On Predictive Evaluation of Sub-Objectives for Quality Assurance of Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion of Large Composite Structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Shevtsov ◽  
Igor Zhilyaev ◽  
Natalia Snezhina
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Resin Infusion

3D Permeability of Thick-Section Glass Fabric Reinforced Polymer Composite by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion Molding

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ethan R Pedneau ◽  
Su Su Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Glass Fabric ◽  
Thick Section ◽  
Flow Front ◽  
Resin Infusion ◽  
Principal Axes

Abstract Determination of permeability of thick-section glass fabric preforms with fabric layers of different architectures is critical for manufacturing large, thick composite structures with complex geometry, such as wind turbine blades. The thick-section reinforcement permeability is inherently three-dimensional and needs to be obtained for accurate composite processing modeling and analysis. Numerical simulation of the liquid stage of vacuum-assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) is important to advance the composite manufacturing process and reduce processing-induced defects. In this research, the 3D permeability of thick-section E-glass fabric reinforcement preforms is determined and the results are validated by a comparison between flow front progressions from experiments and from numerical simulations using ANSYS Fluent software. The orientation of the principal permeability axes were unknown prior to experiments. The approach used in this research differs from those in literature in that the through-thickness permeability is determined as a function of flow front positions along the principal axes and the in-plane permeabilities and is not dependent on the inlet radius. The approach was tested on reinforcements with fabric architectures which vary through-the-thickness direction, such as those in a spar cap of a wind turbine blade. The computational simulations of the flow-front progression through-the-thickness were consistent with experimental observations.

Resin Infusion of Triaxially Braided Preforms With Through-the-Thickness Reinforcement

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay R. Sayre ◽  
Alfred C. Loos
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Resin Infusion ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
High Fiber

Abstract Vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) has shown potential to significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of high-performance aerospace composite structures. In this investigation, high fiber volume fraction, triaxially braided preforms with through-the-thickness stitching were successfully resin infiltrated by the VARTM process. The preforms, resin infiltrated with three different resin systems, produced cured composites that were fully wet-out and void free. A three-dimensional finite element model was used to simulation resin infusion into the preforms. The predicted flow patterns agreed well with the flow pattern observed during the infiltration process. The total infiltration times calculated using the model compared well with the measured times.

Development of Virtual Flow Model for Process Design in Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion Molding Operations

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Khattab ◽  
A. Sherif El-Gizawy
Keyword(s):  
Process Design ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Resin Infusion ◽  
Geometric Reconstruction ◽  
Interchange Format

A virtual flow model for process design in vacuum assisted resin infusion operations is developed. It uses a control volume technique based on finite difference method to characterize flow behavior during resin infusion in molding woven fiber composite structures. In order to enhance the visual capability of the developed virtual model, a geometric reconstruction scheme is used to present the resin flow front at fixed time increment. The Graphic Interchange Format (GIF) is used to combine images into a single file to create animation. This model provides capabilities for prediction of flow pattern, pressure distribution inside the mold, and evolved defects. Several case studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed model.

Microstructure, hygrothermal, and mechanical properties of interlaminar toughening of CFRP composite using polyamide veil

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019-1030
Author(s):  
Wenjian Zheng ◽  
Zhengjun Yao ◽  
Jintang Zhou ◽  
Huiyuan Fan ◽  
Wenjing Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Resin Infusion ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
Cfrp Composite

The addition of polyamide veil (PAV) to the interlaminar area of carbon fiber (CF) fabric/epoxy composites can effectively increase their toughness with high accuracy. Vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARI) was used to fabricate composite structures. VARI was applied to obtain a PAV, which is an interleaf between fabric piles of CFs. The thermoplastic PAV was dissolved in epoxy when the PAV was cured at high temperature. A phase-separated morphology with a PAV-rich secondary phase was formed during the curing process. Experimental results indicated that compression after impact (CAI), which is the average value of CAI, increased by threefold when two layers of PAV were added. The thermal and mechanical characteristics of the composite were analyzed and compared at room temperature and high-temperature wet conditions.

scholarly journals КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО МЕТРОЛОГІЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТВОРЕННЯ КОМПОЗИТНИХ КОНСТРУКЦІЙ ЦИВІЛЬНИХ ЛІТАКІВ

