Three‐Dimensional Prediction of the Nose for Facial Approximation in a Thai Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumon Thitiorul ◽  
Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh ◽  
Sukon Prasitwattanaseree ◽  
Kriskrai Sitthiseripratip ◽  
Anak Iamaroon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Facial Approximation

scholarly journals Morphometric measurement of the proximal tibia to design the tibial component of total knee arthroplasty for the Thai population

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chotchuang Phombut ◽  
Supakit Rooppakhun ◽  
Bura Sindhupakorn
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Component ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Triangular Points

Abstract Purpose This study evaluates the morphology of the Thai proximal tibia based on three-dimensional (3D) models to design the tibial component. Methods The 3D models of 480 tibias were created using reverse engineering techniques from computed tomography imaging data obtained from 240 volunteers (120 males, 120 females; range 20–50 years). Based on 3D measurements, a digital ruler was used to measure the distance between the triangular points of the models. The morphometric parameters consisted of mediolateral length (ML), anteroposterior width (AP), medial anteroposterior width (MAP), lateral anteroposterior width (LAP), central to a medial length (CM), central to a lateral length (CL), medial anterior radius (MAR), lateral anterior radius (LAR), and tibial aspect ratio (AR). An independent t-test was performed for gender differences, and K-means clustering was used to find the optimum sizes of the tibial component with a correlation between ML length and AP width in Thai people. Results The average morphometric parameters of Thai proximal tibia, namely ML, AP, MAP, LAP, CM, and CL, were as follows: 72.52 ± 5.94 mm, 46.36 ± 3.84 mm, 49.22 ± 3.62 mm, 43.59 ± 4.05 mm, 14.29 ± 2.72 mm, and 15.28 ± 2.99 mm, respectively. The average of MAR, LAR, and AR was 24.43 ± 2.11 mm, 21.52 ± 2.00 mm, and 1.57 ± 0.08, respectively. All morphometric parameters in males were significantly higher than those of females. There was a difference between the Thai proximal tibia and other nationalities and a mismatch between the size of the commercial tibial component and the Thai knee. Using K-means clustering analysis, the recommended number of ML and AP is seven sizes for the practical design of tibial components to cover the Thai anatomy. Conclusion The design of the tibial component should be recommended to cover the anatomy of the Thai population. These data provide essential information for the specific design of Thai knee prostheses.

scholarly journals Prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms among first-degree relatives of Thai patients who had aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Waneerat Galassi ◽  
Warin Yuyangkate ◽  
Paweena Paholthep ◽  
Thipsumon Tangsriwong ◽  
Ponnarong Jaikon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Difference

Background: The prevalence of familial unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) in Thai population was unknown. Methods: Our study population comprised first-degree relatives of patients who were diagnosed with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) in two cerebrovascular neurosurgical centers from January 2018 to December 2018. The volunteers underwent three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography for screening intracranial aneurysms (IA). Those who were reported positive or suspected of IA then underwent computed tomography angiography for confirmation. Results: We identified 12 patients who had 12 unruptured IAs (UIAs) from among 93 first-degree relatives. The prevalence of UIA among our study population was 12.9%. An estimated prevalence of UIA among Thai population was 9.05% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.32–10.78). Of the 93 relatives, 84 had only one first-degree relative who suffered aSAH. Siblings posed a higher risk for UIA than offspring (16% vs. 9.5%), but the difference was not statistically significant (odds ratio 1.810, 95% CI 0.50–6.50, P = 0.274). The most common aneurysm location was the anterior cerebral artery territory (50%). Conclusion: The prevalence of familial UIA in a Thai population was relatively high. There was no significant between-group difference in the occurrence of UIA between the siblings and offspring of the aSAH patients.

Who is this person? A comparison study of current three-dimensional facial approximation methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 229 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 161.e1-161.e8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Summer Decker ◽  
Jonathan Ford ◽  
Stephanie Davy-Jow ◽  
Philippe Faraut ◽  
Wesley Neville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Approximation Methods ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Facial Approximation

Development of three-dimensional facial approximation system using head CT scans of Japanese living individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Imaizumi ◽  
Kei Taniguchi ◽  
Yoshinori Ogawa ◽  
Kazutoshi Matsuzaki ◽  
Hidemasa Maekawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Facial Approximation

scholarly journals Morphometric Analysis and Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Reconstruction of Thai Distal Femur

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1052
Author(s):  
Chotchuang Phombut ◽  
Supakit Rooppakhun ◽  
Bura Sindhupakorn
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
T Test ◽  
Intercondylar Notch ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Posterior Condyle

