A Silicon Recording Probe with Integrated Ag/Agcl Reference Electrode for In-Situ PH Sensing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longchun Wang ◽  
Zhejun Guo ◽  
Bowen Ji ◽  
Ye Xi ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Ph Sensing

scholarly journals Titanium Nitride Thin Film Based Low-Redox-Interference Potentiometric pH Sensing Electrodes

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Shimrith Paul Shylendra ◽  
Wade Lonsdale ◽  
Magdalena Wajrak ◽  
Mohammad Nur-E-Alam ◽  
Kamal Alameh
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Titanium Nitride ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Ph Sensor ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Ph Sensors ◽  
Potential Shift ◽  
Double Junction

In this work, a solid-state potentiometric pH sensor is designed by incorporating a thin film of Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtered (RFMS) Titanium Nitride (TiN) working electrode and a commercial Ag|AgCl|KCl double junction reference electrode. The sensor shows a linear pH slope of −59.1 mV/pH, R2 = 0.9997, a hysteresis as low as 1.2 mV, and drift below 3.9 mV/h. In addition, the redox interference performance of TiN electrodes is compared with that of Iridium Oxide (IrO2) counterparts. Experimental results show −32 mV potential shift (E0 value) in 1 mM ascorbic acid (reducing agent) for TiN electrodes, and this is significantly lower than the −114 mV potential shift of IrO2 electrodes with sub-Nernstian sensitivity. These results are most encouraging and pave the way towards the development of miniaturized, cost-effective, and robust pH sensors for difficult matrices, such as wine and fresh orange juice.

Relationship between the membrane potential of the contractile vacuole complex and its osmoregulatory activity inParamecium multimicronucleatum

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (20) ◽  
pp. 3261-3270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Grønlien ◽  
Christian Stock ◽  
Marilynn S. Aihara ◽  
Richard D. Allen ◽  
Yutaka Naitoh
Keyword(s):  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contractile Vacuole ◽  
Hypertonic Solution ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Atpase Inhibitor ◽  
Filling Phase ◽  
High Level

SUMMARYThe electric potential of the contractile vacuole (CV) of Paramecium multimicronucleatum was measured in situ using microelectrodes,one placed in the CV and the other (reference electrode) in the cytosol of a living cell. The CV potential in a mechanically compressed cell increased in a stepwise manner to a maximal value (approximately 80 mV) early in the fluid-filling phase. This stepwise change was caused by the consecutive reattachment to the CV of the radial arms, where the electrogenic sites are located. The current generated by a single arm was approximately 1.3×10-10 A. When cells adapted to a hypotonic solution were exposed to a hypertonic solution, the rate of fluid segregation, RCVC, in the contractile vacuole complex (CVC) diminished at the same time as immunological labelling for V-ATPase disappeared from the radial arms. When the cells were re-exposed to the previous hypotonic solution, the CV potential, which had presumably dropped to near zero after the cell's exposure to the hypertonic solution, gradually returned to its maximum level. This increase in the CV potential occurred in parallel with the recovery of immunological labelling for V-ATPase in the radial arm and the resumption of RCVC or fluid segregation. Concanamycin B, a potent V-ATPase inhibitor, brought about significant decreases in both the CV potential and RCVC. We confirm that (i) the electrogenic site of the radial arm is situated in the decorated spongiome, and (ii) the V-ATPase in the decorated spongiome is electrogenic and is necessary for fluid segregation in the CVC. The CV potential remained at a constant high level(approximately 80 mV), whereas RCVC varied between cells depending on the osmolarity of the adaptation solution. Moreover, the CV potential did not change even though RCVC increased when cells adapted to one osmolarity were exposed to a lower osmolarity, implying that RCVC is not directly correlated with the number of functional V-ATPase complexes present in the CVC.

scholarly journals In Situ Recalibration of Ion Selective Electrodes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neel Sisodia ◽  
Kay McGuinness ◽  
Jay Deep Wadhawan ◽  
Nathan S Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Ph Sensors ◽  
Electrode Chamber

Reference electrode drift resulting from the exchange of ions at the solution/reference electrode chamber interface is the number one reason why ion selective electrodes and pH sensors in particular require...

scholarly journals A universal quasi-reference electrode for in situ EC-STM

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Auer ◽  
Julia Kunze-Liebhäuser
Keyword(s):  
Reference Electrode

scholarly journals Reference-Electrode Free pH Sensing Using Impedance Spectroscopy

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Folkertsma ◽  
Lennart Gehrenkemper ◽  
Jan Eijkel ◽  
Karin Gerritsen ◽  
Mathieu Odijk
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Double Layer Capacity ◽  
Proof Of Principle

We present a reference-electrode free sensor able to measure both pH and conductivitybased on impedance spectroscopy. The electrode is made of a layer of indium-tin-oxide (ITO). Theimpedance of this electrode at low frequencies depends on its double layer capacity, which varieswith pH due to modification of oxide groups at the ITO surface. At high frequencies, the impedanceis determined by the resistance in the system, which corresponds to the inverse conductivity of thesolution. Because no reference electrode is needed for this technique, miniaturization of the pHsensor is simple. We demonstrate a proof-of-principle experiment of the sensor for human plasmapH measurements.

Cantilever Beam Stress Measurements During Ion Irradiation

1995 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Van Sambeek ◽  
R.S. Averback
Keyword(s):  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
Beam Sample ◽  
Cantilevered Beam ◽  
In Situ Stress Measurements ◽  
Defect Relaxation

AbstractIn-situ stress measurements on single crystal MgO and A1203 have been performed during ion irradiation. A cantilevered beam sample arrangement was used, with the stress in the implanted layer determined from the deflection of the sample as measured by the change in capacitance between the free end of the sample and a reference electrode. Point defect concentrations are obtained by dividing the volume strain by the defect relaxation volume, with saturation values of 0.8 to 1.2% obtained for 1.0 MeV Ne, Ar and Kr irradiations. Defect production is sublinear with dose, with an efficiency of less than 25% compared to Kinchin-Pease predictions. Ionization induced annealing is evaluated with 1.0 MeV He and 1.0 MeV H irradiations following heavy ion irradiation.

Chemical stability and tunable luminescence of Ln(iii)–K(i) coordination polymers featuring a tracery-like architecture

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (61) ◽  
pp. 49110-49114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qipeng Li ◽  
Zeli Yuan ◽  
Jinjie Qian ◽  
Shaowu Du
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Sulfate Anion ◽  
Thermal And Chemical Stability

With the help of in situ generation of sulfate anion, three Ln(iii)–K(i) sulfate and oxalate coordination polymers have been synthesized. These compounds display thermal and chemical stability, as well as good temperature and pH sensing ability.

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