Utilizing lean tools to improve value and reduce outpatient wait times in an Indian hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Miller ◽  
Nirisha Chalapati
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
Scheduling Problems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Value Streams ◽  
Lean Tools

Purpose – This paper aims to demonstrate how lean tools were applied to some unique issues of providing healthcare in a developing country where many patients face challenges not found in developed countries. The challenges provide insight into how lean tools can be utilized to provide similar results across the world. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is based on a qualitative case study carried out by a master’s student implementing lean at a hospital in India. Findings – This paper finds that lean tools such as value-stream mapping and root cause analysis can lead to dramatic reductions in waste and improvements in productivity. The problems of the majority of patients paying for their own healthcare and lacking transportation created scheduling problems that required patients to receive their diagnosis and pay for treatment within a single day. Many additional wastes were identified that were significantly impacting the hospital’s ability to provide care. As a result of this project, average outpatient wait times were reduced from 1 hour to 15 minutes along with a significant increase in labor productivity. Practical implications – The results demonstrate how lean tools can increase value to the patients. It also provides are framework that can be utilized for healthcare providers in developed and developing countries to analyze their value streams to reduce waste. Originality/value – This paper is one of the first to address the unique issues of implementing lean to a healthcare setting in a developing country.

Specific HR practices and employee commitment: the mediating role of job satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshad Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Naseer Akhtar ◽  
Usman Talat ◽  
Chuanmin Shuai ◽  
James C. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Employee Commitment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Hr Practices

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to increase understanding of the influence mechanisms of specific HR practices variables – salary, job stability and job enrichment – upon employee commitment, through the mediating role of job satisfaction, in a developing country context. Crucially, these indicate employee commitment.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyzed three specific HR practices with a sample of 263 employees in the banking industry of Pakistan. A structural equation modeling methodology is adopted.FindingsThe findings indicate that remuneration strategies were positively related to job satisfaction and employee commitment. Regarding the intervening impact of job satisfaction, this study found that it mediates only for non-monetary strategies between job satisfaction and employee commitment.Research limitations/implicationsA key limitation is that this is a cross-sectional study, perhaps not generalizable over longitudinal approaches. Another limit is posed by the developing country context of this study, perhaps not applicable to some developed countries.Practical implicationsFrom an HR perspective, managing salary structure is an ongoing issue. The proposed model suggests the use of specific practices about satisfaction and commitment as intermediate steps to manage employee commitment.Originality/valueThe research offers a unique understanding from the developing country context of Pakistan. This provides a novel study conducted to examine employee commitment using the high-performance work practices model.

CCTV as an efficient surveillance system? An assessment from 24 academic libraries of India

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Gupta ◽  
Madhusudhan Margam
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Night Vision ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Central State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Survey Responses

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential and adoption of closed-circuit television (CCTV) surveillance-based security system (hereafter “CCTV”) for enhancing the security of library materials in academic libraries of universities (central, state, deemed and private) and prestigious institutions such as Indian Institutes of Technology and Indian Institutes of Management in a developing country, i.e. India. The study also overviewed the CCTV policies of the studied libraries of universities/institutions as they relate to the ethical aspects of the surveillance system. Design/methodology/approach Structured questionnaire was designed and distributed among librarians of 24 academic libraries covering each zone of India in October 2019 in both physical and online manner. All 24 filled-in questionnaires were collected personally and online by the investigator were found valid eliciting a response rate of 100%. All the 24 filled-in questionnaires were included in the analysis of the interpretation of data. The response to 18 questions was analyzed in the form of tables and figures using descriptive statistical methods. Findings The study reveals that librarians’ found CCTV useful for security by controlling theft, unethical losses and missing items. It also helped to curb mutilation and vandalism, procurement of the rare material via the latest camera devices and night vision capturing, besides improving the service efficiency of the patron, as well as staff. The quantitative study surveyed security professionals to assess how each university/institution developed, deployed and integrated CCTV policies related to securing video data, safeguarding privacy and prevention of the potential for the unethical use of surveillance cameras. The analysis of the survey responses determined that more than 50% of the universities/institutions participating had a written CCTV policy. Further, library professionals find that the future of libraries lies in a CCTV system, so the cost should be brought down to improve return on investment by the mass adoption of this technology in a developing country such as India. Research limitations/implications The findings of the study showed that the potential uses of CCTV in Indian libraries are slow compared to that of the libraries of developed countries and some of the developing countries. Many of the CCTV policies that universities/institutions did have failed to include mandated training of personnel or provisions ensuring that their policies remained up-to-date. It is suggested that universities and institutions understudy should realize the benefits of CCTV systems and incorporate-related updated tools in the security and multi-purpose uses in the libraries to enhance the services for the users and security for the materials or collections. Practical implications The paper includes implications for libraries and their professionals to approach CCTV systems with ethical considerations for procurement of library collections, which help to detect mutilation/theft, observe the misbehavior of users, as well as staff and deployment, should not be decided merely while balancing security demands. Social implications The study is significant because it represents one of the earliest works to shed light on the current level of the use of CCTV system by librarians of studied libraries of universities/institutes in developing country such as India and how they are providing CCTV-based security and services, which are currently in its primitive nature. The study also suggested that select libraries are required to weigh up and balance many competing desires, demands and objectives. Originality/value This paper provides a concise overview of the various applications/area and uses of CCTV system including its procedures during implementation, merits and demerits while using the system described above in libraries and recommends this technology to other libraries for faster and better services for their users and security to their library materials in today’s technological advancement. It provides a set of issues that should be considered before system adoption or deployment.

