Modeling Low Carbon and Low-Cost Electricity Supply for Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yousif ◽  
Qian Ai ◽  
Muhammad Tuoqeer Anwar ◽  
Shuangrui Yin ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Low Carbon

OUTOKUMPU MODA 410L/4003

Alloy Digest ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Corrosive Environments

Abstract Outokumpu Moda 410L/4003 is a weldable, extra low carbon, Cr-Ni, ferritic stainless steel that is best suited for mildly corrosive environments such as indoors, where the material is either not exposed to contact with water or gets regularly wiped dry, or outdoors, where some discoloration and superficial rusting are acceptable. It is a low-cost alternative to low-carbon non-alloy steels in certain applications. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1330. Producer or source: Outokumpu Oyj.

scholarly journals Research on Blank Optimization Design Based on Low-Carbon and Low-Cost Blank Process Route Optimization Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1929
Author(s):  
Yongmao Xiao ◽  
Wei Yan ◽  
Ruping Wang ◽  
Zhigang Jiang ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Route Optimization ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Blank Design ◽  
Process Route

The optimization of blank design is the key to the implementation of a green innovation strategy. The process of blank design determines more than 80% of resource consumption and environmental emissions during the blank processing. Unfortunately, the traditional blank design method based on function and quality is not suitable for today’s sustainable development concept. In order to solve this problem, a research method of blank design optimization based on a low-carbon and low-cost process route optimization is proposed. Aiming at the processing characteristics of complex box type blank parts, the concept of the workstep element is proposed to represent the characteristics of machining parts, a low-carbon and low-cost multi-objective optimization model is established, and relevant constraints are set up. In addition, an intelligent generation algorithm of a working step chain is proposed, and combined with a particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the optimization model. Finally, the feasibility and practicability of the method are verified by taking the processing of the blank of an emulsion box as an example. The data comparison shows that the comprehensive performance of the low-carbon and low-cost multi-objective optimization is the best, which meets the requirements of low-carbon processing, low-cost, and sustainable production.

Performance Evaluation of Palm Waste Screw Press Briquette Moulding Machine

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 723-727
Author(s):  
C.O. Ilechie ◽  
G.F. Aibangbee ◽  
S.R. Ogblechi ◽  
P.E. Amiolemhen
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Screw Thread ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Moulding Machine ◽  
Palm Waste

An alternative source of heat energy to firewood called, palm waste briquette, has been developed from oil palm fruit process wastes. These wastes (sludge, shell, fibre) are compounded in a volumetric ratio of 1:2:3 and moulded into briquettes. The performance evaluation of a low cost women friendly palm waste briquette moulding machine was carried out. The evaluation showed that the machine designed and fabricated using readily available low carbon steel (mild steel) and employing the vertical screw thread mechanism in its operation, produces three different sizes of briquette (industrial sizes, medium sizes and domestic sizes). It requires only two unskilled operators and has a daily throughput of about 1,300kg briquettes (i.e. 400 pieces-industrial size or 800 pieces-medium size or 1,600 pieces-domestic size) unlike a modified brick moulding machine which has a daily throughput of 120 pieces industrial size

Frugal Living for Our Collective and Mutual #Bestlife on a Distributed and Global Electronic Hive Mind

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-120
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Peace Of Mind ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
Food Animals

What is not as commonly identified as an optimal life #bestlife is living #frugal, and yet, there is a global electronic hive mind about how to live sparingly based on highly variant local realities. There are blogs about living on a shoestring, stretching funds, cooking in, engaging in a DIY economy (bartering with like-minded others), living off the grid, taking low-cost and simple vacations, maintaining a food garden, raising food animals, and forgoing the more spendy aspects of modern living. The narrative goes that saving up and retiring early enables low-pressure and intentional lifestyles (and an ability to focus on family and friends), low-carbon footprints (with low impacts on the environment), and the embodiment of a frugal virtue. This chapter explores what a #frugal living EHM looks like and how it brings together people around shared values and lifestyle practices for personal peace of mind, social justice, and long-term sustainability.

scholarly journals Research on the Development Mode of Slow Traffic System in Cities Based on Low-carbon Concept

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Zhang Hang ◽  
Wan Jun
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
System Construction ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Sustained Development ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Bus Transit ◽  
Special Cycle

The slow traffic system, which has a series of advantages including low cost of traveling, green environment protection and fewer resource-consuming, indicates its important role in the urban traffic system. This paper, through the research on the slow traffic system and based on current slow traffic system construction, puts forward new urban traffic mode including connection of “BRT (bus rapid transit) and PBFR (public bike free rental), integration of NBT (Normal Bus Transit) and TBB (take bicycle on bus), and planning of SCF (special cycle facilities) and SFW (special foot way) and NBT(normal bus transit).Finally, the paper Prouides a reference for exploring urban green and sustained development.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation of a Novel Low-Cost Photovoltaic Panel Active Cooling System

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Benato ◽  
Anna Stoppato
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Pv Cooling

Renewable energy sources are the most useful way to generate clean energy and guide the transition toward green power generation and a low-carbon economy. Among renewables, the best alternative to electricity generation from fossil fuels is solar energy because it is the most abundant and does not release pollutants during conversion processes. Despite the photovoltaic (PV) module ability to produce electricity in an eco-friendly way, PV cells are extremely sensitive to temperature increments. This can result in efficiency drop of 0.25%/ ∘ C to 0.5%/ ∘ C. To overcome this issue, manufacturers and researchers are devoted to the improvement of PV cell efficiency by decreasing operating temperature. For this purpose, the authors have developed a low-cost and high-performance PV cooling system that can drastically reduce module operating temperature. In the present work, the authors present a set of experimental measurements devoted to selecting the PV cooling arrangement that guarantees the best compromise of water-film uniformity, module temperature reduction, water-consumption minimization, and module power production maximization. Results show that a cooling system equipped with 3 nozzles characterized by a spraying angle of 90 ∘ , working with an inlet pressure of 1.5 bar, and which remains active for 30 s and is switched off for 120 s, can reduce module temperature by 28 ∘ C and improve the module efficiency by about 14%. In addition, cost per single module of the cooling system is only 15 €.

scholarly journals Could energy-intensive industries be powered by carbon-free electricity?

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 (1986) ◽  
pp. 20110560 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. C. MacKay
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Main Thrust ◽  
Material Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Energy Intensive Industries

While the main thrust of the Discussion Meeting Issue on ‘Material efficiency: providing material services with less material production’ was to explore ways in which society's net demand for materials could be reduced, this review examines the possibility of converting industrial energy demand to electricity, and switching to clean electricity sources. This review quantifies the scale of infrastructure required in the UK, focusing on wind and nuclear power as the clean electricity sources, and sets these requirements in the context of the decarbonization of the whole energy system using wind, biomass, solar power in deserts and nuclear options. The transition of industry to a clean low-carbon electricity supply, although technically possible with several different technologies, would have very significant infrastructure requirements.

scholarly journals An optimal mix of solar PV, wind and hydro power for a low-carbon electricity supply in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Schmidt ◽  
Rafael Cancella ◽  
Amaro O. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Optimal Mix
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