Trump will stay but US legislation will suffer

Significance This comes after House of Representatives Speaker Nancy Pelosi yesterday announced impeachment investigations against Trump. The Democrats suspect that Trump blocked an aid package to pressure Ukraine into investigating former Vice President Joe Biden, to undermine his position as leading contender for the 2020 Democratic presidential nomination. Impacts Trump’s wish to release transcripts could aid his defence but undermine executive branch privacy. The Republican-led Senate may initiate investigations of House Democrats. The Republicans are unlikely to drop Trump from the 2020 ticket. The Trump impeachment risk will increase if Democrats win the House and Senate in 2020. The acting director of national intelligence will testify to Congress on the whistle-blower report tomorrow.

Significance Six women ran for the 2020 Democratic presidential nomination and former Vice President Joe Biden, the presumed nominee, has committed to a female running mate for November’s election. Policies proposed by women have passed the Democratic-majority House of Representatives, led by Speaker Nancy Pelosi, since 2019. Impacts Both main parties will push to increase their number of female candidates. Winning women’s support would help Republicans regain suburban votes. Legislators will push to pass the Equality Act, extending civil rights protections for LGBTQ people.


Subject Philippines political outlook and electoral update. Significance The House of Representatives on April 7 re-convened its Mamasapano massacre hearings. The massacre's fallout is fusing the Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL), 2016 presidential and legislative elections and President Benigno 'Noynoy' Aquino's legacy in a damaging manner for Aquino, his Liberal Party, Muslim Mindanao and the Philippines. The Bangsamoro peace deal was to have been Aquino's triumph, bolstering his high popularity and aiding his chosen heir in 2016 against United Nationalist Alliance (UNA) leader and current vice-president, Jejomar Binay. The opposite is unfolding. Impacts Aquino will seek political rehabilitation, perhaps using 2016's budget; modest results are probable. Frictions between the legislature and executive may grow, further constraining legislation and Aquino's reforms. With no current front-runner, the Liberal-led coalition will seek presidential candidates, potentially exacerbating internal frictions.


Subject The debate on new rules authorising the use of military force. Significance When senators return from the summer recess, they will have to consider the 2018 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) passed by the House of Representatives on July 14. This NDAA, the annual spending plan for the US military, drew controversy because of a bipartisan amendment that would have repealed the 2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF), the legal basis for military action in the US global counterterrorism campaign. The amendment was blocked by the speaker of the House, Paul Ryan. Impacts Erratic White House policymaking will spark congressional initiatives to reassert the legislature’s authority. Congressional oversight of the armed drone programme will defer to the executive branch. Trump’s North Korea threats are generating additional scrutiny of the president’s absolute authority to order a nuclear attack.


Significance The incoming freshmen Democratic representatives, who will serve to January 2021 in the Democrats’ House of Representatives majority, include New York’s Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez. She has been termed a ‘Democratic socialist’, including by herself, the same designation used to describe veteran Senator Bernie Sanders, a possible frontrunner for the 2020 Democratic US presidential nomination. Both legislators’ ascent raises questions of what ‘Democratic socialism’ will mean for US politics. Impacts Democratic House committees will likely subpoena corporate records more often. House Democrats will push for more legislative oversight of corporate hiring, seeking more diversity and equality. Democrats will use the House to pressure regulators to reconsider evaluating monopolies for their effects on wages. The Democratic-controlled House will push to reintroduce restrictions on lobbying.


Solusi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
Johansyah Johansyah

The Constitutional Court is the executive branch of the judiciary that is independent and separate from other branches of power, namely the government (executive) and legislative institutions. The Constitutional Court as a first and last level judiciary does not have an organizational structure as large as the Supreme Court which is the peak of a judicial system whose structure is vertically and horizontally covers five judicial environments, namely the general court environment, the state administrative court environment, the religious court environment, and military court environment. As an organ of judicial power that operates the judicial function, the Constitutional Court is independent, both structurally and functionally. The functions and authorities of the Constitutional Court based on Law No. 24 of 2003, namely the Constitutional Court has the authority to hear: Test the laws against the Republic of Indonesia 1945 Constitution; Decide on authority disputes between state institutions whose authority is granted by the Republic of Indonesia 1945 Constitution; Decide the dissolution of political parties; Decide disputes about election results; Give a verdict on the opinion of the House of Representatives that the President and / or Vice-President are suspected of violating the law in the form of treason, corruption, bribery, other serious crimes, or despicable acts, or no longer fulfill the conditions as President and or Vice President, as intended in the Republic of Indonesia 1945 Constitution.


