Reform of Germany’s economy faces serious challenges

Significance Arguably the greatest challenge for his three-party government, which includes the Greens and Free Democrats (FDP), will be addressing the need to transform Germany’s economy for the 21st century, particularly the digital and green transformations. Impacts The new government will seek to make legal immigration rules more flexible to offset the impact of Germany's ageing population. The global shortage of semiconductors will slow the recovery for Germany’s auto-mobile industry. Germany’s export dependence on China will make Berlin reluctant to adopt a hardline stance on Beijing.

Prevalence and risk for overweight among employees in a leading auto-mobile industry in India

Background: Overweight is a major risk factor for the non-communicable diseases. India is home to nearly 164 million industrial workers (2017) and yet information about prevalence and risk of overweight among them is limited. Being overweight can adversely affect a person's productivity in his workplace and increase the risk of non-communicable diseases. The objective was to assess the prevalence of overweight and association between overweight and employee age, type of work and native origin.Methods: The longitudinal analysis was conducted using periodical medical examination (PME) data of employees from 2010-2018. Relevant data were collected. Year-wise prevalence of overweight was estimated along with specific prevalence by age, type of work and region.Results: The mean weight of employees increased from 68.1 kgs to 72.6 kgs (2010-2018). Overweight proportion was significantly higher in non-production departments. Overweight prevalence ranged between 15-29.8% among Karnataka regions in 2010 in production employees but reached 35-55.6% by 2018. Significant association was found between overweight with type of work and region.Conclusions: The increase in weight over time indicates the trend of overweight and weight reduction interventions are needed in workplaces to prevent the risk of NCDs.

Network Amelioration, AI Automation and Future Integration in Wireless Networks

The deployment of 5G mobile communication networks is just getting started right now. There are numerous technologies available today, each capable of fulfilling activities such as enabling voice traffic via voice over IP (VoIP), providing broadband data access in mobile environments, and so on. However, there is a pressing need to implement technology that can bring all of these systems together into a single unified system. Because it is all about smoothly integrating terminals, networks, and applications, 8G presents a solution to this dilemma. In this work, an attempt is made to provide a study of various cellular technologies, such as 4G, 5G, 6G, 7G, and FG, as well as a detailed comparison between them. With the introduction of network virtualization and the implementation of 5G/IoT, mobile networks will become more complicated and offer more diverse services. This raises concerns about a considerable increase in the workload of network operations. Meanwhile, artificial intelligence (AI) is advancing rapidly and is projected to alleviate human resource shortages in a variety of industries. Similarly, the mobile industry is gaining traction in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to network operations in order to improve the efficiency of mobile network operations. This paper will address the idea of using AI technology to network operations and will give various use examples to demonstrate that AI-driven network operations have a bright future. Keywords: 5G & 6G networks, Artificial Intelligence, Next generation network, Future Advancement.

A 3.0 Gsymbol/s/lane MIPI C-PHY Receiver with Adaptive Level-Dependent Equalizer for Mobile CMOS Image Sensor

A 3.0 Gsymbol/s/lane receiver is proposed herein to acquire near-grounded high-speed signals for the mobile industry processor interface (MIPI) C-PHY version 1.1 specification used for CMOS image sensor interfaces. Adaptive level-dependent equalization is also proposed to improve the signal integrity of the high-speed receivers receiving three-level signals. The proposed adaptive level-dependent equalizer (ALDE) is optimized by adjusting the duty cycle ratio of the clock recovered from the received data to 50%. A pre-determined data pattern transmitted from a MIPI C-PHY transmitter is established to perform the adaptive level-dependent equalization. The proposed MIPI C-PHY receiver with three data lanes is implemented using a 65 nm CMOS process with a 1.2 V supply voltage. The power consumption and area of each lane are 4.9 mW/Gsymbol/s/lane and 0.097 mm2, respectively. The proposed ALDE improves the peak-to-peak time jitter of 12 ps and 34 ps, respectively, for the received data and the recovered clock at a symbol rate of 3 Gsymbol/s/lane. Additionally, the duty cycle ratio of the recovered clock is improved from 42.8% to 48.3%.

Integrating Approach to Build Customer Experiences: Lessons Learned from Mobile Customers in Ghana

Delivering a great customer experience is of paramount importance for any organization. The better experience customers have regarding the organization’s products, or brands, the more repeat purchases and positive reviews they will receive. This paper explores the mobile mix as an integrated approach to facilitate a positive customer experience. A total of 415 respondents were selected and completed the survey through stratification and convenient sampling from10 regions. The study adopted a positivistic paradigm and followed a quantitative research approach. The SPSS Amos 25 was utilized to analyze the collected data. The empirical results revealed that the mobile service mix has a significant positive influence and relationship with customer experiences. This paper provides relevant and practical recommendations that could increase positive customer experiences in the mobile industry.

