Postprandial glycemic response in different bakery formulations with adequate palatability: sex-related effects

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Niclis ◽  
Diego Prado ◽  
María del Pilar Diaz ◽  
Elio Andrés Soria ◽  
Claudia Albrecht
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Linear Models ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Monounsaturated Fats ◽  
Starchy Foods

Purpose Hyperglycemic diets are a critical risk factor for diabetes and other chronic diseases; therefore, food innovation is encouraged. In this sense, starchy foods with a better postprandial glycemic response (PGR) could contribute to disease prevention for consumers. This study aims to evaluate the effect of three biscuit formulations on glycemic indicators – in general, and by sex – and their acceptability. Design/methodology/approach The authors analyzed the nutritional composition of biscuits A, B and C (high, moderate and low fiber content, respectively, among other differences) and the PGR, glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) after being consumed by 15 healthy adults. A sensory evaluation was also performed (n = 54 subjects). An analysis of variance and generalized linear models were fitted to estimate the effect of formulations on glycemic indicators, including interactions by sex. Findings For samples A, B and C (classic biscuit) the GI was 50, 54 and 51, respectively. The formulations did not show differences in the GI or GL. Lower values of PGR were observed in women (p = 0.01) and inverse effects on glycemia in all formulations in women with respect to formulation C in men were found. Calories, fiber and monounsaturated fats showed inverse effects on the PGR, GI and GL. Sample A had the highest value of acceptability (86.1%), considering all attributes assessed. Originality/value A sex-related effect in glycemia was found, with all formulations triggered a better PGR in women. The nutritional profile of biscuits can be improved while maintaining palatability.

Maximizing design potential: investigating the effects of utilizing opportunistic and restrictive design for additive manufacturing in rapid response solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Prabhu ◽  
Jordan Scott Masia ◽  
Joseph T. Berthel ◽  
Nicholas Alexander Meisel ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Manufacturing Efficiency ◽  
Material Usage ◽  
Build Time ◽  
Rapid Prototyping And Manufacturing ◽  
Design For Am

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in numerous innovative engineering design solutions, several of which leverage the rapid prototyping and manufacturing capabilities of additive manufacturing. This paper aims to study a subset of these solutions for their utilization of design for AM (DfAM) techniques and investigate the effects of DfAM utilization on the creativity and manufacturing efficiency of these solutions. Design/methodology/approach This study compiled 26 COVID-19-related solutions designed for AM spanning three categories: (1) face shields (N = 6), (2) face masks (N = 12) and (3) hands-free door openers (N = 8). These solutions were assessed for (1) DfAM utilization, (2) manufacturing efficiency and (3) creativity. The relationships between these assessments were then computed using generalized linear models to investigate the influence of DfAM utilization on manufacturing efficiency and creativity. Findings It is observed that (1) unique and original designs scored lower in their AM suitability, (2) solutions with higher complexity scored higher on usefulness and overall creativity and (3) solutions with higher complexity had higher build cost, build time and material usage. These findings highlight the need to account for both opportunistic and restrictive DfAM when evaluating solutions designed for AM. Balancing the two DfAM perspectives can support the development of solutions that are creative and consume fewer build resources. Originality/value DfAM evaluation tools primarily focus on AM limitations to help designers avoid build failures. This paper proposes the need to assess designs for both, their opportunistic and restrictive DfAM utilization to appropriately assess the manufacturing efficiency of designs and to realize the creative potential of adopting AM.

The impact of corruption on sport demand

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Amenta ◽  
Paolo Di Betta
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Systemic Corruption ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe article presents an empirical analysis that evaluates the effects of a systemic corruption scandal on the demand in the short and the long run. In 2006, the Calciopoli scandal uncovered the match rigging in the Italian soccer first division. The exemplary sportive sanction of relegating the primary culprit to the second division imposed further negative externalities on the other clubs. Should we prefer the sportive sanction on the team or the monetary fines for the club?Design/methodology/approachWe estimated two log-linear models of the demand side (stadium attendance) using a fixed effect estimator, on two panel data set made of all the Italian soccer clubs in the first and second division (Serie A and Serie B) for the seasons 2004/2005 to 2009/2010, considering the relegation of the Juventus as the event which impacted the demand for soccer.FindingsRelegating Juventus to Serie B caused an immediate decrease of 18.4% in the attendance for all the teams, both in Serie A and in Serie B, for the three seasons considered, and 1% decrease when all the seasons are considered to measure the fallout of the scandal on the fans' disaffection.Originality/valueThe effect of corruption in sport on demand is an important issue, and there are few studies already published. As for sports economics and management, our results are of interest for sport-governing bodies – as a case study that can help in designing a more effective sanctioning system to prevent corruption episodes.

