A Diagnosis of Urban Poor Housing in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Iftekhar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Housing Sector ◽  
Housing Supply ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Key Factor

This paper presents concepts important for understanding urban poor housing in Vietnam, with a focus on key environmental, socio-economic, and cultural dimensions that bear on the housing sector. The paper draws on extensive field studies and presents a diagnosis of the context of and prospects for housing of the urban poor in Vietnam's two main cities: Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. While the literature on this theme is scanty, it points to the market-orientated economic reforms initiated in the 1980s as a key factor in creating imbalance in the housing supply. Recognising the current challenges in balancing affordability and sustainability, the study explores Vietnam's lack of adequate and affordable housing and the problems faced by the urban poor in accessing adequate housing.

scholarly journals Outreach of Pro-poor Housing Programs and Projects: Is it sustained?

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowthami Sai Dubagunta ◽  
Sejal Patel
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Housing Supply ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Bottom Of Pyramid ◽  
Occupancy Problems

Affordable housing for urban poor is one among the hot button issues among all policy makers and planners in countries of global south.  Grand schemes with extravagant promises in the formal sector and gigantic hope for informal sector, to capture the opportunity at bottom of pyramid, are simultaneously trying to curb the problem of affordable housing shortage for urban poor. Even though private sector does not purposely seek to cater housing for lower income sections, yet large quantum of investment have been witnessed in housing for the urban poor. It is well known that in a free market tussle, the highest bidder is always the winner.  This has been a major reason for creation of artificial shortage of housing for poor. And the scenario is worse in case of public housing, where, half of the units are either left purposeless or used by ineligible users, largely due to risk of impoverishment and improper post occupancy vigilance. The magnitude of post occupancy problems being unexplored, the objective of paper pertains to looks at the challenges and issues in sustaining targeted outreach to intended beneficiaries in housing supply models for urban poor. The paper elaborates distinct challenges through three housing supply models in Ahmedabad, India. The models are Rehabilitation Housing, Subsidized Housing by government and market provided Housing. The method is mixed method i.e. qualitative and quantitative research using primary and secondary data sources. The critical analysis of effective outreach is carried by studying policy rhetoric in each of the models to on ground veracity in the post occupancy stage of model by assessing end user satisfaction in each model.

Sustainable Low-Income Urban Housing in Vietnam: Context and Strategies

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Iftekhar Ahmed ◽  
Jalel Sager ◽  
Le Vu Cuong
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Housing Sector ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Low Income Housing

This paper presents concepts important for understanding the potential of sustainable low-income housing in Vietnam, with a focus on key environmental, socio-economic, and cultural dimensions that bear on its housing sector. It examines challenges for sustainable urban development in Hanoi and HCMC, Vietnam's two main cities. Recognising the current challenges in balancing affordability and sustainability, the study explores Vietnam's lack of adequate and affordable housing and the problem of its urban slums. Synergistic strategies suitable for the Vietnamese context are then suggested for sustainable low-income housing in these two cities.

scholarly journals Delivering Social Housing: An Overview of the Housing Crisis in Dublin

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valesca Lima
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Housing Supply ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Family Homelessness ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Direct Construction ◽  
The Social

This paper explores the responses to the housing crisis in Dublin, Ireland, by analysing recent housing policies promoted to prevent family homelessness. I argue that private rental market subsides have played an increasing role in the provision of social housing in Ireland. Instead of policies that facilitate the construction of affordable housing or the direct construction of social housing, current housing policies have addressed the social housing crisis by encouraging and relying excessively on the private market to deliver housing. The housing crisis has challenged governments to increase the social housing supply, but the implementation of a larger plan to deliver social housing has not been effective, as is evidenced by the rapid decline of both private and social housing supply and the increasing number of homeless people in Dublin.

scholarly journals Rape and the Prevalence of Hybrids in Broadly Sympatric Species: a Case Study using Albatrosses

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sievert Rohwer ◽  
Rebecca B. Harris ◽  
Hollie E. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Species Differences ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Extensive Field

Conspecific rape often increases male reproductive success. However, the haste and aggression of forced copulations suggests that males may sometimes rape heterospecific females, thus making rape a likely, but undocumented, source of hybrids between broadly sympatric species. We present evidence that heterospecific rape may be the source of hybrids between Black-footed and Laysan Albatrosses (Phoebastria nigripes, and P. immutabilis, respectively). Extensive field studies have shown that paired (but not unpaired) males of both of these albatross species use rape as a supplemental reproductive strategy. Between species differences in size, timing of laying, and aggressiveness suggest that Black-footed Albatrosses should be more successful than Laysan Albatrosses in heteropspecific rape attempts, and male Black-footed Albatrosses have been observed attempting to force copulations on female Laysan Albatrosses. Nuclear markers showed that the six hybrids we studied were F1s and mitochondrial markers showed that male Black-footed Albatrosses sired all six hybrids. The siring asymmetry found in our hybrids may have long persisted because an IM analysis suggests that long-term gene exchange between these species has been from Black-footed Albatrosses into Laysan Albatrosses. If hybrids are sired in heterospecific rapes, they presumably would be raised and sexually imprinted on Laysan Albatrosses, and two unmated hybrids in a previous study courted only Laysan Albatrosses.

