Gamification - A real world example The power of intermittent reinforcement in event driven surveillance

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Aud
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Intermittent Reinforcement ◽  
Event Driven

Summary

2018 ◽  
pp. 277-306
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Service Integration ◽  
Service Provisioning ◽  
The Real ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Dynamic Coordination ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Integration Problem ◽  
Architectural Perspective

In previous chapters, the design of IoT services using the streamlining and integration principle was discussed. In this chapter, a summary is given of how to use these principles to achieve IoT service provisioning, and an example is given. The event streamlining problem is first discussed from an IoT service provisioning perspective, involving how to efficiently disseminate the sensing events among event producers and consumers on demand. The service integration problem is then considered, which requires dynamic coordination of the relevant IoT services based on events occurring in the real world. An EDSOA is abstracted from the perspective of utilizing the advantages of EDA and SOA, and the streamlining and integration principle is viewed from an architectural perspective. A combination of SOA and EDA can easily support the on-demand dissemination of sensing information and event-driven service dynamic coordination. The example used here is a deployed CMCS application.

scholarly journals Neuromorphic object localization using resistive memories and ultrasonic transducers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Moro ◽  
Emmanuel Hardy ◽  
Bruno Fain ◽  
Thomas Dalgaty ◽  
Paul Clemencon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Real World ◽  
Object Localization ◽  
System Level ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Present Measurement ◽  
Localization Model ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Memory Event

Abstract Real-world sensory-processing applications require compact, low-latency, and low-power computing systems. Enabled by their in-memory event-driven computing abilities, hybrid memristive-CMOS neuromorphic architectures provide an ideal hardware substrate for such tasks. To demonstrate the full potential of such systems, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an end-to-end sensory processing solution for a real-world object localization application. Drawing inspiration from the barn owl’s neuroanatomy, we developed a bio-mimetic, event-driven object localization system that couples state-of-the-art piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (pMUT) sensors to a neuromorphic resistive memories-based computational map. We present measurement results from the fabricated system comprising resistive memories-based coincidence detectors, delay line circuits, and a full-custom pMUT sensor. We use these experimental results to calibrate our system-level simulations. These simulations are then used to estimate the angular resolution and energy efficiency of the object localization model. The results reveal the potential of our approach, evaluated in orders of magnitude greater energy efficiency than a microcontroller performing the same task.

scholarly journals Risk-Taking Behaviors and Adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Users of Geosocial Networking Apps: Real-Word, Multicenter Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Zhenxing Chu ◽  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Willa Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Real World ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Adherence Assessment ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Geosocial Networking ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

BACKGROUND Over half of men who have sex with men (MSM) use geosocial networking (GSN) apps to encounter sex partners. GSN apps’ users have become a unique large subpopulation among MSM for interventions concerning HIV prevention and control. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising measure for HIV prevention, especially for MSM, but its effectiveness largely depends on medication adherence. However, little is known about PrEP adherence among GSN apps’ users, which is critical to addressing the overall optimization of PrEP compliance outside of clinical trials in the context of large-scale implementation. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to understand the correlation between GSN apps’ use and medication adherence among MSM receiving PrEP, with the aim to increase their awareness about PrEP use in order to increase adherence. METHODS This study based on the China Real-world Oral intake of PrEP (CROPrEP) project, a multicenter, real-world study of Chinese MSM on daily and event-driven PrEP. Eligible participants completed a detailed computer-assisted self-interview on sociodemographic, GSN apps’ use, and sexual behavior. Then participants were followed up for 12 months and assessed for various characteristics (eg, PrEP delivery, adherence assessment, PrEP coverage of sexual activities, and regimens switch). A generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the predictors of medication adherence and regimen conversion among GSN apps’ users and nonusers. RESULTS At baseline, 756 of the 1023 eligible participants (73.90%) reported primarily using GSN apps to seek sexual partners, and GSN apps’ users are more likely to have high-risk behaviors such as multiple sex partners and condomless anal intercourse than other nonusers (all <i>P</i>&lt;.05). During follow-up, GSN apps’ users had a significantly low level of pill-counting adherence than nonusers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0, <i>P</i>=.038). In the event-driven group, GSN apps’ users had marginally lower levels of self-reported adherence (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, <i>P</i>=.060) and lower PrEP coverage of sexual practices (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, <i>P</i>=.038). Additionally, GSN apps’ users seemed more likely to switch from event-driven to daily regimen (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 0.9-3.3, <i>P</i>=.084). CONCLUSIONS GSN apps’ users are highly prevalent among MSM, despite their higher sexual risk and lower adherence levels, suggesting that eHealth needs to be introduced to the GSN platform to promote PrEP adherence. CLINICALTRIAL Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IIN-17013762; https://tinyurl.com/yy2mhrv4. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.1186/s12879-019-4355-y

scholarly journals Risk-Taking Behaviors and Adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Users of Geosocial Networking Apps: Real-World, Multicenter Study

