An automated algorithm for analysis of 2-D echocardiographic short-axis images: a brief overview

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Wilson ◽  
E.A. Geiser ◽  
D.A. Conetta ◽  
J.M. Murphy ◽  
Dongxing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Short Axis ◽  
Automated Algorithm

An approach for comparative quantification of myocardial blood flow (0-15-H2O-PET), perfusion (Tc-99m-tetrofosmin-SPECT), and metabolism (F 18-FDG-PET)

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Nowak ◽  
H.-J. Kaiser ◽  
S. Block ◽  
K.-C. Koch ◽  
J. vom Dahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Myocardial Blood Flow ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Single Compartment Model ◽  
Tissue Fraction

Summary Aim: In the present study a new approach has been developed for comparative quantification of absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF), myocardial perfusion, and myocardial metabolism in short-axis slices. Methods: 42 patients with severe CAD, referred for myocardial viability diagnostics, were studied consecutively with 0-15-H2O PET (H2O-PET) (twice), Tc-99m-Tetrofosmin 5PECT (TT-SPECT) and F-18-FDG PET (FDG-PET). All dato sets were reconstructed using attenuation correction and reoriented into short axis slices. Each heart was divided into three representative slices (base, rnidventricular, apex) and 18 ROIs were defined on the FDG PET images and transferred to the corresponding H2O-PET and TT-SPECT slices. TT-SPECT and FDG-PET data were normalized to the ROI showing maximum perfusion. MBF was calculated for all left-ventricular ROIs using a single-compartment-model fitting the dynamic H2O-PET studies. Microsphere equivalent MBF (MBF_micr) was calculated by multiplying MBF and tissue-fraction, a parameter which was obtained by fitting the dynamic H2O-PET studies. To reduce influence of viability only well perfused areas (>70% TT-SPECT) were used for comparative quantification. Results: First and second mean global MBF values were 0.85 ml × min-1 × g-1 and 0.84 ml × min-1 × g1, respectively, with a repeatability coefficient of 0.30 ml ÷ min-1 × gl. After sectorization mean MBF_micr was between 0.58 ml × min1 ÷ ml"1 and 0.68 ml × min-1 × ml"1 in well perfused areas. Corresponding TT-SPECT values ranged from 83 % to 91 %, and FDG-PET values from 91 % to 103%. All procedures yielded higher values for the lateral than the septal regions. Conclusion: Comparative quantification of MBF, MBF_micr, TT-SPECT perfusion and FDG-PET metabolism can be done with the introduced method in short axis slices. The obtained values agree well with experimentally validated values of MBF and MBF_micr.

Segmentation of Short Axis CMR Images Using Hybrid Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
A.V. Nageswararao ◽  
S. Peter Babu ◽  
S. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Method ◽  
Short Axis

Distribution and Characteristics of Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy in TB/HIV Co-Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Payam Mehrian ◽  
Abtin Doroudinia ◽  
Moghadaseh Shams ◽  
Niloufar Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hilar Adenopathy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Abnormalities

Background: Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy (ITLN) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients may have various etiologies and prognoses. Etiologies of ITLN can be distinguished based on the distribution of enlarged lymph nodes. Sometimes tuberculosis (TB) is the first sign of underlying HIV infection. Objective: We sought to determine ITLN distribution and associated pulmonary findings in TB/HIV co-infection using Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Methods: In this retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study, chest CT scans of 52 patients with TB/HIV co-infection were assessed for enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes (>10 mm in short axis diameter), lymphadenopathy (LAP) distribution, calcification, conglomeration, the presence of hypodense center and associated pulmonary abnormalities. LAP distribution was compared in TB/HIV co-infection with isolated TB infection. Results: Mediastinal and/or hilar LAP were seen in 53.8% of TB/HIV co-infection patients. In all cases, LAP was multinational. The most frequent stations were right lower paratracheal and subcarinal stations. Lymph node conglomeration, hypodense center and calcification were noted in 25%, 21.4% and 3.5% of patients, respectively. LAP distribution was the same as that in patients with isolated TB infection except for the right hilar, right upper paratracheal and prevascular stations. All patients with mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Conclusion: All patients with TB/HIV co-infection and mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Superior mediastinal lymph nodes were less commonly affected in TB/HIV co-infection than isolated TB.

scholarly journals Development of a semi-automated segmentation tool for high frequency ultrasound image analysis of mouse echocardiograms

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristi Powers ◽  
Raymond Chang ◽  
Justin Torello ◽  
Rhonda Silva ◽  
Yannick Cadoret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Pixel Intensity ◽  
Cardiac Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

