Intelligent and Efficient Detection of Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias in Short Segments of Surface ECG Signals

Shockable ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) such as ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VFib) are the life-threatening conditions requiring immediate attention. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation are the significant immediate recommended treatments for these shockable arrhythmias to obtain the return of spontaneous circulation. However, accurate classification of these shockable VAs from nonshockable ones is the key step during defibrillation by automated external defibrillator (AED). Therefore, in this work, we have proposed a novel algorithm for an automated differentiation of shockable and nonshockable VAs from electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. The ECG signals are segmented into 5, 8 and 10[Formula: see text]s. These segmented ECGs are subjected to four levels of discrete wavelet transformation (DWT). Various nonlinear features such as approximate entropy ([Formula: see text], signal energy ([Formula: see text]), Fuzzy entropy ([Formula: see text]), Kolmogorov Sinai entropy ([Formula: see text], permutation entropy ([Formula: see text]), Renyi entropy ([Formula: see text]), sample entropy ([Formula: see text]), Shannon entropy ([Formula: see text]), Tsallis entropy ([Formula: see text]), wavelet entropy ([Formula: see text]), fractal dimension ([Formula: see text]), Kolmogorov complexity ([Formula: see text]), largest Lyapunov exponent ([Formula: see text]), recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) parameters ([Formula: see text]), Hurst exponent ([Formula: see text]), activity entropy ([Formula: see text]), Hjorth complexity ([Formula: see text]), Hjorth mobility ([Formula: see text]), modified multi scale entropy ([Formula: see text]) and higher order statistics (HOS) bispectrum ([Formula: see text]) are obtained from the DWT coefficients. Later, these features are subjected to sequential forward feature selection (SFS) method and selected features are then ranked using seven ranking methods namely, Bhattacharyya distance, entropy, Fuzzy maximum relevancy and minimum redundancy (mRMR), receiver operating characteristic (ROC), Student’s [Formula: see text]-test, Wilcoxon and ReliefF. These ranked features are supplied independently into the [Formula: see text]-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) classifier. Our proposed system achieved maximum accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of (i) 97.72%, 94.79% and 98.74% for 5[Formula: see text]s, (ii) 98.34%, 95.49% and 99.14% for 8[Formula: see text]s and (iii) 98.32%, 95.16% and 99.20% for 10[Formula: see text]s of ECG segments using only ten features. The integration of the proposed algorithm with ECG acquisition systems in the intensive care units (ICUs) can help the clinicians to decipher the shockable and nonshockable life-threatening arrhythmias accurately. Hence, doctors can use the CPR or AED immediately and increase the chance of survival during shockable life-threatening arrhythmia intervals.

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Catheter Ablation of Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias in Athletes

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57030205 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 205

Author(s):

Nicola Tarantino ◽

Domenico G. Della Rocca ◽

Nicole S. De Leon De La Cruz ◽

Eric D. Manheimer ◽

Michele Magnocavallo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Catheter Ablation ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Individual Factors ◽

Substantial Part ◽

Arrhythmogenic Substrate ◽

Life Threatening ◽

History Of ◽

Anatomic Distribution ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Surveillance Analysis

A recent surveillance analysis indicates that cardiac arrest/death occurs in ≈1:50,000 professional or semi-professional athletes, and the most common cause is attributable to life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). It is critically important to diagnose any inherited/acquired cardiac disease, including coronary artery disease, since it frequently represents the arrhythmogenic substrate in a substantial part of the athletes presenting with major VAs. New insights indicate that athletes develop a specific electro-anatomical remodeling, with peculiar anatomic distribution and VAs patterns. However, because of the scarcity of clinical data concerning the natural history of VAs in sports performers, there are no dedicated recommendations for VA ablation. The treatment remains at the mercy of several individual factors, including the type of VA, the athlete’s age, and the operator’s expertise. With the present review, we aimed to illustrate the prevalence, electrocardiographic (ECG) features, and imaging correlations of the most common VAs in athletes, focusing on etiology, outcomes, and sports eligibility after catheter ablation.

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Ventricular Arrhythmias in Long Term LVAD Patients - Life Threatening Situation or Nothing to Worry About?

