According to handling stability problem in using process of special vehicle, its evaluation test method is researched and analyzed. Referring to national profession norm, the on-line detection system of handling stability of special vehicle is constructed, and the design idea of evaluation software is also illustrated. Finally, based on the constructed testing system, the proving ground test of special vehicle is carried out, including the transient response test of steering wheel impulse input, the test of steering wheel returnability, and the steady static circular test. The test results indicate the feasibility and validity of the constructed test system, which provides technical support for detection on-line and fast evaluation of handling stability of special vehicle in riding process, and enhance the road safety during the riding process of missile weapon system.