AbstractEchocardiography is a widely used and clinically translatable imaging modality for the evaluation of cardiac structure and function in preclinical drug discovery and development. Echocardiograms are among the first in vivo diagnostic tools utilized to evaluate the heart due to its relatively low cost, high throughput acquisition, and non-invasive nature; however lengthy manual image analysis, intra- and inter-operator variability, and subjective image analysis presents a challenge for reproducible data generation in preclinical research. To combat the image-processing bottleneck and address both variability and reproducibly challenges, we developed a semi-automated analysis algorithm workflow to analyze long- and short-axis murine left ventricle (LV) ultrasound images. The long-axis B-mode algorithm executes a script protocol that is trained using a reference library of 322 manually segmented LV ultrasound images. The short-axis script was engineered to analyze M-mode ultrasound images in a semi-automated fashion using a pixel intensity evaluation approach, allowing analysts to place two seed-points to triangulate the local maxima of LV wall boundary annotations. Blinded operator evaluation of the semi-automated analysis tool was performed and compared to the current manual segmentation methodology for testing inter- and intra-operator reproducibility at baseline and after a pharmacologic challenge. Comparisons between manual and semi-automatic derivation of LV ejection fraction resulted in a relative difference of 1% for long-axis (B-mode) images and 2.7% for short-axis (M-mode) images. Our semi-automatic workflow approach reduces image analysis time and subjective bias, as well as decreases inter- and intra-operator variability, thereby enhancing throughput and improving data quality for pre-clinical in vivo studies that incorporate cardiac structure and function endpoints.

scholarly journals Circulation derived from 4D flow MRI correlates with right ventricular dysfunction in patients with tetralogy of Fallot

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanae Tsuchiya ◽  
Michinobu Nagao ◽  
Yumi Shiina ◽  
Shohei Miyazaki ◽  
Kei Inai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Vortex Formation ◽  
Cine Mri ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
4D Flow Mri ◽  
4D Flow ◽  
Flow Mri ◽  
Rv Function

AbstractWe used 4D-flow MRI to investigate circulation, an area integral of vorticity, in the main pulmonary artery (MPA) as a new hemodynamic parameter for assessing patients with a repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). We evaluated the relationship between circulation, right ventricular (RV) function and the pulmonary regurgitant fraction (PRF). Twenty patients with a repaired TOF underwent cardiac MRI. Flow-sensitive 3D-gradient sequences were used to obtain 4D-flow images. Vortex formation in the MPA was visualized, with short-axis and longitudinal vorticities calculated by software specialized for 4D flow. The RV indexed end-diastolic/end-systolic volumes (RVEDVi/RVESVi) and RV ejection fraction (RVEF) were measured by cine MRI. The PR fraction (PRF) and MPA area were measured by 2D phase-contrast MRI. Spearman ρ values were determined to assess the relationships between circulation, RV function, and PRF. Vortex formation in the MPA occurred in 15 of 20 patients (75%). The longitudinal circulation (11.7 ± 5.1 m2/s) was correlated with the RVEF (ρ = − 0.85, p = 0.0002), RVEDVi (ρ = 0.62, p = 0.03), and RVESVi (ρ = 0.76, p = 0.003) after adjusting for the MPA size. The short-axis circulation (9.4 ± 3.4 m2/s) in the proximal MPA was positively correlated with the MPA area (ρ = 0.61, p = 0.004). The relationships between the PRF and circulation or RV function were not significant. Increased longitudinal circulation in the MPA, as demonstrated by circulation analysis using 4D flow MRI, was related to RV dysfunction in patients with a repaired TOF.

Study on Clinical Application of Different Ultrasound-Guided Planar Techniques in Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

2021 ◽  
pp. 155335062199779
Author(s):  
Difu Fan ◽  
Leming Song ◽  
Monong Li ◽  
Chunxiang Luo ◽  
Xiaohui Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Plane Group ◽  
Plane Technique ◽  
Guided Puncture

Objective. The objective is to explore the clinical application value of ultrasound long- and short-axis planar technology in real-time guided puncture in minimally invasive percutaneous nephrology. Methods. The clinical data of 80 patients undergoing real-time ultrasound-guided minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy from September 2018 to October 2019 were analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups with different ultrasound-guided puncture techniques, long-axis in-plane technique and short-axis out-of-plane technique. Results. Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomies under real-time ultrasound guidance were successfully completed in both groups of patients. The success rate of the first puncture in the short-axis out-of-plane group was significantly higher than that in the long-axis in-plane group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P <.05); the total puncture time in the short-axis out-of-plane group was significantly less than the long-axis in-plane group, and the differences were statistical significance ( P <.05); there was no significant difference in the single-stage stone removal rate, total percutaneous renal channels, total hospital stay, and rate of complications by the Clavien classification between the 2 groups ( P > .05). Conclusion. Ultrasound long-axis and short-axis planar technologies can achieve good clinical application results in real-time guided puncture to establish percutaneous renal channels during minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Compared with the long-axis in-plane technique, the short-axis out-of-plane technique can shorten the puncture time and improve the success rate of the first puncture.

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