Examining Usage Patterns of Public Biking Behavior Based on IC Card Data: Comparison Before and After the Usage of Free-floating Shared Bikes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuanzhuan Shi ◽  
Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ic Card ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Behavior Based

“Just-in-Time” Personal Preparedness: Downloads and Usage Patterns of the American Red Cross Hurricane Application During Hurricane Sandy

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 762-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D. Kirsch ◽  
Ryan Circh ◽  
Richard A. Bissell ◽  
Matthew Goldfeder
Keyword(s):  
Smart Phone ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
American Red Cross ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
Real Time Information

AbstractObjectivePersonal preparedness is a core activity but has been found to be frequently inadequate. Smart phone applications have many uses for the public, including preparedness. In 2012 the American Red Cross began releasing “disaster” apps for family preparedness and recovery. The Hurricane App was widely used during Hurricane Sandy in 2012.MethodsPatterns of download of the application were analyzed by using a download tracking tool by the American Red Cross and Google Analytics. Specific variables included date, time, and location of individual downloads; number of page visits and views; and average time spent on pages.ResultsAs Hurricane Sandy approached in late October, daily downloads peaked at 152,258 on the day of landfall and by mid-November reached 697,585. Total page views began increasing on October 25 with over 4,000,000 page views during landfall compared to 3.7 million the first 3 weeks of October with a 43,980% increase in views of the “Right Before” page and a 76,275% increase in views of the “During” page.ConclusionsThe Hurricane App offered a new type of “just-in-time” training that reached tens of thousands of families in areas affected by Hurricane Sandy. The app allowed these families to access real-time information before and after the storm to help them prepare and recover. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;page 1 of 6)

Fenestration and Energy Conservation

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 444-444
Author(s):  
Belinda Collins ◽  
A. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Window System ◽  
Window Management ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Recent Computer ◽  
Computer Calculations ◽  
Venetian Blind

A previous review of the literature on the psychological requirements for windows indicated the desirability of a view out, daylight, sunshine, and spaciousness as the primary benefits of windows to people in buildings. Although the desire for these window benefits may be, at times, incompatible with the need for energy conservation, recent computer calculations at the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) indicate the feasibility of window management as a means of energy conservation. Window management is defined as the use of thermal shutters on winter nights, ventian blinds on summer days, and/or daylight. These calculations, however, assume that the window system is used optimally, and do not examine actual window management practices. These practices were, however, examined in a study at NBS in which Venetian blind use was evaluated for six low-rise office buildings having two orientations. Blind usage patterns were examined by photographing the building facades before and after experimentally changing blind position in three seasons. Blind positioning did not change noticeably from day to day but that of south-facing windows was significantly different from that of north-facing windows. The feasibility of relying on window management by altering Venetian blind position is discussed.

scholarly journals The use of arnica tablets by runners in the 90 kilometer Comrades Marathon

2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Cynthia M. Bauer ◽  
Michael I. Lambert ◽  
Lindsay M. Weight
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Long Distance Running ◽  
Registration Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Road Race ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Poor Relationship

Background: Arnica is a homeopathic remedy which is sometimes used before and after long distance running in the belief that it reduces delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). However, the specific details of its use among athletes is not known. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the usage patterns of Arnica tablets amongst participants in the 1999 ninety-kilometer Comrades ultra-marathon road race in South Africa.Methods: Every third runner registering for the race in Pietermaritzburg in the three-day (25 hour) pre-race registration period was approached and asked to complete a questionnaire on their use of Arnica tablets (n - 785; males = 85% and females = 15%).Results: Ten percent of the total study population who agreed to participate in the study (n = 730) had used Arnica tablets in the previous six months. The average reported dose by these athletes was seven tablets per day. The most common reason for using Arnica tablets was to decrease pain or stiffness after a race or training run. Only a small group (22%) rated the efficacy of Arnica tablets as “totally effective”, suggesting that a large number of users of Arnica did not rate the efficacy highly. There was a poor relationship between the perceived efficacy after ingesting Arnica tablets and the reported dosage (r = 0.28). The majority of the respondents (63%) believed that Arnica tablets contained anti-inflammatory agents.Conclusions: While 10% of the runners used Arnica, only one fifth of these runners rated the treatment as completely effective for the prevention of DOMS. Therefore education on the advantages and disadvantages of using these tablets has become important.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Use of Telemedicine Services in an Academic Medical Center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanting Cui ◽  
Joseph Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Telemedicine Service ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Demographic Shifts

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the landscape of telehealth services. The goal of this paper was to identify demographic groups of patients who have used telemedicine services before and after the start of the pandemic, and to analyze how different demographic groups’ telehealth usage patterns change throughout the course of the pandemic. A de-identified study dataset was generated by querying electronic health records at the Mount Sinai Health System to identify all patients. 129,625 patients were analyzed. Demographic shifts in patients seeking telemedicine service were identified. There was significant increase in the middle age and older population using telehealth services. During the pandemic use of telemedicine services was increased among male patients and racial minority patients. Furthermore, telehealth services had expanded to a broader spectrum of medical specialties.

scholarly journals Aktív eutanázia vagy asszisztált öngyilkosság?

