Determinants of public–private partnerships: a state-level empirical analysis of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simrit Kaur ◽  
Sakshi Malik
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
State Level ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Sector Development ◽  
Physical Infrastructure

PurposeIn view of the significance of public–private partnerships (PPPs) as a tool for bridging infrastructure deficits, it becomes imperative to study its determinants. The objective of this paper is to empirically study the determinants of PPPs in India at a subnational level, in terms of both number and value of PPP projects.Design/methodology/approachThis study investigates the determinants of value and number of Indian PPPs at a subnational level for the period 2008–2017. The determinants are analyzed using two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) and negative binomial regression. Select correlates examined are market size, fiscal compulsions, institutional quality, financial sector development and physical infrastructure.FindingsThe results indicate that fiscal compulsions, financial sector development and physical infrastructure influence PPPs favorably, whereas low institutional quality impacts PPPs adversely. A pertinent finding of this study is that the past value of PPPs lowers the current year's PPP value.Practical implicationsThe findings are expected to assist subnational governments and policymakers in formulating policies that attract more PPP projects (in terms of both value and number).Originality/valueThis is the first study that analyzes the determinants of infrastructure PPPs at a subnational level in India.

Inflation and financial sector development in Sub-Saharan African countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 798-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kagochi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Sector Development ◽  
Sector Performance ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the link between inflation and the financial sector performance in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Design/methodology/approach The study analyzes the relationship between inflation and the financial sector performance for selected 22 Sub-Saharan countries from 1980 to 2013. The study used panel data and the dynamic panel generalized method of moments econometric method. The study concentrates on the link between inflation and the development of the banking sector. Findings The findings suggest that inflation does not promote financial sector development in SSA region while trade openness has a positive impact on the selected financial development indicators. Other variables that enhance financial development in SSA include government expenditure and good governance. Practical implications The main policy implication of the study is that in order for SSA countries to benefit from a deeper and more active financial sectors, the rates of inflation must be maintained low and be consistently under control. Also, for SSA region financial sectors to become deeper and more active it is crucial to develop stronger economic institutions including independent central banks and sound fiscal authorities. Originality/value The study differs from previous studies as it includes more (22) countries from SSA region while previous studies were either regional or country specific. The study also incorporates trade openness and the role of institutional quality in enhancing financial development. This differentiates the study from previous studies on the subject from the region.

Financial sector transparency and bank interest margins: do quality of political and financial regulatory institutions matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baah Aye Kusi
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Indicator ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Interest Margins ◽  
Regulatory Institutions ◽  
Financial Regulatory

Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of private (PRST) and public (PUST) sector-led financial sector transparencies on bank interest margins (BIM) termed as social cost of financial intermediation in different institutional quality setups. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a two-step dynamic generalized method of moments panel data and bootstrapped quantile models with 91 economies between 2004 and 2016. Data is sourced from World Development Indicator and Global Development Finance databases. Findings The results show that under strong and weak political and financial regulatory institutional setups, the reducing effect of PRST on BIM are observed and reported while the full sample reports no significant nexus between PRST and PUST on BIM. Furthermore, under political institutional quality sample, economies with strong corruption control and regulatory quality are able to reinforce the dampening effect of PRST on BIM while under the same political institutional quality sample, economies with weak rule of law are able to heighten the reducing effect of PRST on BIM. Moreover, under financial regulator institutional quality sample, economies with strong overall weighted and unweighted, chief executive officer and policy dependent central banks are able to intensify the diminishing effect of PRST on BIM while under the same financial regulator institutional quality sample, economies with weak limits on lending are able to amplify the reducing effect of PRST on BIM. However, PUST is reported to propel lower levels BIM in the bootstrap models, especially in strong institutional economies. Practical implications These findings imply that policymakers may rely on PRST to reduce BIM, especially under financial regulatory institutional quality. Additionally, economies must be careful on their reliance on PRST because the effectiveness of PRST to tame high BIM is dependent on the strength of political and financial regulatory institutions. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study presents first time international evidence on the effect of private and public sector-led financial transparency on BIM in strong and weak political and financial regulatory institution economies.