Efficiency of Malware Detection in Android System: A Survey

Smart phones are becoming essential in our lives, and Android is one of the most popular operating systems. Android OS is wide-ranging in the mobile industry today because of its open-source architecture. It is a wide variety of applications and basic features. App users tend to trust Android OS to secure data, but it has been shown that Android is more vulnerable and unstable. Identification of Android OS malware has become an emerging research subject of concern. This paper aims to analyze the various characteristics involved in malware detection. It also addresses malware detection methods. The current detection mechanism utilizes algorithms such as Bayesian algorithm, Ada grad algorithm, Naïve Bayes algorithm, Hybrid algorithm, and other algorithms for machine learning to train the sets and find the malware.

A INDOOR POSITION ROUTING (IPR) AND DATA MONITOR USING BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (iBEACON-BLE): AN IMPLEMENTATION STUDY

Rapid advancements in mobile industry have emerged new technological ideas and applications for researchers by allowing smart devices over the last decade. In recent years, the need for Indoor Position Routing (IPR) and Location-Based Advertisements (LBA) systems are increasingly common, IPR and LBA systems have been becoming very popular. Nowadays, it has become possible to create software and hardware applications for IPR and LBA in indoor environments, thanks to developments of different technologies. The development of the system should be based on low-cost technology, it should be suitable for integration and indoors operation. New options and possibilities for indoor locations are presented by the iBeacon-Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radio protocol. iBeacon-BLE supports portable battery-powered system that can be smoothly distributed at low cost giving it distinct advantages over Wi-Fi. Therefore, in this study, a technological infrastructure is created to solve the navigation problem in closed locations using iBeacon-BLE technology, a data monitoring information system is proposed for smart devices of currently available technology for IPR, LBA with using iBeacon-BLE. The localization of the objects based on iBeacon-BLE and their combination are determined using the measured data with the developed application. To build an IPR system for indoor environments, the available hardware, software, and network technologies are presented. The concept of the indoor monitoring system and the technologies can be used to develop the IPR system are presented. This system is made up of iBeacon-BLE sensor nodes, a smart device and a mobile application that provides IPR and LBA services by measuring the distance between Transmitter (TX) and Receiver (RX). The proposed model uses the trilateration method, it allows the mobile application to determine the exact location of the object at the micro-level size. The proposed model uses sensory data to identify and trilateration the object’s position.

Transparent Electromagnetic Shielding Film Utilizing Imprinting-Based Micro Patterning Technology

Utilization of methods involving component integration has accelerated, owing to the growth of the smart mobile industry. However, this integration leads to interference issues between the components, thereby elucidating the importance of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding technology to solve such issues. EMI shielding technology has been previously implemented via the reflection or absorption of electromagnetic waves by using conductive materials. Nevertheless, to tackle the recent changes in the industry, a transparent and flexible EMI shielding technology is necessitated. In this study, a transparent and flexible EMI shielding material was fabricated by filling a conductive binder in a film comprising an intaglio pattern; this was achieved by using the ultraviolet (UV) imprinting technology to realize mass production. Subsequently, changes in the aperture ratio and shielding characteristics were analyzed according to the structure of the pattern. Based on this analysis, a square pattern was designed and a film with an intaglio pattern was developed through a UV imprinting process. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the transmittance, conductivity, and EMI shielding rate of the film were altered while changing the coating thickness of the conductive particles in the intaglio pattern. The final film prepared in this study exhibited characteristics that satisfied the required EMI shielding performance for electric and electronic applications, while achieving flexible structural stability and transparency.

Lossless Decompression Accelerator for Embedded Processor with GUI

The development of the mobile industry brings about the demand for high-performance embedded systems in order to meet the requirement of user-centered application. Because of the limitation of memory resource, employing compressed data is efficient for an embedded system. However, the workload for data decompression causes an extreme bottleneck to the embedded processor. One of the ways to alleviate the bottleneck is to integrate a hardware accelerator along with the processor, constructing a system-on-chip (SoC) for the embedded system. In this paper, we propose a lossless decompression accelerator for an embedded processor, which supports LZ77 decompression and static Huffman decoding for an inflate algorithm. The accelerator is implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) to verify the functional suitability and fabricated in a Samsung 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. The performance of the accelerator is evaluated by the Canterbury corpus benchmark and achieved throughput up to 20.7 MB/s at 50 MHz system clock frequency.