10.2196/22388 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. e22388
Author(s):  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Zhenxing Chu ◽  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Willa Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Real World ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Adherence Assessment ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Geosocial Networking ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Background Over half of men who have sex with men (MSM) use geosocial networking (GSN) apps to encounter sex partners. GSN apps’ users have become a unique large subpopulation among MSM for interventions concerning HIV prevention and control. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising measure for HIV prevention, especially for MSM, but its effectiveness largely depends on medication adherence. However, little is known about PrEP adherence among GSN apps’ users, which is critical to addressing the overall optimization of PrEP compliance outside of clinical trials in the context of large-scale implementation. Objective The objective of this study is to understand the correlation between GSN apps’ use and medication adherence among MSM receiving PrEP, with the aim to increase their awareness about PrEP use in order to increase adherence. Methods This study based on the China Real-world Oral intake of PrEP (CROPrEP) project, a multicenter, real-world study of Chinese MSM on daily and event-driven PrEP. Eligible participants completed a detailed computer-assisted self-interview on sociodemographic, GSN apps’ use, and sexual behavior. Then participants were followed up for 12 months and assessed for various characteristics (eg, PrEP delivery, adherence assessment, PrEP coverage of sexual activities, and regimens switch). A generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the predictors of medication adherence and regimen conversion among GSN apps’ users and nonusers. Results At baseline, 756 of the 1023 eligible participants (73.90%) reported primarily using GSN apps to seek sexual partners, and GSN apps’ users are more likely to have high-risk behaviors such as multiple sex partners and condomless anal intercourse than other nonusers (all P<.05). During follow-up, GSN apps’ users had a significantly low level of pill-counting adherence than nonusers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0, P=.038). In the event-driven group, GSN apps’ users had marginally lower levels of self-reported adherence (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, P=.060) and lower PrEP coverage of sexual practices (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, P=.038). Additionally, GSN apps’ users seemed more likely to switch from event-driven to daily regimen (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 0.9-3.3, P=.084). Conclusions GSN apps’ users are highly prevalent among MSM, despite their higher sexual risk and lower adherence levels, suggesting that eHealth needs to be introduced to the GSN platform to promote PrEP adherence. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IIN-17013762; https://tinyurl.com/yy2mhrv4. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12879-019-4355-y

Replications can cause distorted belief in scientific progress

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Białek
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
The Public ◽  
Psychological Science

AbstractIf we want psychological science to have a meaningful real-world impact, it has to be trusted by the public. Scientific progress is noisy; accordingly, replications sometimes fail even for true findings. We need to communicate the acceptability of uncertainty to the public and our peers, to prevent psychology from being perceived as having nothing to say about reality.

Current Issues: Evidence-Based Practice for the Real World: Thoughts on Clinical Education in Communication Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne K. Bothe
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Education ◽  
Real World ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Real ◽  
Language Pathology

This article presents some streamlined and intentionally oversimplified ideas about educating future communication disorders professionals to use some of the most basic principles of evidence-based practice. Working from a popular five-step approach, modifications are suggested that may make the ideas more accessible, and therefore more useful, for university faculty, other supervisors, and future professionals in speech-language pathology, audiology, and related fields.

Qualitative Case Study Research Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Tetnowski
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Real World ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Study Research

Qualitative case study research can be a valuable tool for answering complex, real-world questions. This method is often misunderstood or neglected due to a lack of understanding by researchers and reviewers. This tutorial defines the characteristics of qualitative case study research and its application to a broader understanding of stuttering that cannot be defined through other methodologies. This article will describe ways that data can be collected and analyzed.

Response Strength of Young Children in Operant Audiometry

1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Primus ◽  
Gary Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Response Strength ◽  
Ratio Schedule ◽  
Intermittent Reinforcement ◽  
Response Recovery ◽  
Conditioning Rate ◽  
Response Performance ◽  
Response Consistency ◽  
Measured Response ◽  
Response Habituation

An operant conditioning discrimination paradigm was evaluated in terms of relationships between response behavior of young children and two stimulus components of the paradigm, the discriminative stimulus (DS) and the reinforcing stimulus (RS). Experiment I measured response performance in normal 1-year-old subjects as a function of differences in intensity and/or complexity among three DSs. Results showed no significant differences in conditioning rate, habituation, or consistency of the conditioned response relative to variable properties of the DS. Experiment II examined response performance of normal 2-year-old children as a function of two modifications in the RS, reinforcement schedule and reinforcement novelty. Subjects reinforced on a variable-ratio schedule of intermittent reinforcement and subjects reinforced on a 100% schedule demonstrated equivalent response habituation and consistency. In the second part of the experiment, subjects receiving novel RSs showed significantly greater response recovery than subjects reinforced with familiar RSs. Comparison of normal 1- and 2-year-old children revealed similar rates of conditioning and response consistency. However, 2-year-olds habituated more rapidly than 1-year-olds.

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