scholarly journals On the Protection of Private Information in Machine Learning Systems: Two Recent Approches

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Abadi ◽  
Ulfar Erlingsson ◽  
Ian Goodfellow ◽  
H. Brendan McMahan ◽  
Ilya Mironov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Learning Systems

Platform for Analysing and Encouraging Student Activity on Contest and E-learning Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Bojan Kostadinov ◽  
Mile Jovanov ◽  
Emil STANKOV
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Student Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Analyse Data

Data collection and machine learning are changing the world. Whether it is medicine, sports or education, companies and institutions are investing a lot of time and money in systems that gather, process and analyse data. Likewise, to improve competitiveness, a lot of countries are making changes to their educational policy by supporting STEM disciplines. Therefore, it’s important to put effort into using various data sources to help students succeed in STEM. In this paper, we present a platform that can analyse student’s activity on various contest and e-learning systems, combine and process the data, and then present it in various ways that are easy to understand. This in turn enables teachers and organizers to recognize talented and hardworking students, identify issues, and/or motivate students to practice and work on areas where they’re weaker.

scholarly journals A Review of Recent Deep Learning Approaches in Human-Centered Machine Learning

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2514
Author(s):  
Tharindu Kaluarachchi ◽  
Andrew Reis ◽  
Suranga Nanayakkara
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Real World Application

After Deep Learning (DL) regained popularity recently, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Machine Learning (ML) field is undergoing rapid growth concerning research and real-world application development. Deep Learning has generated complexities in algorithms, and researchers and users have raised concerns regarding the usability and adoptability of Deep Learning systems. These concerns, coupled with the increasing human-AI interactions, have created the emerging field that is Human-Centered Machine Learning (HCML). We present this review paper as an overview and analysis of existing work in HCML related to DL. Firstly, we collaborated with field domain experts to develop a working definition for HCML. Secondly, through a systematic literature review, we analyze and classify 162 publications that fall within HCML. Our classification is based on aspects including contribution type, application area, and focused human categories. Finally, we analyze the topology of the HCML landscape by identifying research gaps, highlighting conflicting interpretations, addressing current challenges, and presenting future HCML research opportunities.

scholarly journals Explainable AI: A Review of Machine Learning Interpretability Methods

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Pantelis Linardatos ◽  
Vasilis Papastefanopoulos ◽  
Sotiris Kotsiantis
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Industrial Adoption ◽  
Machine Learning Models ◽  
The Way

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to its widespread industrial adoption, with machine learning systems demonstrating superhuman performance in a significant number of tasks. However, this surge in performance, has often been achieved through increased model complexity, turning such systems into “black box” approaches and causing uncertainty regarding the way they operate and, ultimately, the way that they come to decisions. This ambiguity has made it problematic for machine learning systems to be adopted in sensitive yet critical domains, where their value could be immense, such as healthcare. As a result, scientific interest in the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), a field that is concerned with the development of new methods that explain and interpret machine learning models, has been tremendously reignited over recent years. This study focuses on machine learning interpretability methods; more specifically, a literature review and taxonomy of these methods are presented, as well as links to their programming implementations, in the hope that this survey would serve as a reference point for both theorists and practitioners.

scholarly journals An Empirical Study of Refactorings and Technical Debt in Machine Learning Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Tang ◽  
Raffi Khatchadourian ◽  
Mehdi Bagherzadeh ◽  
Rhia Singh ◽  
Ajani Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Technical Debt

scholarly journals Enhancing robustness of machine learning systems via data transformations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Nitin Bhagoji ◽  
Daniel Cullina ◽  
Chawin Sitawarin ◽  
Prateek Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Data Transformations

Derivation of Constituent Problem Characteristics for the Application of Machine Learning Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunther Schuh ◽  
Paul Scholz ◽  
Timon Burger
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Systems

Cardiovascular Diseases Classification Via Machine Learning Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadheela Hussain ◽  
Mustafa Hammad ◽  
Wael El-Medany ◽  
Riadh Ksantini
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Learning Systems

From a Data Science Driven Process to a Continuous Delivery Process for Machine Learning Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-201
Author(s):  
Lucy Ellen Lwakatare ◽  
Ivica Crnkovic ◽  
Ellinor Rånge ◽  
Jan Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Continuous Delivery

Contextual Integrity Up and Down the Data Food Chain

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Nissenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Civic Life ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Contextual Integrity ◽  
Information Type ◽  
Motion Detectors

Abstract According to the theory of contextual integrity (CI), privacy norms prescribe information flows with reference to five parameters — sender, recipient, subject, information type, and transmission principle. Because privacy is grasped contextually (e.g., health, education, civic life, etc.), the values of these parameters range over contextually meaningful ontologies — of information types (or topics) and actors (subjects, senders, and recipients), in contextually defined capacities. As an alternative to predominant approaches to privacy, which were ineffective against novel information practices enabled by IT, CI was able both to pinpoint sources of disruption and provide grounds for either accepting or rejecting them. Mounting challenges from a burgeoning array of networked, sensor-enabled devices (IoT) and data-ravenous machine learning systems, similar in form though magnified in scope, call for renewed attention to theory. This Article introduces the metaphor of a data (food) chain to capture the nature of these challenges. With motion up the chain, where data of higher order is inferred from lower-order data, the crucial question is whether privacy norms governing lower-order data are sufficient for the inferred higher-order data. While CI has a response to this question, a greater challenge comes from data primitives, such as digital impulses of mouse clicks, motion detectors, and bare GPS coordinates, because they appear to have no meaning. Absent a semantics, they escape CI’s privacy norms entirely.

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