Does openness enhance financial sector development? The experience of the Arab world

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedal Al-Fayoumi ◽  
Bana Abuzayed
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Capital Account ◽  
Financial Openness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Sector Development ◽  
Openness To Trade

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine if the simultaneous openness to trade and capital account can promote financial sector development. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a sample of 12 Arab countries over the period from 1985 to 2011, the data were analyzed using the dynamic and static panel data analysis. In particular, the authors apply three estimate techniques: the generalized method of moments, fixed effects and random effects. Findings – The empirical results do not support the simultaneous openness hypothesis. Even trade and financial openness have an important separate role in enhancing financial sector development; their interaction effect is harmful. This empirical evidence indicates that opening Arab countries to both trade and capital account will not necessarily promote financial sector development. Research limitations/implications – Some Arab countries are not included in the study sample because of the lack of data. Practical implications – The main implication of this study is: opening Arab countries for trade and capital account at the same time will not improve the development of financial sector. Social implications – The paper examines one of the most important issues in developing countries; where, the people want to know if the country openness to trade and finance will generate a social and economic welfare for them. Originality/value – This study can be considered as one of the rare studies that examine the simultaneous openness issue in the developing countries. It recommends regulators and policy makers to take gradual steps toward adopting trade and financial openness in the Arab countries.

Patient hospital experience and satisfaction on social media

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhajit Chakraborty ◽  
E. Mitchell Church
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Care Team ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show the value of open-ended narrative patient reviews on social media for elucidating aspects of hospital patient satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach Mixed methods analyses using qualitative (manual content analyses using grounded theory and algorithmic analyses using the Natural Language Toolkit) followed by quantitative analyses (negative binomial regression). Findings Health-care team communication, health-care team action orientation and patient hospital room environment are positively related to patient hospital satisfaction. Patients form their hospital satisfaction perceptions based on the three facets of their hospital stay experience. Research limitations/implications In the spirit of continuous quality improvement, periodically analyzing patient social media comments could help health-care teams understand the patient satisfaction inhibitors that they need to avoid to offer patient-centric care. Practical implications By periodically analyzing patient social media comments hospital leaders can quickly identify the gaps in their health service delivery and plug them, which could ultimately give the hospital a competitive advantage. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first studies to apply mixed methods to patient hospital review comments given freely on social media to critically understand what drives patient hospital satisfaction ratings.

How marketer-generated content characteristics affect consumer engagement? Empirical evidence from China's WeChat food marketing

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Tan ◽  
Weiping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Body Text ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Food Marketing ◽  
Consumer Engagement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Media Research ◽  
Text Content

Purpose Leveraging marketer-generated content (MGC) can increase firms' success. However, few studies uncover the effects of MGC-related attributes on consumer engagement in the context of food marketing. This paper aims to explore the influence of MGC characteristics (valence, content types, vividness and interactivity) on consumer engagement.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses WeChat official account data of seven food companies from China and conducts negative binomial regression models.FindingsThe findings indicate that different MGC-related characteristics have separate impacts on consumer WeChat engagement. Title valence, transactional title content and title with punctuation vividness negatively affect consumers' consuming engagement. Knowledgeable or entertaining title content and title with interactivity both positively affect consumers' consuming engagement. Moreover, transactional body text content negatively influences consumers' contributing engagement, whereas entertaining body text content shows positive effects. Vivid and interactive MGC body text attributes enhance consumers' contributing engagement behavior.Originality/value This study contributes to social media research in food marketplaces and sheds light on the effect of different WeChat MGC characteristics on separate consumer engagement.

scholarly journals Credit composition and income inequality in Vietnam: an empirical analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Quoc Hoi ◽  
Hương Lan Trần
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Private Credit ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the credit composition and income inequality reduction in Vietnam. In particular, the authors focus on the distinction between policy and commercial credits and investigate whether these two types of credit had adverse effects on income inequality. The authors also examine whether the impact of policy credit on income inequality is conditioned by the educational level and institutional quality.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the primary data set, which contains a panel of 60 provinces collected from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam from 2002 to 2016. The authors employ the generalized method of moments to solve the endogenous problem.FindingsThe authors show that while commercial credit increases income inequality, policy credit contributes to reducing income inequality in Vietnam. In addition, we provide evidence that the institutional quality and educational level condition the impact of policy credit on income inequality. Based on the findings, the paper implies that it was not the size of the private credit but its composition that mattered in reducing income inequality, due to the asymmetric effects of different types of credit.Originality/valueThis is the first study that examines the links between the two components of credit and income inequality as well as constraints of the links. The authors argue that analyzing the separate effects of commercial and policy credits is more important for explaining the role of credit in income inequality than the size of total credit.

