Tilt angle calculation for installation of PV systems for mountainous regions of Himachal Pradesh India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Yadav ◽  
Hasmat Malik ◽  
S.S. Chandel
Keyword(s):  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Angle Calculation

scholarly journals Tilt Angle Optimization and Formulation of Annual Adjustment Models for a Solar Power Plant Setup-able Site at Himachal Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1181-1185
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Solar Power Plant ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Tracking Devices

Solar tracking devices are quite effective for collecting maximum solar radiations but for vastly spread solar energy collection plant, their usage is suppressed due to large cost involvement. The best alternative to this problem is adjustment of tilt angle at most appropriate position. In this study monthly optimum tilt angle have been identified for a solar power plant setup-able site Kalth (φ 30.85046˚, L 77.06153˚), situated at Himachal Pradesh, India. For diffuse radiation estimation, an isotropic model has been used. By considering the impracticality involved in monthly tilt angle adjustment, various annual adjustment models have been formulated for two, three and four annual adjustments. In order to estimate the increment in solar insolation by adopting these models, Performance Enhancement (PE) have been computed from the conventional method of setting the solar collector tilt equal to latitude angle. The results show that PE is maximum for monthly optimum tilt angles followed by M-4 which is a three annual adjustment model. Based on PE requirement, any of the proposed models can be selected for setting up solar energy collection plant at suggested site.

Agroforestry Potential for Increasing Forest and Tree Cover in Himachal Pradesh - An Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Satya Negi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
The State ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Near Future

Forests and trees are essential for the welfare of people and play significant role in sustainable development. Extent of forest resources is one of the criteria for monitoring the progress towards sustainable forest management. The total forest and tree cover of Himachal Pradesh is 15,453 km² which is 27.76 percent of the state’s geographical area. As per National Forest Policy 1988, the aim should be to maintain two-third of the geographical area of the state under vegetal cover in the hills and in mountainous regions; but there is very little scope for realizing the envisaged target in near future in the state. There is no enough culturable land in the state, as large area of the state is covered under alpine pastures, barren and unculturable wastelands and snow bound areas where trees do not grow. Agriculture in the state is mainly subsistence, and hence there is not much scope of expanding agroforestry in these marginal lands. Therefore, it is prudent to focus more on protecting the existing unspoiled forests, eco-restoration and qualitative improvement of the degraded forests. Positive environment towards agroforestry plantation in the state will motivate the farmers to reap the incentives under Sub-Mission on Agroforestry which will not only fulfill the multiplicity of local requirements but also reduce the pressure on existing forests.

scholarly journals A Software Tool for Optimal Sizing of PV Systems in Malaysia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Khatib ◽  
Azah Mohamed ◽  
K. Sopian
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Optimal Sizing ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
User Friendly

This paper presents a MATLAB based user friendly software tool called as PV.MY for optimal sizing of photovoltaic (PV) systems. The software has the capabilities of predicting the metrological variables such as solar energy, ambient temperature and wind speed using artificial neural network (ANN), optimizes the PV module/ array tilt angle, optimizes the inverter size and calculate optimal capacities of PV array, battery, wind turbine and diesel generator in hybrid PV systems. The ANN based model for metrological prediction uses four meteorological variables, namely, sun shine ratio, day number and location coordinates. As for PV system sizing, iterative methods are used for determining the optimal sizing of three types of PV systems, which are standalone PV system, hybrid PV/wind system and hybrid PV/diesel generator system. The loss of load probability (LLP) technique is used for optimization in which the energy sources capacities are the variables to be optimized considering very low LLP. As for determining the optimal PV panels tilt angle and inverter size, the Liu and Jordan model for solar energy incident on a tilt surface is used in optimizing the monthly tilt angle, while a model for inverter efficiency curve is used in the optimization of inverter size.

Simulation About Suitable Direction of Photovoltaic Array for Residential Solar Power Generation System

Solar Energy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Sakai ◽  
Osamu Ishihara ◽  
Akio Tanaka ◽  
Hidetoshi Nakagami ◽  
Masaki Manabe
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Photovoltaic Array ◽  
Solar Power Generation ◽  
Installation Angle ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
Pv Power Generation ◽  
Fixed System

In this paper, it is attempted in the present study to estimate the factors to reduce power generating efficiency using the results of measurements and to calculate the optimal tilt angle in Kyushu area. Also, the study was made as to how the annual power generation amount is influenced by the deviation of the optimal tilt angle from actual installation angle. We have obtained the results that modeling was performed on the factors to reduce the efficiency obtained from measurements, and PV power generation amount in Kyushu area was estimated. Also, from the results of calculation of the optimal installation angle of the fixed system at installation site, it was demonstrated that the installation of PV systems on roof surface as generally practiced at present did not lead to a greater loss.

scholarly journals Performance and Design Optimization of Two-Mirror Composite Concentrating PV Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2875
Author(s):  
Guihua Li ◽  
Yamei Yu ◽  
Runsheng Tang
Keyword(s):  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acceptance Angle ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The One ◽  
A Site ◽  
Plate Absorber ◽  
East West

The reflectors of a linear solar concentrator investigated in this work consisted of two plane mirrors (2MCC), and they were designed in such a way that made all radiation within the acceptance angle (θa) arrive on flat-plate absorber, after less than two reflections. To investigate the performance of an east–west aligned 2MCC-based photovoltaic (PV) system (2MCPV), a mathematical procedure was suggested based on the three-dimensional radiation transfer and was validated by the ray-tracing analysis. Analysis indicated that the performance of 2MCPV was dependent on the geometry of 2MCC, the reflectivity of mirrors (ρ), and solar resources in a site, thus, given θa, an optimal geometry of 2MCC for maximizing the annual collectible radiation (ACR) and annual electricity generation (AEG) of 2MCPV in a site could be respectively found through iterative calculations. Calculation results showed that when the ρ was high, the optimal design of 2MCC for maximizing its geometric concentration (Cg) could be utilized for maximizing the ACR and AEG of 2MCPV. As compared to similar compound parabolic concentrator (CPC)-based PV systems, the 2MCPV with the tilt-angle of the aperture yearly fixed (1T-2MCPV), annually generated more electricity when the ρ was high; and the one with the tilt-angle adjusted yearly four times at three tilts (3T-2MCPV), performed better when θa < 25° and ρ > 0.7, even in sites with poor solar resources.

Principle Error Analysis of Three-Point Supporting Type Barycenter Measurement System

2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 951-954
Author(s):  
Yong Xing Hao ◽  
Ya Hui Liu ◽  
Song Wei Yang ◽  
Hai Tao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Calculation Formula ◽  
Geometrical Analysis ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Elastic Deformations ◽  
Measured Object ◽  
Angle Calculation

Taking elastic deformations of the platform and sensors into consideration, a simplified model of three-point supporting type barycenter measurement system was built. The tilt-angle calculation formula of the measured object caused by elastic deformations was obtained through the physical and geometrical analysis. Then the principle error of barycenter eccentricity was calculated in measurement process. On study of the principle error expression, it was concluded that measurement value of barycenter eccentricity is greater than the actual; the value of the principle error is proportional to the weight, the barycenter height and the actual barycenter eccentricity of the measured object, and is inversely proportional to the square of the distributing radius of sensors, the synthetic stiffness of the stacking part of platform and sensor. But the principle error has nothing to do with the phase angle of barycenter. Finally, simulation experiments were done using Adams. The experimental results agree well with the conclusions of theoretical analysis.

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