2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (40) ◽  
pp. 1595-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máté Julesz
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Active Euthanasia ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Method Analysis

Introduction: Both active euthanasia and assisted suicide are legal in The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxemburg and, most recently, in Canada. Aim: Examination of national legislations of countries where both active euthanasia and assisted suicide are legal. The number of accomplished active euthanasia cases and that of assisted suicide cases. Method: Analysis of national statistical data. Comparison of statistical data before and after 2010. Comparison of the related practices in the surveyed countries. Results: The number of active euthanasia cases markedly predominates over the number of assisted suicide cases. Cancer is a main reason for active euthanasia, or assisted suicide. In countries with a larger population, the number of active euthanasia cases is higher than that in countries with a smaller population. Conclusions: Regarding the fact that the applicants for active euthanasia withdraw their requests in a smaller number than the applicants for assisted suicide, patients prefer the choice of active euthanasia. Since the related legislative product is too recent in Canada at present, it may be only presumed that a certain preference will also develop in the related practices in Canada. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(40), 1595–1600.

scholarly journals Changes in handwashing and hygiene product usage patterns in Korea before and after the outbreak of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
KeunOh Choi ◽  
Seunghye Sim ◽  
Junyeong Choi ◽  
Choa Park ◽  
Yoonhee Uhm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Campaign ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The World Health Organization declared COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and wearing facial masks are recommended as the first line of protection against COVID-19. Encouraging hand hygiene may be one of the most cost-effective means of reducing the global burden of disease. Methods This study uses a web-based questionnaire to evaluate the usage patterns and consumer perceptions of the effectiveness and health safety of bar soap, liquid hand soap, and hand sanitizer products before and after the spread of COVID-19. Results The results show that since the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of consumers who primarily use bar soap has decreased from 71.8 to 51.4%, the number of those who primarily use liquid hand soap has increased from 23.5 to 41.3%, and the number of those who use and carry hand sanitizer has increased. The frequency of use, duration of use, and amount used of all three products have increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak. Finally, consumer perception of the products’ preventive effect against COVID-19 is higher for liquid hand soap and hand sanitizer than it is for bar soap. Conclusions Because use of hand sanitizers has increased, public health guidelines must address the potential risks associated them. Our data also show that the public is abiding by the recommendations of the regulatory authorities. As handwashing has become important in preventing COVID-19 infections, the results of our study will support the development of better handwashing guidelines and a public health campaign.

scholarly journals Associations Between Acute Conflict and Maternal Care Usage in Egypt: An Uncontrolled Before-and-After Study Using Demographic and Health Survey Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saji S. Gopalan ◽  
Richard J. Silverwood ◽  
Omar Salman ◽  
Natasha Howard
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Service Usage ◽  
Institutional Deliveries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Before And After Study

Background: United Nations’ (UN) data indicate that conflict-affected low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) contribute considerably to global maternal deaths. Maternal care usage patterns during conflict have not been rigorously quantitatively examined for policy insights. This study analysed associations between acute conflict and maternal services usage and quality in Egypt using reliable secondary data (as conflict-affected settings generally lack reliable primary data). Methods: An uncontrolled before-and-after study used data from the 2014 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). The ‘pre-conflict sample’ included births occurring from January 2009 to January 2011. The ‘peri-conflict sample’ included births from February 2011 to December 2012. The hierarchical nature of demographic and household survey (DHS) data was addressed using multi-level modelling (MLM). Results: In total, 2569 pre-conflict and 4641 peri-conflict births were reported. After adjusting for socioeconomic variables, conflict did not significantly affect antenatal service usage. Compared to the pre-conflict period, periconflict births had slightly lower odds of delivery in public institutions (odds ratio [OR]: 0.987; 95% CI: 0.975-0.998; P<.05), institutional postnatal care (OR: 0.995; 95% CI: 0.98-1.00; P=.05), and at least 24 hours post-delivery stay (OR: 0.921; 95% CI: 0.906-0.935; P<.01). Peri-conflict births had relatively higher odds of doctor-assisted deliveries (OR: 1.021; 95% CI: 1.004-1.035; P<.05), institutional deliveries (OR: 1.022; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04; P<.05), private institutional deliveries (OR: 1.035; 95% CI: 1.017-1.05; P<.001), and doctor-assisted postnatal care (OR: 1.015; 95% CI: 1.003-1.027; P<.05). Sensitivity analysis did not change results significantly. Conclusion: Maternal care showed limited associations with the acute conflict, generally reflecting pre-conflict usage patterns. Further qualitative and quantitative research could identify the effects of larger conflicts on maternal careseeking and usage, and inform approaches to building health system resilience

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