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Wang Bo ◽  
С. А. Бычков ◽  
А. В. Гайдачук ◽  
А. В. Андреев ◽  
М. Н. Журибеда
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Metrological Support ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Metrological Reliability ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Civil Aircraft ◽  
The Creation

A conceptual approach to the metrological support of the creation of composite structures for civil aircraft units has been developed and substantiated.It is shown that polymer composite materials currently occupy a significant place in the structures of civil aircraft and the volume of their effective use is constantly increasing, reaching in some cases 50% of the weight of the airframe, which indicates the relevance of the problem of metrological scientific support for creating structures of this class.The main goals of metrological assurance have been revealed, including the requirements for the uniformity and accuracy of measurements, the sufficiency and reliability of effective control, high quality measurements, as well as reducing the time and cost of research and experiments, metrological reliability, reducing the range of used measuring instruments, improving the safety of working conditions and environmental protection.At all stages (stages) of the existence of an aircraft, the effectiveness of structures made of PCM is ensured by various methods, methods and technical means of metrology. The main components of quality assurance are considered, which, being different in nature (process, property, form of conformity, set of devices, science), are integrated into a single system of concepts that form (ensure) the quality of an object.A block diagram of the main quality assurance tools is proposed, including certification, standardization, technical measurements, interchangeability and metro logic, as well as a block diagram of the general characteristics of the measurement quality. It is shown that these block diagrams together form the concept of scientific support for the creation of efficient structures of composite aircraft assemblies.It is proposed to form the development of this concept on the basis of the developed complex criterion for the effectiveness of the use of polymer composites in the environments of production, technological and scientific support.The structure of research is determined on the basis of the proposed conceptual approach to metrological support for the creation of composite structures of civil aircraft units at the main stages of their life cycle

Development of Resin Infusion Process for Ultralight Large Composite Structures

2011 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaffar M. Khan ◽  
Ghulam Yahya ◽  
M. Umer ◽  
Bilal Khan ◽  
Faraz Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Convection Current ◽  
Resin Infusion ◽  
Rigid Foam ◽  
Car Body ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Measuring Machine

Resin Infusion process is an affordable process for developing composite structures but resin impregnate is made difficult by its large size of engineering products. This research demonstrates development of large structures such as body of a high performance automobile in a single step resin infusion process. Three different scaled down models of the car were developed according to user’s technical requirements focusing on minimal weight, air drag and aesthetics. Pro E and ANSYS were used to determine the optimal shape, geometry, size, aesthetics and strength. The digital model of exterior shape of car body was developed through coordinate measuring machine using selected model instead of Pro-E modeling due to time constraints. The digitized data was used for development of Pro-E model. The Pro-E model was scaled up to generate CAD drawings for tool development. Different stations were marked on the model and sliced virtually for development of pattern. After developing pattern, the mold was manufactured from carbon and glass / polyester composites for prototype manufacturing of the car body. The prototype manufacturing involved placement of specific number of carbon layers as perform on female side of the mold. The vacuum sucked the resin through a number of carefully selected entry ports. Multiple resin delivery ports ensured effective resin distribution and impregnation. After curing the cutting, trimming and drilling operations were carried out to finish car body to actual size. Polyacrylic wind shield was thermoformed in convection current oven according to streamlined geometry of car body. The car body was integrated with the compatible floor panels and accessories. The crumble zone shock absorber in the bumper was manufactured using successive layers of Nomex® honeycomb and PVC rigid foam to dampen the accidental shock. The successful test runs were made to qualify the car body according to user’s technical requirements.

Nondestructive Testing of Composites

NDT World ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Ричард Х. Босси ◽  
Richarg H. Bossi ◽  
Гэри Е. Джорджесон ◽  
Gary E. Georgeson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Damage Detection ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Manufacturing Quality ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Boat Building ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
New Generation

Composite materials are widely used in a number of industrial sectors from aviation, space, to boat building, automotive, and sports goods. In recent years composite structures have seen a substantial increase of their use in the new generation of airplanes. The nondestructive testing and inspection of composite structures, both for manufacturing quality assurance and for in-service damage detection, has prompted the development and adaptation of a number of methods and techniques over the years. In this paper we review the various NDT methods for inspecting composites including water- and air-coupled ultrasound, bond testing, manual and automated tap testing, radiography, thermography, and shearography with emphasis given to techniques that demonstrated benefits to the practice of composite inspection.

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