Determinants of innovation performance of organizations in a regional innovation system from a developing country

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-362
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Ortega ◽  
Maribel Serna
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Nonparametric Statistical ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Variables affecting the innovation performance (IP) in regional innovation systems (RIS) have been widely studied in developed countries, while little information exists for the case of developing countries. Based on the innovation economics theory, this study aims to examine determinants of IP of organizations within the RIS of Medellin/Antioquia, Colombia (South America). Design/methodology/approach By using nonparametric statistical analyses, this study tests six research hypotheses through a randomly applied questionnaire, responded by 1,005 organizations belonging to the RIS of Medellin/Antioquia. Findings Results indicate that the economic sector, firm size, level of interaction with different parties and level of interaction with academic partners have a significant impact on IP in the RIS. Nevertheless, the number of employees in research and development and the adoption of new technologies have no significant effect. Practical implications Based on the results, this study identifies innovation determinants that managers and policymakers should consider when formulating strategies to improve organizations’ IP. The result of this paper may provide valuable insights for the study of RIS’ determinants and support further research in similar contexts. Originality/value This paper contributes to the limited body of knowledge regarding the variables that impact the IP of organizations in a RIS from a developing country. This paper also examines possible explanations for those hypotheses that were not supported, showing differences between developing and developed countries.

Exploring panic buying behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: a developing country perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurmeet Singh ◽  
Asheefa Shaheen Aiyub ◽  
Tuma Greig ◽  
Samantha Naidu ◽  
Aarti Sewak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Customer Behavior ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Global Pandemic

PurposeThis paper aims to identify factors that influence customers' panic buying behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 357 participants in Fiji, and structural equation modeling to analyze the collected data.FindingsResults indicate that expected personal outcomes is positively associated with customers' attitudes while expected community-related outcomes negatively impact customers' attitudes. Factors such as attitude, subjective norms, scarcity, time pressure and perceived competition were found to positively influence customers' panic buying intention. Furthermore, scarcity and time pressure were confirmed to positively influence perceived competitiveness while perceived social detection risk negatively influences customer's panic buying intention.Practical implicationsThe findings highlight the need for better measures to ensure that every customer has access to goods and services and is not deprived of such necessities in times of a crisis. These results will assist store managers and policymakers in introducing better management, social policies and resource utilization mechanisms to mitigate panic buying during the pandemic.Originality/valueThis study's findings contribute to the literature on customer's panic buying behavior during a global pandemic. Research in this area remain scarce, inconsistent and inconclusive. Novel insights are generated as this study is the first to combine the theory of planned behavior, privacy calculus theory and protection motivation theory. Applying these theories allows new relationships to be tested to better understand customer behavior during a global pandemic. With most studies on customer behavior during crises and disasters in developed countries, this study generates new insights by exploring customer behavior in a developing country.

scholarly journals Innovation culture in small Tunisian ICT firms

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana El Harbi ◽  
Alistair R. Anderson ◽  
Meriam Amamou
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regional Institutions ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Innovation Culture ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Innovative Culture