Macroeconomic fundamentals, institutional quality and shadow economy in OIC and non-OIC countries

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabeer Khan ◽  
Mohd Ziaur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Macroeconomic Fundamentals ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between macroeconomic fundamentals, intuitional quality and shadow economy.Design/methodology/approachBy utilizing data setspanning from 2004 to 2015 of 141 countries, the study has employed advanced panel technique, i.e. Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method. In order to check consistency of the results, the study also used fixed effect and random effect for robustness.FindingsThe study finds that for the full sample, institutional quality has negative effect on shadow economy while macroeconomic fundaments effect shadow economy differently. After splitting the sample into Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and non-OIC countries subsamples, it observes same influence of macroeconomic fundaments and institutional quality on shadow economy, but the effect of macroeconomic fundaments and institutional quality on shadow economy is less observed for OIC countries. The results are found consistence by using different estimation methods.Originality/valueThe current literature has focused on estimating the size of shadow economy and literature linking the macroeconomic fundaments, institutional quality and shadow economy is scarce. Additionally, this study provides the evidence for cross comparison between OIC economies and non-OIC economies.

The role of online leadership in open collaborative innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (9) ◽  
pp. 1969-1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Mu ◽  
Yiyang Bian ◽  
J. Leon Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Leadership Behaviors ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Joint Effects ◽  
Collaborative Innovation ◽  
Online Leadership ◽  
Task Oriented

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the roles of online leadership in open collaborative innovation success by extending functional leadership theory in the context of open source projects. Design/methodology/approach This study uses negative binomial regression models to empirically test the proposed hypotheses with samples of blockchain open source projects on GitHub. Findings The results indicate that task-oriented leadership behaviors in forms of technical contributions have little influence on open collaborative innovation success; relation-oriented leadership behaviors embedded in internal social capital and external social capital contribute to open collaborative innovation success prominently. Furthermore, the joint effects of technical contributions, internal social capital and community commitment with openness orientation are positively significant on open collaborative innovation success, respectively. Practical implications For leaders and participants of open collaborative innovation projects, they should attach importance to both leadership behaviors and the joint effects with openness orientation so as to make informed decisions. Originality/value This study offers a new fine-grained framework of open collaborative innovation success by investigating specific dimensions of task-oriented and relation-orientated leadership behaviors, as well as their joint effects with openness orientation.

scholarly journals Temporal Trends in Opioid Prescribing Patterns Among Oncologists in the Medicare Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Jairam ◽  
Daniel X Yang ◽  
Saamir Pasha ◽  
Pamela R Soulos ◽  
Cary P Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
State Level ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Opioid Prescribing

Abstract Background In the wake of the US opioid epidemic, there have been efforts to curb opioid prescribing. However, it is unknown whether these efforts have affected prescribing among oncologists, whose patients often require opioids for symptom management. We investigated temporal patterns in opioid prescribing for Medicare beneficiaries among oncologists and nononcologists. Methods We queried the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Part D prescriber dataset for all physicians between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017. We used population-averaged multivariable negative binomial regression to estimate the association between time and per-provider opioid and gabapentinoid prescribing rate, defined as the annual number of drug claims (original prescriptions and refills) per beneficiary, among oncologists and nononcologists on a national and state level. Results From 2013 to 2017, the national opioid-prescribing rate declined by 20.7% (P < .001) among oncologists and 22.8% (P < .001) among non oncologists. During this time frame, prescribing of gabapentin increased by 5.9% (P < .001) and 23.1% (P < .001) among oncologists and nononcologists, respectively. Among palliative care providers, opioid prescribe increased by 15.3% (P < .001). During the 5-year period, 43 states experienced a decrease (P < .05) in opioid prescribing among oncologists, and in 5 states, opioid prescribing decreased more among oncologists than nononcologists (P < .05). Conclusions Between 2013 and 2017, the opioid-prescribing rate statistically significantly decreased nationwide among oncologists and nononcologists, respectively. Given similar declines in opioid prescribing among oncologists and nononcologists, there is concern that opioid-prescribing guidelines intended for the noncancer population are being applied inappropriately to patients with cancer and cancer survivors.

Faculty research productivity under alternative appointment types: tenure vs non-tenure track

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1348-1357
Author(s):  
Marcus T. Allen ◽  
Carol A. Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Tenure Track ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The increasing use of non-tenure employment contracting as a cost savings and/or management flexibility increasing mechanism in colleges and universities raises concerns about the impact of this strategy on other aspects of the higher education system. The purpose of this paper is to document reduced research productivity at a university that uses rolling contracts in comparison to research productivity at another university in the same state university system in the USA that uses tenure track contracting. Design/methodology/approach Negative binomial regression analysis allows investigation of the primary variable of interest (appointment type) while controlling for other factors that may also affect research productivity. Findings The findings suggest that non-tenure track employment contracting may have other long-term implications for institutions of higher education that warrant consideration. Originality/value No prior study has investigated the topic of comparative research productivity in business schools using this methodology or data source.

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