Trade-off Between Benefits and Safety Consideration: The Decision-making Process of Beijing Taxi Drivers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheying Lin ◽  
Jin Tian ◽  
Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
Safety Consideration

Evolutionary Bayesian Belief Networks for Participatory Water Resources Management under Uncertainty

2011 ◽  
pp. 524-539
Author(s):  
R. Farmani ◽  
D.A. Savic ◽  
H.J. Henriksen ◽  
J.L. Molina ◽  
R. Giordano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Bayesian Belief Networks ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Causal Loop Diagram ◽  
Belief Networks ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Conflicting Objectives

A participatory integrated (social, economic, environmental) approach based on causal loop diagram, Bayesian belief networks and evolutionary multiobjective optimisation is proposed for efficient water resources management. The proposed methodology incorporates all the conflicting objectives in the decision making process. Causal loop diagram allows a range of different factors to be considered simultaneously and provides a framework within which the contributions of stakeholders can be taken into account. Bayesian belief networks takes into account uncertainty by assigning probability to those variables whose states are not certain. The integration of Bayesian belief network with evolutionary multiobjective optimisation algorithm allows analysis of trade-off between different objectives and incorporation and acknowledgement of a broader set of decision goals into the search and decision making process. The proposed methodology is used to model decision making process for complex environmental problems, considering uncertainties, addressing temporal dynamics, uncovering discrepancies in decision analysis process (e.g. completeness or redundancy of the model based on utility function) and generating policy options that trade-off between conflicting objectives. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is examined in several water resources management problems. The case studies include optimum water demand management, UK; management of groundwater contamination of Copenhagen source capture zone areas, Denmark and simultaneous optimum management of four overexploited aquifers in Spain. It is shown that the proposed methodology generates large number of management options that trade-off between different objectives. The remaining task is to choose, depending on the preference of decision makers, a group of solutions for more detailed analysis.

Evolutionary Bayesian Belief Networks for Participatory Water Resources Management under Uncertainty

2010 ◽  
pp. 156-171
Author(s):  
R. Farmani ◽  
D.A. Savic ◽  
H.J. Henriksen ◽  
J.L. Molina ◽  
R. Giordano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Bayesian Belief Networks ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Causal Loop Diagram ◽  
Belief Networks ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Conflicting Objectives

A participatory integrated (social, economic, environmental) approach based on causal loop diagram, Bayesian belief networks and evolutionary multiobjective optimisation is proposed for efficient water resources management. The proposed methodology incorporates all the conflicting objectives in the decision making process. Causal loop diagram allows a range of different factors to be considered simultaneously and provides a framework within which the contributions of stakeholders can be taken into account. Bayesian belief networks takes into account uncertainty by assigning probability to those variables whose states are not certain. The integration of Bayesian belief network with evolutionary multiobjective optimisation algorithm allows analysis of trade-off between different objectives and incorporation and acknowledgement of a broader set of decision goals into the search and decision making process. The proposed methodology is used to model decision making process for complex environmental problems, considering uncertainties, addressing temporal dynamics, uncovering discrepancies in decision analysis process (e.g. completeness or redundancy of the model based on utility function) and generating policy options that trade-off between conflicting objectives. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is examined in several water resources management problems. The case studies include optimum water demand management, UK; management of groundwater contamination of Copenhagen source capture zone areas, Denmark and simultaneous optimum management of four overexploited aquifers in Spain. It is shown that the proposed methodology generates large number of management options that trade-off between different objectives. The remaining task is to choose, depending on the preference of decision makers, a group of solutions for more detailed analysis.

scholarly journals Procedural Analysis of Choice Rules with Applications to Bounded Rationality

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 724-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuval Salant
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Utility Maximization ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Choice Rule ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Process Information ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Recency Effects ◽  
Specific Choice

