Enabling Rewards for Reinforcement Learning in Laser Beam Welding processes through Deep Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Schmitz ◽  
Florian Pinsker ◽  
Alexander Ruhri ◽  
Beibei Jiang ◽  
Georgij Safronov
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Processes

scholarly journals Development of laser welding of high strength aluminium alloy 2024-T4 with controlled thermal cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 08005
Author(s):  
Mete Demirorer ◽  
Wojciech Suder ◽  
Supriyo Ganguly ◽  
Simon Hogg ◽  
Hassam Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Thermal Cycle ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Base Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cooling Rates ◽  
Aa 2024 ◽  
Welding Processes

An innovative process design, to avoid thermal degradation during autogenous fusion welding of high strength AA 2024-T4 alloy, based on laser beam welding, is being developed. A series of instrumented laser welds in 2 mm thick AA 2024-T4 alloys were made with different processing conditions resulting in different thermal profiles and cooling rates. The welds were examined under SEM, TEM and LOM, and subjected to micro-hardness examination. This allowed us to understand the influence of cooling rate, peak temperature, and thermal cycle on the growth of precipitates, and related degradation in the weld and heat affected area, evident as softening. Although laser beam welding allows significant reduction of heat input, and higher cooling rates, as compared to other high heat input welding processes, this was found insufficient to completely supress coarsening of precipitate in HAZ. To understand the required range of thermal cycles, additional dilatometry tests were carried out using the same base material to understand the time-temperature relationship of precipitate formation. The results were used to design a novel laser welding process with enhanced cooling, such as with copper backing bar and cryogenic cooling.

Evaluation of High Penetration Hybrid Laser-GMAW Welding Process Productivity Applied in the Joining of Thick Plates and Pipelines

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Gomes Nunes Silva ◽  
Max Baranenko Rodrigues ◽  
Milton Pereira ◽  
Koen Faes
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Thick Plates ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Welding Processes

Abstract Welding processes are present in all sectors of the industry, highlighting the manufacturing industry of thick plates and pipelines. In these applications, welding processes have a major influence on costs, schedules, risk analysis and project feasibility. Conventional arc welding processes, such as the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process, have limitations when applied to high thickness joints due to their maximum achievable penetration depth. On the other hand, the laser beam welding (LBW) welding process, despite reaching high penetration depths, has several limitations mainly regarding the geometric tolerance of the joint. In this regard, the hybrid laser-arc welding (HLAW) process emerges as a promising bonding process, combining the advantages of the GMAW and LBW processes into a single melting pool. Despite the many operational and metallurgical advantages, the HLAW process presents a high complexity due to the high number of parameters involved and the interaction between the laser beam and the electric arc. The present work discusses the challenges involved in the parametrization of the HLAW process applied to the joining of thick plates and pipes, and empirically evaluated a comparison between the HLAW and GMAW processes, showing a reduction of operating time of approximately 40 times, and a reduction of consumption of shielding gas and filler material of approximately 20 times, evidencing the technical and financial contribution of the hybrid process.

A Study on Different Welding Processes of IN718 for Elevated Temperature Application

2015 ◽  
Vol 1125 ◽  
pp. 186-189
Author(s):  
Kyung Ju Min ◽  
Jong Hoon Yoon ◽  
Joon Tae Yoo ◽  
Ho Sung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Superplastic Forming ◽  
Internal Cooling ◽  
Cooling Channels ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Welding Processes

Alloy IN718 is a nickel based precipitation hardened material and it has the necessary strength over a range of temperatures which includes the operating range for many rocket propulsion systems and jet engines. This performance is accomplished by a combination of solid-solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and grain-boundary strengthening. However, it is common for precipitation hardened nickel based superalloys to have a problem of post-weld cracking. In this study, several welding processes are investigated to obtain the optimum welding method of IN718 for elevated temperature forming. These include LBW(Laser Beam Welding), EBW(Electron Beam Welding), HIP(hot isostatic pressing), and solid state diffusion bonding. The result shows that the LBW specimen performs the highest formability at 980°C so that this process can be applied to superplastic forming of IN718 sheet. It is demonstrated that the elevated temperature superplastic forming of nozzle extension with internal cooling channels was possible with laser beam welded IN718 sheet.

Dissimilar and Similar Laser Beam and GTA Welding of Nuclear Fuel Pin Cladding Tube to End Plug Joint

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Aravind Murugan ◽  
R. Sai Santhosh ◽  
Ravikumar Raju ◽  
A.K. Lakshminarayanan ◽  
Shaju K. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Fuel Pin ◽  
Gtaw Process ◽  
Welding Processes

The end plug to cladding tube of fast reactor fuel pin is normally welded using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process. The GTAW process has large heat input and wide heat-affected-zone (HAZ) than high energy density process such as laser welding. In the present study Laser Beam Welding (LBW) is being considered as an alternative welding process to join end plug to clad tube. The characteristics of autogenous processes such as GTAW and pulsed Nd-YAG laser welding on fuel cladding tube to end plug joints have been investigated in this study. Dissimilar combinations of modified stainless steel (SS) alloy D9 cladding tube to SS316L end plug, and similar combinations of SS316L cladding tube to SS316L end plug were successfully welded using the above two welding processes. The laser welding was performed at the butting surfaces of the cladding tube and the end plug, and also by shifting the laser beam by 0.2 mm towards the end plug side to compensate the heat balance and for improving the Creq/Nieq ratio in the molten pool. Helium Leak Test (HLT) and Radiography Test (RT) were carried out to validate the quality of the welds. The microstructures of the weld joints were analysed using optical microscope. In the present study, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to obtain welds free from hot cracks by shifting the laser beam by 0.2 mm towards end plug side, while the weld produced using the beam positioned at the interface shows cracks in the weld.

NIR-camera-based online diagnostics of laser beam welding processes

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedhelm Dorsch ◽  
Holger Braun ◽  
Steffen Keßler ◽  
Dieter Pfitzner ◽  
Volker Rominger
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Processes

Influence of Surface Structured Filler Wires on Laser Beam Welding of Copper Alloys

2015 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Mann ◽  
Fabian Gärtner ◽  
Florian Hugger ◽  
Konstantin Hofmann ◽  
Felix Tenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Weld Seam ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Additional Amount ◽  
Infrared Wavelengths ◽  
Welding Processes

Compared to steel, the required amount of energy for conventional welding of copper is higher, due to its higher thermal conductivity. This problem is mainly solved by preheating the work pieces or welding processes with high intensities such as laser beam welding. As the absorption of copper for infrared wavelengths, which are commonly used in industrial applications today, is typically low, the energy efficiency of the laser welding process is low. Besides this, if filler wires are used in order to increase the bridgeable width of joining gaps, the energy consumption of the process is further increased due to the additional amount of energy required to melt the filler material.As roughened surfaces of copper parts are known to increase absorption and consequently energy efficiency of laser beam welding without filler wires, this paper investigates the influence of surface structured filler wires on laser beam welding of copper alloys. Thus, the correlation between knurling geometries, absorption, molten volume and the welding result is investigated. For this reason, the welding result is evaluated by means of geometrical, electrical and mechanical weld seam properties e.g. seam width, weld reinforcement, area of cross-section, electrical resistance, tensile strength and strain.

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