Significance This relates to its declining efficiency, increasing tensions among its members and pressures from the political parties to influence high-profile judicial investigations involving former Presidents Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner (CFK, now vice-president) and Mauricio Macri. The recent election of Horacio Rosatti as its president has been welcomed by the judiciary as a positive move that could improve the Court’s functioning. Impacts Changes in the Supreme Court will exacerbate the lack of dialogue with the executive branch. Judicial decisions with significant political implications cannot be ruled out before the next presidential election in 2023. The government’s confrontational approach towards opposition parties will make it difficult to select a replacement for Highton.


Significance At present, Republicans need to gain only five seats to take control of the House of Representatives and just one to control the Senate. Awareness that the party holding the White House usually loses seats in midterm elections is driving tactics among both Democrats and Republicans. Impacts Republicans are likely to rely on law and order issues that have proved politically successful for them in the past. Republicans will link Democratic 'softness' on illegal immigrants to rising crime and Biden’s approach to Mexican border security. Securing a Republican Congress may well lead Donald Trump to commit to running for the party’s 2024 presidential nomination.


Subject The emerging Democratic presidential candidate field and economic policy ideas before 2020. Significance With the new Congress seated and 2019 underway, more Democrats are coming forward as candidates for the party’s presidential nomination in 2020. Democrats sense that Republican President Donald Trump is electorally vulnerable, so the already large candidate field is likely to grow further. Democrats are also targeting Senate wins, hoping to control the executive and legislative branches after 2020, building on winning the House of Representatives in 2018. Impacts The 2020 Senate races map gives Democrats a better chance of winning a majority than in 2018. House Democrats face internal schisms: some progressives aim to unseat representatives seen as too moderate. If Republicans hold the Senate or White House after 2020, they will frustrate Democratic priorities. Republicans will use 2019-20 to try to win over female, suburban and ethnic minority voters, but face difficulty.


Significance This follows Trump taking to social media on April 21 to say that the investigations into his lawyer, Michael Cohen, were a “Witch Hunt”, a phrase he also often uses to describe Mueller’s Russia probe. Trump and his White House face various legal cases at present which risk becoming expansive and undermining the running of the executive branch. Some of the controversies affect Trump personally, others as president. Both could prove an unwelcome synergy for the country: what affects Trump affects the presidency. Impacts The scope and complexity of the probes facing Trump’s administration are sufficient to avoid denting Trump’s core voter base. Trump’s conservative judicial appointments could conceivably be sympathetic to the administration if cases go to court. If Democrats win the House of Representatives, Trump’s administration would likely face more conduct-related probes.


Author(s):  
Joanne Pransky

Purpose – This article is a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal as a method to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry engineer-turned entrepreneur regarding the evolution, commercialization and challenges of bringing a technological invention to market. Design/methodology/approach – The interviewee is Dr Yoky Matsuoka, the Vice President of Nest Labs. Matsuoka describes her career journey that led her from a semi-professional tennis player who wanted to build a robot tennis buddy, to a pioneer of neurobotics who then applied her multidisciplinary research in academia to the development of a mass-produced intelligent home automation device. Findings – Dr Matsuoka received a BS degree from the University of California, Berkeley and an MS and PhD in electrical engineering and computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). She was also a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Brain and Cognitive Sciences at MIT and in Mechanical Engineering at Harvard University. Dr Matsuoka was formerly the Torode Family Endowed Career Development Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Washington (UW), Director of the National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering and Ana Loomis McCandless Professor of Robotics and Mechanical Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University. In 2010, she joined Google X as one of its three founding members. She then joined Nest as VP of Technology. Originality/value – Dr Matsuoka built advanced robotic prosthetic devices and designed complementary rehabilitation strategies that enhanced the mobility of people with manipulation disabilities. Her novel work has made significant scientific and engineering contributions in the combined fields of mechanical engineering, neuroscience, bioengineering, robotics and computer science. Dr Matsuoka was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in which she used the Genius Award money to establish a nonprofit corporation, YokyWorks, to continue developing engineering solutions for humans with physical disabilities. Other awards include the Emerging Inventor of the Year, UW Medicine; IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Early Academic Career Award; Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers; and numerous others. She leads the development of the learning and control technology for the Nest smoke detector and Thermostat, which has saved the USA hundreds of billions of dollars in energy expenses. Nest was sold to Google in 2013 for a record $3.2 billion dollars in cash.


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