I study how limited abilities to process information affect choice behavior. I model the decision-making process by an automaton, and measure the complexity of a specific choice rule by the minimal number of states an automaton implementing the rule uses to process information. I establish that any choice rule that is less complicated than utility maximization displays framing effects. I then prove that choice rules that result from an optimal trade-off between maximizing utility and minimizing complexity are history-dependent satisficing procedures that display primacy and recency effects. (JEL D01, D03, D11, D83)

scholarly journals Pareto Explorer for Finding the Knee for Many Objective Optimization Problems

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1651
Author(s):  
Oliver Cuate ◽  
Oliver Schütze
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pareto Front ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Finite Size ◽  
Entire Solution ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Exploration Tool

Optimization problems where several objectives have to be considered concurrently arise in many applications. Since decision-making processes are getting more and more complex, there is a recent trend to consider more and more objectives in such problems, known as many objective optimization problems (MaOPs). For such problems, it is not possible any more to compute finite size approximations that suitably represent the entire solution set. If no users preferences are at hand, so-called knee points are promising candidates since they represent at least locally the best trade-off solutions among the considered objective values. In this paper, we extend the global/local exploration tool Pareto Explorer (PE) for the detection of such solutions. More precisely, starting from an initial solution, the goal of the modified PE is to compute a path of evenly spread solutions from this point along the Pareto front leading to a knee of the MaOP. The knee solution, as well as all other points from this path, are of potential interest for the underlying decision-making process. The benefit of the approach is demonstrated in several examples.

scholarly journals Worth the wait: Children trade off delay and reward in self- and other-benefiting decisions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari Liu ◽  
Gorana Gonzalez ◽  
Felix Warneken
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
The Self ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Other Regarding

Human prosocial behaviors are supported by early-emerging psychological processes that detect and fulfill the needs of others. However, little is known about the mechanisms that enable children to deliver benefits to others at costs to the self, which requires weighing other-regarding and self-serving preferences. We used an intertemporal choice paradigm to systematically study and compare these behaviors in 5-year-old children. Our results show that other-benefiting and self-benefiting behavior share a common decision-making process that integrates delay and reward. Specifically, we found that children sought to minimize delay and maximize reward, and traded off delays against rewards, regardless of whether these rewards were for children themselves or another child. However, we found that children were more willing to invest their time to benefit themselves than someone else. Together, these findings show that from childhood, other- and self-serving decisions are supported by a general mechanism that flexibly integrates information about the magnitude of rewards, and the opportunity costs of pursuing them.

scholarly journals Asymmetric decentralization: distortions and opportunities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Fiorillo ◽  
Michele G. Giuranno ◽  
Agnese Sacchi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
The Public ◽  
Optimal Degree ◽  
Public Decision ◽  
Public Decision Making

AbstractThis paper studies the interplay between central and local governments in defining the optimal degree of decentralization in terms of public goods supply. The choice between full centralization and asymmetric decentralization implies a trade-off between the possibility to provide public goods at a lower cost, wherever this is possible by decentralizing, and the possibility to fully internalize spillovers by full centralization. We find that asymmetric decentralization introduces distortions into the public decision-making process. We also demonstrate that the power to interfere in the central government’s ruling mechanisms should be reduced for the jurisdictions that have decentralized, in order to make their decentralization choice convenient even for the citizens in the less efficient jurisdictions. Finally, we find the conditions under which asymmetric decentralization can be simultaneously advantageous for both rich and poor regions through the design of appropriate equalization transfers.

AAC Decision-Making and Mobile Technology: Points to Ponder

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann Abbott ◽  
Debby McBride
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Ipod Touch ◽  
Feature Match

The purpose of this article is to outline a decision-making process and highlight which portions of the augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) evaluation process deserve special attention when deciding which features are required for a communication system in order to provide optimal benefit for the user. The clinician then will be able to use a feature-match approach as part of the decision-making process to determine whether mobile technology or a dedicated device is the best choice for communication. The term mobile technology will be used to describe off-the-shelf, commercially available, tablet-style devices like an iPhone®, iPod Touch®, iPad®, and Android® or Windows® tablet.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document