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation ◽

10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1236 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. S432 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.G. Jungschleger ◽

M.M. Mydin ◽

A. Woods ◽

M. Urban ◽

N. Robinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Threatening Situation

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Acute Psychological Disturbances Preceding Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.1981.03320030025021 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 246 (3) ◽

pp. 233 ◽

Cited By ~ 127

Author(s):

Peter Reich

Keyword(s):

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Psychological Disturbances ◽

Life Threatening

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Cardiac Arrhythmia Detection using Dual Tree Wavelet Transform and Convolutional Neural Network

10.21203/rs.3.rs-875283/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

K Reddy Madhavi ◽

Padmavathi kora ◽

L Venkateswara Reddy ◽

J Avanija ◽

KLS Soujanya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Wavelet Transform ◽

Cardiac Cells ◽

P Wave ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Ecg Signals ◽

Coronary Diseases ◽

Life Saving ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Assisted Diagnosis

Abstract The non-stationary ECG signals are used as a key tools in screening coronary diseases. ECG recording is collected from millions of cardiac cells’ and depolarization and re-polarization conducted in a synchronized manner as: The P-wave occurs first, followed by the QRScomplex and the T-wave, which will repeat in each beat. The signal is altered in a cardiac beat period for different heart conditions. This change can be observed in order to diagnose the patient’s heart status. There are life-threatening (critical) and non-life - threatening (noncritical) arrhythmia (abnormal Heart). Critical arrhythmia gives little time for surgery, whereas non-critical needs additional life-saving care. Simple naked eye diagnosis can mislead the detection. At that point, Computer Assisted Diagnosis (CAD) is therefore required. In this paper Dual Tree Wavelet Transform (DTWT) used as a feature extraction technique along with Convolution Neural Network (CNN) to detect abnormal Heart. The findings of this research and associated studies are without any cumbersome artificial environments. The CAD method proposed has high generalizability; it can help doctors efficiently identify diseases and decrease misdiagnosis.

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Clinical Implications of the Genetic Architecture of Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Current Cardiology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11886-020-01423-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Lisa D. Wilsbacher

Keyword(s):

Genetic Testing ◽

Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Genetic Architecture ◽

Genetic Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Approach ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Increase Risk ◽

Life Threatening ◽

New Evidence

Abstract Purpose of Review Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) frequently involves an underlying genetic etiology, but the clinical approach for genetic diagnosis and application of results in clinical practice can be complex. Recent Findings International sequence databases described the landscape of genetic variability across populations, which informed guidelines for the interpretation of DCM gene variants. New evidence indicates that loss-of-function mutations in filamin C (FLNC) contribute to DCM and portend high risk of ventricular arrhythmia. Summary A clinical framework aids in referring patients for DCM genetic testing and applying results to patient care. Results of genetic testing can change medical management, particularly in a subset of genes that increase risk for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, and can influence decisions for defibrillator therapy. Clinical screening and cascade genetic testing of family members should be diligently pursued to identify those at risk of developing DCM.

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Fractal dimension predicts arrhythmia recurrence in patients being treated for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias

Journal of Electrocardiology ◽

10.1016/s0022-0736(95)80019-0 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 71-73

Author(s):

Labros A. Karagounis ◽

Kenneth M. Stein ◽

Tami Bair ◽

Derrick Albright ◽

Jeffrey L. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Fractal Dimension ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Life Threatening

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A Look to the Future: Outpatient Placebo Controlled Trials of Antiarrhythmic Drug Efficacy in Patients with Life Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias

Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine - Sudden Cardiac Death and Congestive Heart Failure: Diagnosis and Treatment ◽

10.1007/978-1-4613-3876-5_11 ◽

1983 ◽

pp. 105-109

Author(s):

Roger A. Winkle ◽

Charles D. Swerdlow ◽

Jay W. Mason

Keyword(s):

Antiarrhythmic Drug ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Drug Efficacy ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

The Future ◽

Life Threatening

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Necrotizing myopathy presenting as congestive heart failure and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias: a case report

European Heart Journal - Case Reports ◽

10.1093/ehjcr/ytab075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Kyunghee Lim ◽

Jong Sung Park ◽

Byeol-A Yoon ◽

Song-Hee Han

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Congestive Heart Failure ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

High Dose ◽

Respiratory Impairment ◽

Motor Weakness ◽

High Dose Steroid ◽

Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Autoimmune Myopathy

Abstract Background Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy is a rare subtype of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy; however, it can be associated with fatal cardiac manifestations. Case summary A 58-year-old female patient was referred for congestive heart failure with dysrhythmia. Electrocardiograms showed ventricular arrhythmias of various QRS complex morphologies and coupling intervals with beat-to-beat differences. Despite optimal medical therapy for heart failure, the patient was admitted for the progression of dyspnoea and generalized motor weakness. The burden of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia gradually increased, and ventricular fibrillation eventually occurred. In view of a differential diagnosis of an inflammatory myocardial diseases such as sarcoidosis, a cardiac biopsy was performed. However, pathologic examinations revealed only necrotic muscle fibres without granuloma. Further examinations revealed proximal dominant motor weakness, an elevated serum creatinine-phosphokinase level, myogenic potentials on needle electromyography, and biceps muscle biopsy findings that were compatible with necrotizing autoimmune myopathy. High-dose steroid therapy improved the patient’s motor weakness, including her respiratory impairment, and successfully suppressed ventricular arrhythmias. Discussion This case suggests that intensive immunosuppressive therapy with high-dose steroid could be useful in the necrotizing autoimmune myopathy manifested as congestive heart failure and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.

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