The Housing Triangulation: A Discourse on Quality, Affordability and Lifestyles in India

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Urmi Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Housing Sector ◽  
Structural Patterns ◽  
Class Bias ◽  
Housing Standards

Since 1991 with the advent of globalization and economic liberalisation, basic conceptual and discursive changes are taking place in housing sector in India. The new changes suggest how housing affordability, quality and lifestyles reality is shifting for various segments of the population. Such shift not only reflects structural patterns but also stimulates an ongoing transition process. The paper highlights a twin impetus that continue to shape the ongoing transition: expanding middle class and their wealth - a category with distinctive lifestyles, desires and habits and corresponding ‘market defining’ of affordable housing standards - to articulate function of housing as a conceptualization of social reality in modern India. The paper highlights the contradictions and paradoxes, and the manner in which the concept of affordability, quality and lifestyles are embedded in both discourse and practice in India. The housing ‘dream’ currently being packaged and fed through to the middle class population has an upper middle class bias and is set to alienate those at the lower end of the middle-and low-income population. In the context of growing agreement and inevitability of market provision of ‘affordable housing’, the unbridled ‘market-defining’ of housing quality and lifestyles must be checked.

Integrating Spatial Technologies in Urban Environments for Food Security

2019 ◽  
pp. 1102-1138
Author(s):  
Edwin Joseph ◽  
Elizabeth O'Dea
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Urban Decay ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The City

Food security for the urban poor has been an important topic for both developed and developing countries over the last 15 years. Although South Bend Indiana is a city in a developed country, declining economic circumstances have caused the city to show significant urban decay somewhat similar to some cities in developing countries. In this chapter, we explore South Bend's history and economic development strategies, and review practices aimed at strengthening food security for the urban poor. The chapter documents how numerous disparate organizations have been trying to help alleviate urban poverty and hunger, and reviews previous strategies used to foster sustainable growth and development. The integration of spatial technologies will become a key factor for promoting community social networks, participatory planning, and collaboration. The case is presented for the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and associated technologies to help organizations, community leaders, local organizations, city planners, higher education institutions and the urban poor, work together to alleviate poverty and malnutrition through networking and sustainable urban agriculture.

scholarly journals Method of quantitative assessment of the regularities of natural restoration of biota in zones of technogenic disturbance by extractive enterprises

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Jury Galchenko ◽  
Julia Ozaryan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Bifurcation Point ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Natural Restoration ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Spoil Heaps ◽  
Regeneration Processes

The paper presents the results of field studies of tendencies in plant communities self-regeneration processes in the zone of their technogenic disturbance and on the surfaces of rock spoil heaps. It has been established that in the former case the key factor determining the nature of development of self-regeneration processes is the correspondence of the width of the transitional community to the length of transfer of seeds of primary plant community edificatory and assectator species. In the latter case, the key self-regeneration succession sere passes the bifurcation point at a very early stage of its development.

scholarly journals Municipal finance for housing: local government approaches to financing housing in cities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Feather
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Housing Policy ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Municipal Finance ◽  
Housing Needs ◽  
National Governments

Housing policy is usually seen as the domain of national governments, and in many countries local authorities have relinquished direct engagement in the promotion of adequate housing. High costs associated with related policies and programmes are often cited as justification for minimal involvement, leading to fewer community-level interventions on affordable formal housing. This article presents financial approaches for local government leaders and decision-makers to consider in furthering affordable access to adequate housing for their citizens. The article argues that when local governments engage on housing with innovation and financial pragmatism, the housing needs of the urban poor and vulnerable can be better served. KeywordsMunicipal finance, local government, affordable housing, fiscal policy, cities, capacity-building

scholarly journals Microbial induced acid corrosion from a field perspective - Advances in process understanding and construction material development

2018 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Cyrill Grengg ◽  
Florian Mittermayr ◽  
Neven Ukrainczyk ◽  
Eddie Koenders ◽  
Günther Koraimann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Corrosive Environments

Microbial induced acid corrosion is accounted for ~40 % of the degradation of subsurface wastewater infrastructure globally. While fundamental process understanding has increased significantly within the last decades, to date no sustainable building material exists, which meets the long-term requirements in such aggressive and corrosive environments. This work describes a novel model based on field studies, conducted in various Austrian sewer networks, intertwining biological, mineralogical and hydro-chemical factors. Additionally, an extensive field testing campaign over the duration of 18 months, conducted on different geopolymer concretes (GPC), particularly designed for the latter environments will be presented. Innovative GPCs were tested regarding their microstructural behavior, microbial accessibility and hydro-chemical alterations over time and compared to commercially produced cement based products, including OPC and CAC concretes. Additionally, the system specific environmental parameters, such as relevant gas concentrations (H2S, CO2, CH4), relative humidity and temperature were constantly monitored.

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