A systems model of organizational change

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 725-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Maes ◽  
Geert Van Hootegem
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Integrated Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Change Models ◽  
Meta Model ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Organizational Theories

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a meta-model of organizational change that allows to look at change from different angles. This meta-model starts from the idea that there are different discourses about organizational change, each having their own merits but also their own limitations. Bringing these discourses together into an integrated systems model allows the authors to capture the essence of organizational change a lot better. Design/methodology/approach This model is designed based on a literature review of organizational theories, systems theories related to theories of organizational change and specific theories about organizational change. Findings The literature review resulted in a systems model of organizational change that is better able to grasp the complexity of change than linear models. Originality/value This model goes beyond the usual change models from the normative discourse and provides a multidimensional view on organizational change.

Foreign venture capital firms and internationalization of ventures

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heejin Woo
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Venture Capital Firms ◽  
Logistic Regressions

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how foreign venture capital firms affect the internationalization of investee ventures and their performance. The author argues that, as influential stakeholders, foreign venture capital (VC) firms engage in strategic decisions of investee ventures and may positively contribute to ventures’ business in foreign markets. Design/methodology/approach The study examines 551 VC-backed ventures that went public between 2000 and 2014 in the US. Logistic regressions and generalized linear models are used to test hypotheses, and the two-stage approach is used to address a potential endogeneity issue. Findings In the empirical results, the author finds that foreign VC investment is positively associated with the internationalization of ventures in terms of both the likelihood of internationalization and foreign sales intensity. In addition, the author finds that internationalization and foreign sales intensity are positively associated with firm performance when a venture is backed by a foreign VC firm. Originality/value This study makes important theoretical and empirical contributions to the international entrepreneurship literature by highlighting the role of foreign VC investors on internationalization of ventures.

Monitoring multinomial logistic profiles in Phase I using log-linear models

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 678-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Izadbakhsh ◽  
Rassoul Noorossana ◽  
Seyed Taghi Akhavan Niaki
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Control Charts ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Log Linear

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply Poisson generalized linear model (PGLM) with log link instead of multinomial logistic regression to monitor multinomial logistic profiles in Phase I. Hence, estimating the coefficients becomes easier and more accurate. Design/methodology/approach Simulation technique is used to assess the performance of the proposed algorithm using four different control charts for monitoring. Findings The proposed algorithm is faster and more accurate than the previous algorithms. Simulation results also indicate that the likelihood ratio test method is able to detect out-of-control parameters more efficiently. Originality/value The PGLM with log link has not been used to monitor multinomial profiles in Phase I.

A review on nutritional profile of the food from enset

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 824-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Workneh Fanta ◽  
Satheesh Neela
Keyword(s):  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Post Harvesting ◽  
Traditional Processing

Purpose This paper is a systemic review on enset plant’s role in Ethiopian people’s life as the source of food. This paper aims to summarize the traditional processing and preparation methods of enset-based foods and their nutritional composition. Design/methodology/approach Available scientific articles were collected and reviewed for enset plant evaluation, description, enset plant’s role in Ethiopian people’s food security, post harvesting and traditional processing of enset plants, microbiology of the fermented enset foods, different foods reported from enset, nutritional profile of the three food from enset base (kocho, bulla and amicho) and other non-food applications of enset plant. Findings Enset plant has a predominant role in people living in the southern part of Ethiopia. This plant is drought-tolerant and provides many non-food applications. Harvesting of the enset plant, preparing for fermentation and food preparations follow the traditional route by using the indigenous knowledge and practices. Limited studies have been reported on the microbiology of the enset fermentation, but various types of microbes have been reported. In case of nutritional composition, foods from enset are reported to contain high carbohydrate and minerals content, such as calcium, potassium and zinc, but limited protein content; they are also the best source of the essential amino acids such as lysine and leucine. Limited data are available on vitamins, anti-oxidant and fatty acids profiles of enset-based foods. The existing data indicate variations, and the reasons for variability are discussed in this paper. Originality/value Scientific reviews on enset food nutrition profile and related issues are scarce; this paper will compile information about enset plant-based foods for researchers for their future research.

Nutritional composition of cereal filtrates-based beverages

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Samson Ishola Ibironke ◽  
Rafiu Olaposi Adeleke ◽  
Cornelius Adebayo Ajele ◽  
Otutu Olatunde ◽  
Meshach Morakinyo Ige
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Recommended Daily Allowance ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Daily Allowance

Purpose – The purpose of the study was to highlight the nutritive values and evaluate the safety level of beverages formulated from selected cereal filtrates in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – The cereals that were used for the formulation of the beverages are: 100 percent white maize, 100 percent yellow maize, 50:50; white: yellow maize, and 100 percent sorghum bicolour. All the cereals were purchased from Odo-Ogbe market in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Findings – The results showed that the level of the minerals present in the cereal filtrates ranged from 39.1 to 43.6; 236 to 303; 362.4 to 462; 23.6 to 68.3; 26 to 41.5; 0.66 to 2.37; and 0.5 to 2.2 mg/100 g for sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn), respectively. Microbial load ranged from 2.0 to 3.0×10−3 cfug. Results of nutritional composition such as percentage moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash and crude fibre ranged from 91 to 93, 1.5 to 1.75, 0.03 to 0.040, 0.25 to 1, 1.48 to 1.70 and 3.33 to 5.31 g/100 g, respectively, while the energy value ranged between 66.60 and 75.56 kcal. The values obtained for vitamin C and thiamin ranged from 0.30 to 0.40 and 0.56 to 0.70 mg/100 g, respectively. Originality/value – The micronutrients in the formulated beverages met the minimum recommended daily allowance and also possessed antimicrobial activities. However, the results showed that the proximate composition was high in water and low in other nutrients but still compared favourably with previous findings. It was concluded that the beverage produced from selected fermented cereal filtrates waste was safe and rich in micronutrients.