Purpose – The research aims to ask whether, in the absence of overarching innovative conditions, a small firm can have an innovative culture and what its scale and scope is. Design/methodology/approach – The study employs four exploratory case studies. This methodological choice is justified in that a case study approach allows the use of the existing literature without inhibiting the detection of any unique characteristics in the Tunisian context. This context of a developing economy is likely to be different from established economies. Findings – The study finds evidence of a learning environment within the firms and a good fit with the concepts of an innovative culture. Internal knowledge sharing is evident for all companies. However, this culture faces inwards, so that the paucity of linkages and weak socialisation combines with institutional thinness to isolate the firms. Local competitive advantages are not amplified but rather are dampened by the relative absence of interaction. Research limitations/implications – Most research about innovation in the ICT sector is conducted in the context of developed countries. This paper shows the specificities and uniqueness of innovation culture in the context of a developing country. Practical implications – The findings imply that despite recent improvements, Tunisia lacks many of the regional “institutions” that produce the synergic benefits of an innovative milieu. Originality/value – The context of a developing country is novel. The value of the findings may, however, be extended to other similar countries. This is important given the role of ICT in “catching up”.

Challenges in transitioning from new public management to new public governance in a developing country context

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 689-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahed Waheduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Service Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Public ◽  
New Public Governance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the transitional status of new public management (NPM) into new public governance (NPG) in a developing country context. Some authors, based on their research in developed countries, have claimed that NPM is dead. However, such claims have apparently ignored the transformational status of NPM in developing countries. This paper addresses that gap. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative method was used in this research. Public officials, elected representatives and local users who were responsible for public service management at local levels in Bangladesh were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires tailored to each group. The interview texts were then organised and analysed using NVivo software. Findings This research reveals that four public management elements comprising decentralisation, market-based services, efficiency and accountability, which are prerequisites for creating an appropriate environment for NPG, have not been established successfully in Bangladesh. This finding suggests that NPG may not be achieved without effective implementation of these elements through NPM practices. The study concludes that NPM needs to be practiced for more time in Bangladesh for the effective transformation of public management into public governance. Research limitations/implications Findings from this research will help public policy makers and researchers to identify barriers to and design the pathway for a smooth shift from NPM to NPG. Practical implications The findings of this research would help the Government of Bangladesh and international aid agencies to better understand the status of NPM and NPG in regional Bangladesh. Social implications The research findings may help identify barriers to enhancing participatory activities in a developing society. Originality/value Though NPM is an obsolete theory for developed countries, it needs to be implemented successfully in developing countries prior to the implementation of NPG.

scholarly journals Challenges and critical factors of interagency information sharing in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-806
Author(s):  
Djoko Sigit Sayogo ◽  
Sri Budi Cantika Yuli ◽  
Wiyono Wiyono
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Public Managers

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the challenges and critical factors of interagency information sharing (IIS) from the perspectives of technology, organization, policy and public participation in a developing country. Design/methodology/approach This study conducted a case study encompassing documentation analysis and in-depth semi-structured interviews of 15 public managers and other public officials in the Regency of Bojonegoro, Indonesia. Findings The findings demonstrate that addressing factors residing in organizational and policy and regulations challenges are critical and should precede the needs of technology. The findings also identified three factors affecting IIS in a developing country. First, the embeddedness of agencies in rigid bureaucratic and autocratic structure complicates the collaboration in IIS, such as promoting jurisdiction conflicts. Second, this study identifies the crucial influence of top executives on every activity in IIS, including resolving conflicts. Finally, political instability augments the crucial function of creating public awareness and participation. Public awareness and participation become more critical because public support carries political precedent that eventually affects the continuity of ICTs initiatives. Research limitations/implications Owing to the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalizability beyond Indonesia. Furthermore, this research design did not specify the interviewees to rank and prioritize the challenges and critical factors, nor that the authors ask for the strategy to alleviate the challenges. Practical implications The challenges of data management engender practical implication in which public managers should focus more on communicating and socializing, as well as providing training on the importance of data and the new technology not only early in the phase of the project but also during the implementation. Furthermore, in the effort to ensure the continuity of the project, public managers could continuously nurture public participation and spark public interest through the use of social media. Originality/value Many studies on the challenges of implementing IIS focusing in developed countries might overlook the possible distinctive challenges affecting the adoption of IIS by the government in developing countries. This study identified several unique contexts and critical situational factors affecting interagency information sharing pertinent to a developing country.

