Dual-Band Multipath Cluster Analysis of Small-Cell Backhaul Channels in an Urban Street Environment

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinh L. H. Nguyen ◽  
Katsuyuki Haneda ◽  
Jyri Putkonen
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Street Environment

scholarly journals Plasma Proteomic Analysis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3116
Author(s):  
Mohamed Eltahir ◽  
Johan Isaksson ◽  
Johanna Sofia Margareta Mattsson ◽  
Klas Kärre ◽  
Johan Botling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Response Prediction ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Protein Levels

Checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, only a minority of patients demonstrate a durable clinical response. PD-L1 scoring is currently the only biomarker measure routinely used to select patients for immunotherapy, but its predictive accuracy is modest. The aim of our study was to evaluate a proteomic assay for the analysis of patient plasma in the context of immunotherapy. Pretreatment plasma samples from 43 NSCLC patients who received anti-PD-(L)1 therapy were analyzed using a proximity extension assay (PEA) to quantify 92 different immune oncology-related proteins. The plasma protein levels were associated with clinical and histopathological parameters, as well as therapy response and survival. Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two patient groups with distinct protein profiles associated with high and low immune protein levels, designated as “hot” and “cold”. Further supervised cluster analysis based on T-cell activation markers showed that higher levels of T-cell activation markers were associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS) (p < 0.01). The analysis of single proteins revealed that high plasma levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 and low ADA levels were associated with better response and prolonged PFS (p < 0.05). Moreover, in an explorative response prediction model, the combination of protein markers (CXCL9, CXCL10, IL-15, CASP8, and ADA) resulted in higher accuracy in predicting response than tumor PD-L1 expression or each protein assayed individually. Our findings demonstrate a proof of concept for the use of multiplex plasma protein levels as a tool for anti-PD-(L)1 response prediction in NSCLC. Additionally, we identified protein signatures that could predict the response to anti-PD-(L)1 therapy.

scholarly journals Coexistence of Cognitive Small Cell and WiFi System: A Traffic Balancing Dual-Access Resource Allocation Scheme

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoge Huang ◽  
Yangyang Li ◽  
She Tang ◽  
Qianbin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Power Allocation ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Cell Selection ◽  
Allocation Scheme ◽  
Traffic Balancing ◽  
Unlicensed Bands

We consider a holistic approach for dual-access cognitive small cell (DACS) networks, which uses the LTE air interface in both licensed and unlicensed bands. In the licensed band, we consider a sensing-based power allocation scheme to maximize the sum data rate of DACSs by jointly optimizing the cell selection, the sensing operation, and the power allocation under the interference constraint to macrocell users. Due to intercell interference and the integer nature of the cell selection, the resulting optimization problems lead to a nonconvex integer programming. We reformulate the problem to a nonconvex power allocation game and find the relaxed equilibria, quasi-Nash equilibrium. Furthermore, in order to guarantee the fairness of the whole system, we propose a dynamic satisfaction-based dual-band traffic balancing (SDTB) algorithm over licensed and unlicensed bands for DACSs which aims at maximizing the overall satisfaction of the system. We obtain the optimal transmission time in the unlicensed band to ensure the proportional fair coexistence with WiFi while guaranteeing the traffic balancing of DACSs. Simulation results demonstrate that the SDTB algorithm could achieve a considerable performance improvement relative to the schemes in literature, while providing a tradeoff between maximizing the total data rate and achieving better fairness among networks.

Mapping 3D visibility in an urban street environment from mobile LiDAR point clouds

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-812
Author(s):  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Jianping Wu ◽  
Song Shu ◽  
Handong Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Clouds ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Street Environment

scholarly journals Sputum MicroRNA Profiling: A Novel Approach for the Early Detection of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson H. Roa ◽  
Julian O. Kim ◽  
Rene Razzak ◽  
Hongfei Du ◽  
Linghong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Mirna Profiling ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Negative Controls

Purpose: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptionally regulate hundreds of gene targets involved in tumorigenesis thereby controlling vital biological processes, including cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. MiRNA profiling is an emerging tool for the potential early detection of a variety of malignancies. This study was conducyed to assess the feasibility and methodological robustness of quantifying sputum miRNAs, employing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and cluster analysis on an optimized miRNA profile as a novel approach for the early detection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The relative expressions of 11 miRNAs in sputum (miR-21, miR-145, miR-155, miR-205, miR-210, miR-92, miR-17-5p, miR-143, miR-182, miR-372, and let-7a) in addition to U6 were retrospectively assessed in four NSCLC-positive and four negative controls. Subsequently, a set of five miRNAs (miR-21, miR-143, miR-155, miR-210, miR-372) was selected because of degree of relatedness observed in the cluster analysis and tested in the same sputum sample set. The five optimized miRNAs accurately clustered these eight retrospective patients into NSCLC positive cases and negative controls. The five miRNA panel was then prospectively quantified in the sputum of 30 study patients (24 NSCLC cases and six negative controls) in a double-blind fashion to validate a five miRNA panel using hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: The optimized five miRNA panel detected NSCLC (83.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity) in 30 prospectively accrued study patients. Conclusion: Sputum miRNA profiling using cluster analysis is a promising approach for the early detection of non-small cell lung cancer. Further investigation using this approach is warranted.

scholarly journals Street Design and Human Behaviour Factors towards a Safe Urban Environment for Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (17) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Norhafizah Abdul Rahman ◽  
Maimon Ali ◽  
Izham Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Street Design ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Street Environment

Integrating women safety in the urban street environment is critical in creating good quality living to improve living standard. This paper discusses women’s needs and characteristics of urban streets that can affect women’s behaviour. The objectives of this paper are to identify the characters of urban environment in making streets safe for women and establishing the characteristics of safe urban street environment for women. This study is conducted using mixed methodology to identify the relationship between urban street design and women’s behaviour. This paper will contribute towards safe urban street design with an excellent urban environment and dynamic economic activities. Keywords: women safety; urban design; safe cities; behavioural study eISSN: 2398-4295 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER, ABRA & cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v4i17.184

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