Bioactive compounds, nutritional benefits and food applications of black rice: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Poonia ◽  
Surabhi Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Pulse Electric Field ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Different Sources

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the nutritional composition, phytochemicals and bioactive compounds of black rice such as flavonoids, phenolic compounds and their health benefits. Black rice has also been used in medicine and for curing diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Green technologies such as microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and pulse electric field assisted extraction are very useful for the extraction of bioactive compounds as these reduce the use of energy and are environmental friendly. Black rice in different forms can be incorporated in various food products such as bakery, dairy and meat products. Design/methodology/approach Information and data were collected from different sources such as Google Scholar, Research Gate, online journals available at Banaras Hindu University library, Web of Science and Scopus. A database of more than 80 scientific sources from different sources was made as per the headings and subheadings of the paper. Findings Black rice is a type of rice species (Oryza sativa L.) and very good source of various nutrients and one of the nutritious varieties of rice. It is a good reservoir of essential amino acids such as lysine, tryptophan, minerals including iron, calcium, phosphorus, zinc and selenium; vitamins such as vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and folic acid. Various recent methods of extraction of bioactive compounds from black rice are suggested. Originality/value Researchers and scientists have considered black rice as a “Super Food” because of its nutritional profile. Black rice has antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anticancer activity, antihyperlipidemia and antihyperglycemia and anti-allergic activity. There is a need to create awareness among the consumers about its nutritional profile and therapeutic properties.

scholarly journals Glycemic Index (GI) and Glycemic Load (GL) Values for Dried Bisr and Tamr Dates

2019 ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad H. Jarrar ◽  
Afaf Kamal-Eldin ◽  
Mo'ath Bataineh ◽  
Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Date Fruits

Date fruits can be consumed at different stages of maturity and thus might vary in glycemic response. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the nutritional composition, glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) values of dried Bisr (mature unripe) and Tamr (mature ripe) dates. Fifteen healthy female participants (18 and 25 years), were recruited to assess the GI and GL values of dried Bisr and dried Tamr dates. Each participant was tested in three different times. Trials were separated by 1 week and proceeded in a randomized counterbalanced manner. Anthropometrics and food records were obtained for all participants. Proximate analysis revealed significant differences between Bisr and Tamr dates in moisture, ash, fat, protein, and fiber content (P<0.05), whereas, carbohydrate and energy contents were comparable (P>0.05). The incremental area under the blood glucose response curve was higher (164.5 ± 47.8) for the standard food in comparison with dried Bisr (88.5 ± 24.1, P < 0.0001) or dried Tamr dates (88.2 ± 27.9, P<0.0001), whereas, no significant differences were detected between the test foods (P>0.05). Both GI (Bisr: 54.6 ± 15.2 vs. Tamr: 54.3 ± 14.3) and GL (Bisr: 13.65 vs. Tamr: 13.58) were not significantly different between the test food items (P>0.05). Dried date fruits induce similar glycemic responses regardless of their maturity stage.

Concentration of iodine in iodized salt and estimation in school meals in a region of northeast Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raylane Oliveira Souza ◽  
Ana Beatriz Moura Santos ◽  
Fabiana Melo Soares ◽  
Fabrine Texeira Santos ◽  
Rafael Ciro Marques Cavalcante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
School Meals ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Salt Iodization ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
The City

Purpose Improper levels or excess of iodine may present a greater risk to health, for this reason, this paper aims to assess the iodine content present in salt and estimate the iodine concentration in school meals in a Brazilian northeast region. Design/methodology/approach Six samples of different salt brands sold in the city of Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil were gathered for analyzing iodate concentration. The amounts of salt added to meals of four schools in the city and the weight of the provided meals were recorded during two consecutive days of gathering, thus obtaining data to estimate the iodine content of these meals. The rest of the meals and the nutritional composition of school meals were analyzed. A questionnaire for participants on the perception of salt was applied. For data analysis, α = 5% was used. Findings The iodine concentration in all salt samples followed legislation (15 to 45 mg of iodine/kg of salt), with the average of iodine ranged between 26.5 ± 1.29 and 33.9 ± 2.49 mg/kg (p < 0.001). The estimated iodine content in consumed school meals was 0.025 mg (25 µg), in meals of schools A and C, it was 0.03 ± 0.02 mg, and to schools B and D, it was 0.02 ± 0.01 mg (p < 0.001). Percentages of rest of the meals greater than 10% were found and the assessed food preparation showed low caloric and nutritional values. Originality/value The iodine content is in accordance with the salt iodization policy in Brazil, and that the average iodine estimate in school meals was considered adequate for this population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document