This study evaluates the distal femur morphology of the Thai population using a three-dimensional (3D) measurement method, measuring the distance between the triangular point of the femoral 3D model. The 3D model of 360 Thai femoral obtained from 180 volunteers (90 males, 90 females; range 20–50 years, average 32.8 years) was created using reverse engineering techniques from computed tomography imaging data. Using the 3D identified landmark method, the morphometric parameters evaluated included transepicondylar axis length (TEA), mediolateral length (ML), anteroposterior width (AP), medial anteroposterior width (MAP), lateral anteroposterior width (LAP), medial condyle width (MCW), lateral condyle width (LCW), intercondylar notch width (WIN), intercondylar notch depth (DIN), medial posterior condyle height (MPC), lateral posterior condyle height (LPC), femoral aspect ratio (ML/AP), lateral femoral aspect ratio (ML/LAP), and medial femoral aspect ratio (ML/MAP). The measured data were summarized for the analysis of an average value and standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent samples t-test, unequal variances t-test, and linear regression. A p-value less than 0.05 (<0.05) was regarded as statistically significant and indicates strong evidence of the hypothesis. Additionally, the K-means clustering analysis of Thai distal femoral to the optimum size of the prosthesis with the correlation between ML length and AP width was performed. The results found that the morphometric parameters of the Thai male distal femur were significantly different and higher than those of Thai females, except for the ratio of ML/AP and ML/MAP. Comparatively, there was a significant difference between the specific size of Thai distal femur and that of the Korean population, which was also smaller than that for Caucasians. In addition, there was a mismatch between the distal femoral component sizing of knee prosthesis and what is available and commonly used in Thailand. At least six sizes of ML and/or AP should be recommended for the reasonable design of distal femoral prosthesis for covering the anatomy of Thais. These data are useful for predicting the morphometric parameters in forensic anthropology and provide basic data for the design of knee prostheses suitable for the Thai population.

scholarly journals Orthodontists in forensic facial approximation (FFA): current inter-disciplinary perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kapoor ◽  
Aman Chowdhry ◽  
Deepika Bablani Popli
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Approximation ◽  
General Dentists

AbstractForensic odontology has contributed significantly in forensic investigations and involves various branches of dentistry including orthodontics. The current communication presents evidence-based perspective highlighting synergistic union of different specialties for Forensic Facial Approximation (FFA). It brings forth commonality in principles of anthropology, forensic science, anthropometry, anatomy, paleontology, forensic odontology, with orthodontics, used in FFA. Various attributes and skills of orthodontists’ aid in dental and skull profiling and the corresponding sex, age, and ethnicity-based soft tissue assessments for facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT), may aid a life-like appearance. They can assist hard tissue profiling by their expertise in growth of skeletal and soft tissue, along with the evolutionary trends in occlusion, and diet formulations. Their knowledge in identifying teeth patterns, dental/skeletal jaw relationships, cranial/facial indices, vertical/horizontal facial proportions, can help prepare skull for orientation and reconstruction. The dental, photographic, and radiographic records maintained by orthodontists and general dentists are instrumental in data retrieval, used in various software, clinical, or research areas. These can provide normative values for comparative analysis or facial recreation. The orthodontists can also assist anthropologists and forensic specialists in the virtual reconstructions due to their ease in using latest digital technologies including three-dimensional (3D) facial scan, stereo-photogrammetry, 3D printing, automated soft-tissue landmarks, growth, and age predictions. Thus, the current study established the commonality in concepts of various forensic disciplines with orthodontics, which can strengthen both forensic on-field facial approximations and hard/soft tissue research to further enhance the accuracy of contemporary digital software used in FFA.

The development and testing of Thai facial soft tissue thickness data in three-dimensional computerized forensic facial reconstruction

2021 ◽  
pp. 002580242110576
Author(s):  
Pagorn Navic ◽  
Patison Palee ◽  
Sangsom Prapayasatok ◽  
Sukon Prasitwattanaseree ◽  
Apichat Sinthubua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Computer Animation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Facial Reconstruction ◽  
Forensic Investigation ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Virtual Face

Forensic facial reconstruction is a useful tool to assist the public in recognizing human remains, leading to positive forensic investigation outcomes. To reproduce a virtual face, facial soft tissue thickness is one of the major guidelines to reach the accuracy and reliability for three-dimensional computerized facial reconstruction, a method that is making a significant contribution to improving forensic investigation and identification. This study aimed to develop a facial soft tissue thickness dataset for a Thai population, and test its reliability in the context of facial reconstruction. Three-dimensional facial reconstruction was conducted on four skulls (2 males and 2 females, with ages ranging between 51 to 60 years). Two main tools of three-dimensional computer animation and modeling software—Blender and Autodesk Maya—were used to rebuild the three-dimensional virtual face. The three-dimensional coordinate ( x, y, z) cutaneous landmarks on the mesh templates were aligned homologous to the facial soft tissue thickness markers on the three-dimensional skull model. The final three-dimensional virtual face was compared to the target frontal photograph using face pool comparison. Four three-dimensional virtual faces were matched at low to moderate levels, ranging from 30% to 70% accuracy. These results demonstrate that the facial soft tissue thickness database of a Thai population applied in this study could be useful for three-dimensional computerized facial reconstruction purposes.

The orbit of Pluto over a long interval of time

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbit ◽  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Restricted Problem ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Circular Restricted Problem ◽  
Resonance Relation

The paper presents a summary of the results obtained by C. J. Cohen and E. C. Hubbard, who established by numerical integration that a resonance relation exists between the orbits of Neptune and Pluto. The problem may be explored further by approximating the motion of Pluto by that of a particle with negligible mass in the three-dimensional (circular) restricted problem. The mass of Pluto and the eccentricity of Neptune's orbit are ignored in this approximation. Significant features of the problem appear to be the presence of two critical arguments and the possibility that the orbit may be related to a periodic orbit of the third kind.

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