Bulgaria will have a new four-party government

Headline BULGARIA: New four-party government will be formed

Significance The non-party government of former EU Commissioner Dacian Ciolos took office on November 17 after the Ponta government stood down. Much of the previous administration's budget projections have been carried over, but the new draft also raises spending on investment, education and health, widening the projected deficit to 2.95% of 2016 GDP from 1.8% in 2015. Impacts PSD could insist on the budget including a rise in the minimum wage, but the government wants to assess its impact first. Parliamentary parties back the government publicly, but are manoeuvring for advantage with an eye to elections in late 2016. Key economic policies include infrastructure investment, improved administrative standards and tax collection, and absorption of EU funds.


Significance Arguably the greatest challenge for his three-party government, which includes the Greens and Free Democrats (FDP), will be addressing the need to transform Germany’s economy for the 21st century, particularly the digital and green transformations. Impacts The new government will seek to make legal immigration rules more flexible to offset the impact of Germany's ageing population. The global shortage of semiconductors will slow the recovery for Germany’s auto-mobile industry. Germany’s export dependence on China will make Berlin reluctant to adopt a hardline stance on Beijing.


Subject UK public policy. Significance Preparations for Brexit have continued for almost three years. This, compounded by a deeply divided Parliament and a very fragile government, has compromised vital public policy areas. Impacts The creation of public bodies will increase to deal with Brexit-related policies. Military and infrastructure projects are most at risk of being delayed by disproportionate resource allocation for Brexit. A future Eurosceptic Conservative Party government or a Corbyn Labour government would shift UK foreign relations.


Subject Outlook for the Dutch government. Significance The popularity of Prime Minister Mark Rutte’s four-party government has decreased in recent months amid workers’ protests and controversy over parts of its new climate deal. Having lost its majority in both houses, the government will struggle to pass legislation in order to strengthen its track record ahead of the 2021 election unless it compromises with the opposition, which will likely alienate core supporters. Impacts The priority given to social spending will likely mean the Netherlands will not reach the NATO goal of 2% of GDP defence spending by 2025. Climate legislation is now far more likely to be contested and amended in parliament, as it cannot be passed without opposition parties. Rutte’s departure would be an important loss for the EU, given his strong support for EU cooperation and negotiating skills.


Significance As part of the 2015 Paris Agreement, Canada has committed to a national target of 30% reductions in carbon emissions from 2005 levels by 2030. However, figures released in April show Canada's emissions were down just 0.7% in 2015 from the previous year, amounting to an overshoot of 200 million tonnes compared with the pledged reduction. Phasing out coal power plants in Alberta and elsewhere and adopting stricter methane regulations will help achieve targets, but this may be offset by new oil sands development. Impacts The New Democratic Party government in Alberta may be caught between a conservative coalition at home and Greens in British Columbia. New natural gas plants may come online in Ontario if the Progressive Conservatives defeat Kathleen Wynne's Liberals next year. Closure of coal-fired power plants in Canada will contribute to a dwindling of export markets for US coal producers.


Subject Finland's new government. Significance Over the next six months, Finland’s new five-party government will be fighting on two fronts: it seeks to increase government spending in areas such as welfare and climate change at home, and simultaneously use its six-month term in charge of the EU presidency to support ambitious international reforms related to climate change. Impacts The government’s failure to deliver targets could bring the right-wing populist Finns Party to power in the next election. The implementation of 'sin taxes' could backfire, with studies suggesting that they hit the working class most in the immediate term. Selling company holdings to increase government revenue could create distrust between unions and the left-wing parties in government.


Significance Finland looks set to be the next euro-area country to see the ousting of a government made unpopular by austerity and low growth, in favour of an opposition force. However, the Finns Party -- the populist Euro-sceptic opposition -- have lost support in recent years, and may enter government only as a third partner. Impacts In the medium term, euro-area recovery could revive Finnish exports and growth. In the short term, more unpopular austerity measures are in prospect, potentially complicating the new government's life from early on. A government including the Finns Party is likely to take a hard line against further euro-area support for the bloc's troubled economies. Without the National Coalition Party, government enthusiasm for NATO membership is likely to fall. The new government is likely to tone down its predecessor's tough language against Russia.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon S.T. Quah

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain why Singapore has succeeded in curbing the problem of police corruption and to identify the six lessons which other Asian countries can learn from Singapore's experience. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyzes the causes of police corruption in Singapore during the British colonial period and describes the measures adopted by the People's Action Party government after assuming office in June 1959 to curb police corruption. The effectiveness of these measures is assessed by referring to Singapore's perceived extent of corruption according to three international indicators and the reported cases of police corruption from 1965 to 2011. Findings – The Singapore Police Force has succeeded in minimizing police corruption by improving salaries and working conditions, cooperating with the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau, enhancing its recruitment and selection procedures, providing training and values education for its members, and adopting administrative measures to reduce the opportunities for corruption. Other Asian countries afflicted with rampant police corruption can learn six lessons from Singapore's success. Originality/value – This paper will be of interest to those policy makers, scholars, and anti-corruption practitioners, who are interested in learning how Singapore has succeeded in curbing police corruption.


2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Qiaozhuan Liang ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Yuanmei (Elly) Qu

Purpose This study aims to focus on three types of team faultlines (separation-based faultlines, variety-based faultlines and disparity-based faultlines) and discuss the different ways through which their configurational properties (faultline strength and faultline distance) affect team performance. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopted panel data regression analysis to test the model. Panel data of Chinese provincial party-government top cadres teams that covers 30 provincial areas from 2007 to 2012 were collected for data analyses. Findings The results revealed that separation-based faultline strength was negatively related to team performance, variety-based faultline strength had a U-shape relationship with team performance and disparity-based faultline strength had an inversed U-shape relationship with team performance. In addition, separation-based and disparity-based faultline distances served as moderators enhancing the curvilinear relationship between faultline strength and team performance. Notably, variety-based faultline distance failed to exaggerate the U-shape relationship between variety-based faultline strength and team performance; however, the relationship changed based on different levels of variety-based faultline distance. Originality/value This study discussed team configurations based on three types of faultlines by comparing differences between team configurations reflected by diversity and faultline strength. Settled in Chinese political context, this study empirically tested the interaction effects between faultline strength and distance on team performance.


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