The role of context-specific factors in IFDI’s influence on OFDI of developing country

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-187
Author(s):  
Mengting Zhang ◽  
Changbiao Zhong ◽  
Feng Yu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Investment ◽  
Competition Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Context Specific

Purpose Although prior research has highlighted the importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) on a country’s internationalization, it has largely focused on developed countries. As a result, the FDI performance of a developing country, which differs fundamentally from that of developed countries in their environment, remains unclear. Under the newly development environment, the traditional FDI theories have been challenged by the increasing investments from emerging and transition economies. The theory system needs a fresh situation’s supplement urgently. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of a literature review, this paper constructed an empirical model to further study the moderating effects of context-specific factors on the influence of inbound foreign direct investment (IFDI) on outbound foreign direct investment (OFDI). China was chosen as the representation of a developing country, and its data of mutual investments with 125 countries from 2003 to 2014 were used to carry out hypothesis testing. Findings The analysis and results of this paper suggested: first, for China, the overall influence of IFDI on OFDI is positive. That is to say, IFDI’s positive spillover effect is greater than the negative competition effect. Second, innovational distance’s effect on FDI is complicated. It can either be positive or negative, which calls for further investigation. Third, economic distance negatively affects OFDI and negatively moderates IFDI’s effect on OFDI, especially the export. To some extent, the moderating effect that resulted from the competition effect will reduce overseas investment by extruding some of the local enterprises. Fourth, cultural distance’s effect is closely related to the spillover effect that will positively moderate IFDI’s influence on OFDI. Originality/value This paper enriched the international investment theoretical system by adding a mechanism of multiway international investment of a developing country. The research also has a guiding significance for developing countries’ governments in coordinating mutual international investments. Also, these results have important implications for how policymakers promote OFDI and put forward new theoretical avenues for conceptualizing the internationalization process.

scholarly journals More value from fewer resources: how to expand value stream mapping with ideas from circular economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-459
Author(s):  
Christer Hedlund ◽  
Petter Stenmark ◽  
Erik Noaksson ◽  
Johan Lilja
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
A Value ◽  
New Business ◽  
Value Streams ◽  
Recent Trends

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss recent trends in the circular economy and investigate how value stream mapping (VSM) can be extended to more fully include some of the critical aspects of circular economy. Design/methodology/approach The findings are based on previous research that has explored the usage of VSM to include aspects of the environment and sustainability aspects. These ideas are then expanded to new ways to use VSM by mapping value of a product as it is; used, maintained, re-used, remanufactured, recycled, incinerated or used for landfill. The authors test out this approach through application in the waste management sector to identify possibilities for improvement and new business opportunities in what now is considered waste. Findings This paper introduces an expanded version of VSM that refines the existing Lean toolbox for exploring value and mapping value in a circular economy. Practical implications The aim of this paper is to expand the relevance and practical value of VSM as the world economy increasingly moves toward a circular one. Originality/value Today, VSM is a widespread method within Lean manufacturing that scrutinizes value creation within an organization or within a value chain. This paper describes how VSM can be refined to explore value streams in the afterlife of a product and explore waste as a resource utilization opportunity.

An international comparative analysis of local hazard mitigation plan evaluation for flood

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwayoung Kim ◽  
Ryuji Kakimoto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Content Type ◽  
State And Local ◽  
International Comparative

Purpose This research aims to identify the qualitative differences between local hazard mitigation plan (LHMP) of the developing country when compared to those of developed countries. It also seeks to demonstrate the relative importance of public private partnership and the need for PPs to be integrated into LHMP because they help to create strong LHMP, thereby making communities will become more resilient to not only floods but also other natural disasters. It focuses on the components of hazard mitigation from a developed country perspective and how these influence the contents/focus of the LHMP especially when compared to those of a developing country. Design/methodology/approach Based on official information such as population, climate and major threat that has faced, research sites were selected. Each LHMP can be downloaded from the official city websites, except Korea. Through plan evacuation protocols the LHMP for each city – USA (Baltimore), Japan (Kumamoto) and Korea (Pohang) – were assessed three times by the research team. Plans were evaluated using a plan coding evacuation process. Findings The LHMP of the developing country did not contain maps illustrating to the people who are exposed to flood and evacuation routes and who are vulnerable (both economically and physically), when compared with the developed countries plan. However, quicker response because of simple political hierarchy can be possible in Japan and Korea when compared to the USA, which has three different tiers of political governments – federal, State and Local government – though Korea is a developing country. Originality/value In recent times, pre-disaster response, which is a proactive approach to natural disasters, is an emerging issue rather than post disaster response because of sustainable and resilient ideas of the locals that have repeatedly suffered from natural hazards. This study compares LHMPs of each country to better understand strengths and weakness, as well as to identify strategies that will enhance the quality of mitigation plan for the developed country and developing country. It is hoped that this study will inform and augment existing literature by assisting underdeveloped and developing countries suffering from floods with the preparation of their LHMPs based on the suggestion of this research.

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