Study of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Australian grain production landscapes

AbstractAphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera; Aphidiidae) were surveyed within grain production landscapes in Victoria, Australia between 2017 and 2018, as well as more sporadically nationwide between 2016 and 2019. In addition, aphidiine records were collated from insect depositories around Australia and online databases. The 5551 specimens recorded constituted a total of 23 species and seven genera. Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh) was the most common species, representing more than 70% of all aphidiines recorded. This species also showed a greater northerly geographic range than other aphidiines. During sampling between 2017 and 2019, aphidiines were reared from mummies to ascertain host-parasitoid relationships. Diaeretiella rapae was again the most commonly reared parasitoid, although aphidiine preference varied with aphid host and between states and territories. An illustrated dichotomous key to Australian aphidiines in grain production landscapes is provided for the 11 species sampled in our field surveys. This is the first comprehensive review of aphidiines sampled within Australia in over two decades. Knowledge about the diversity and distribution of these parasitoids is important for understanding their impact on current and future invasions of aphid species. In addition, understanding the interactions between grain aphids and their associated parasitoids will further support the inclusion of parasitoid wasps into integrated pest management (IPM) strategies.

Download Full-text

The role of graining in ensuring food security

Agrarian science ◽

10.32634/0869-8155-2020-335-2-75-79 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 75-79

Author(s):

R. M. Gambarova

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Systems Approach ◽

Point Of View ◽

Government Support ◽

Grain Production ◽

The Government ◽

Favorable Conditions ◽

Grain Farms

Relevance. Grain is the key to strategic products to ensure food security. From this point of view, the creation of large grain farms is a matter for the country's selfsufficiency and it leading to a decrease in financial expense for import. Creation of such farms creates an abundance of productivity from the area and leads to obtaining increased reproductive seeds. The main policy of the government is to minimize dependency from import, create abundance of food and create favorable conditions for export potential.The purpose of the study: the development of grain production in order to ensure food security of the country and strengthen government support for this industry.Methods: comparative analysis, systems approach.Results. As shown in the research, if we pay attention to the activities of private entrepreneurship in the country, we can see result of the implementation of agrarian reforms after which various types of farms have been created in republic.The role of privateentrepreneurshipinthedevelopmentofproduction is great. Тhe article outlines the sowing area, production, productivity, import, export of grain and the level of selfsufficiency in this country from 2015 till 2017.

Download Full-text

AGROTECHNOLOGICAL POLICY OF THE SOVIET STATE IN GRAIN PRODUCTION OF WESTERN SIBERIA IN THE SEC-OND HALF OF THE 1960S – THE FIRST HALF OF THE 1980S

History Facts and Symbols ◽

10.24888/2410-4205-2018-17-4-114-119 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

Author(s):

D.S. Orlov ◽

Keyword(s):

Western Siberia ◽

Grain Production ◽

Soviet State ◽

The 1960S

Download Full-text

Development of Infrastructure and Logistics Support for Russian Grain Exports

Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises ◽

10.31442/0235-2494-2020-0-8-2-9 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 2-9

Author(s):

A.I. Altukhov ◽

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Black Sea ◽

Throughput Capacity ◽

Grain Production ◽

Railway Stations ◽

Commodity Flows ◽

The Baltic ◽

Port Infrastructure ◽

Market Infrastructure

The article reveals the main reasons that hinder the development of infrastructure and logistics of Russian grain exports. These include, first of all, the underdevelopment of production, transport and market infrastructure; traditional discrepancy between the placement of grain production volumes and the capacities of elevators and granaries; significant stretching of rail and road communications, as well as shortcomings in the use of vehicles; the imperfection of the logistics schemes for the promotion of grain cargo and the relatively high cost of the services provided during their storage and transshipment. Therefore, the accelerated development of infrastructure and transport and logistics support for grain export deliveries in the country should include: an increase of almost one and a half times the nominal grain transshipment capacity; priority development of port infrastructure in the Baltic and Azov-Black Sea basins; increase in throughput capacity of port railway stations, access roads and highways; improving the management of grain commodity flows, the basis of which should be the introduction and development of the principles, forms and methods of logistics, the development and implementation of logistics schemes; reduction of infrastructure and logistics costs within the vertical grain supply chain.

Download Full-text