathered in 2015 and 2016 via a quantitative written survey of 135 pedestrians in a structured questionnaire in Naumburg, East Germany. The authors use the variance-based, partial least squares subfamily of structural equation models for the analysis, allowing the authors to investigate the causes of the formation of attitudes, social norms and perceived behavioural control (PBC) related to buying from farm shops. Findings Seen through the TPB prism, the most powerful explanatory construct in the model is PBC. This is followed by favourable attitudes towards buying at the farm gate. Interestingly, the injunctive norms construct is not significant, while the descriptive norms construct is. This means that the observed behaviour of relevant peers is more strongly linked to buying at the farm gate than what significant others want respondents to do. Originality/value Farm shops are one of the innovative distribution channels used by farmers to sell regional products directly to consumers. Studies that analyse the factors that have an effect on consumer behaviour when buying food from farm shops are very scarce. This paper fills this gap and the findings have implications for communications to consumers and labelling.

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