POLA RUANG EKONOMI DI KAWASAN PINGGIRAN PERKOTAAN

ABSTRACTThe development of the center of the city of Semarang is very rapid, leading to the outskirts. The outskirts, which were originally used as agricultural areas, have now been converted into built-up areas, settlements, trade and services. This research was conducted in Tembalang Village, which is an educational area, new settlements accompanied by the growth of economic activity. The purpose of this study is to find patterns of economic space in suburban urban areas. Methodology Descriptive analysis research using a qualitative and rationalistic deductive approach that focuses on the environmental approach (behavior approach) and the spatial economic approach. From the results of the analysis, it is concluded that Tembalang Village has an Economic Spatial Pattern that develops along the main road. Economic activities that follow this main road route form a network pattern. This pattern of economic space is also still visible in the surrounding area. The pattern of economic space that develops on the main road corridor has a high selling value of land. Every year there is an increase in land prices, both according to NJOP, land rental prices and land selling prices.Keywords: pattern, space, economy, activity, suburbs, urban. ABSTRAKPerkembangan pusat Kota Semarang yang sangat pesat, mengarah pada kawasan pinggiran. Kawasan pinggiran yang awalnya sebagai fungsi kawasan pertanian, banyak beralih fungsi menjadi kawasan terbangun, pemrmukiman, perdagangan dan jasa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Tembalang, yang merupakan kawasan pendidikan, permukiman baru disertai dengan pertumbuhan aktivitas ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini menemukan pola ruang ekonomi pada kawasan pinggiran perkotaan. Metodologi Penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deduktif Kualitatif Rasionalistik yang berfokus pada pendekatan lingkungan (behaviour approach) dan pendekatan ekonomi keruangan (spatial economic approach). Dari hasil analisis disimpulkan Kelurahan Tembalang memiliki Pola Ruang Ekonomi yang berkembang di sepanjang jalan utama. Kegiatan perekonomian yang mengikuti jalur jalan utama ini mementuk pola jaringan. Pola ruang ekonomi ini juga masih terlihat pada kawasan sekitarnya. Pola ruang ekonomi yang berkembang pada koridor jalan utama, memiliki nilai jual lahan yang tinggi. Semakin tahun mengalami kenaikan harga lahan baik menurut NJOP, harga sewa lahan maupun harga jual lahan.Kata kunci : pola,ruang, ekonomi, aktivitas, pinggiran, perkotaan.

Land Tenure Disputes and Resolution Mechanisms: Evidence from Peri-Urban and Nearby Rural Kebeles of Debre Markos Town, Ethiopia

In Ethiopia, like in other developing countries, land disputes are critical problems both in peri-urban and rural areas. Handling such disputes requires scientific and evidence-based interventions. This study analyzes the nature, types, and causes of land tenure disputes and the resolution mechanisms thereof in peri-urban and nearby rural kebeles of Debre Markos town. Interviews for the investigation were conducted with sample landholders and concerned legal experts in Debre Markos town’s peri-urban area and Gozamin Wereda of Amhara National Regional State in Ethiopia. Compared to rural areas, the incidence of land tenure disputes is high in peri-urban areas. The land tenure disputes identified in the study areas are boundary trespassing disputes, landholding disputes, land rental disagreements, divorce-related land disputes, bequeath disputes, parcel exchange disputes, and land use-related disputes. The land tenure disputes are resolved mainly by formal means such as court litigations and administrative decisions, or by informal means known as alternative dispute resolution mechanisms (ADRMs). In both study areas, negotiation, mediation/conciliation, and arbitration are the most frequently employed ADRMs. In particular, mediation plays a significant role in resolving symmetrical land tenure disputes both in peri-urban and rural areas.

MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ASSETS BY AGRION

Agrion is the leading professional agricultural land management company. In less than 7 years, the company has managed to establish itself as a market leader and is trusted by customers and partners. "Agrion offers a full range of services for landowners and farmers - land purchase and sale, land swaps, land rental and lease, lending, land leasing, etc. Additional options for active asset management are also available - renting, leasing, exchanging, buying farms and even whole businesses. The company was the first to introduce European standards for land property management.

Choice of Rural Collective Construction Land Sales and Rental Markets at the Theoretical Framework of Williamson’s Transaction Costs: Evidence from Nanhai District, Guangdong Province, China

The rural collective construction land (RCCL) market imperfections, as well as informal regulations, may have contributed to high transaction costs. Well-functioning land markets play an essential role in land-use revenue, land-use efficiency, and land allocation efficiency for the rural collective economic organization (RCEO). Therefore, specific land-use patterns and detailed transaction rules for the land rental market and land sales market, respectively, make a contribution to a suitable market model with lower transaction costs and higher market efficiency. Through an empirical investigation in Nanhai District, Gungdong Province, this article builds on the theoretical framework of Williamson’s transaction costs, where the asset specificity, uncertainty, and transaction frequency have a significant influence on the RCCL market model choice. Probit model results show that (1) the RCEO prefers to choose the land sales market when the RCCL market has higher asset specificity so that the land sales market can counteract transaction costs by creating land revenue for long-term investments. Thus, the land sales market is a more appropriate choice when the trading land is a large area in a great location. (2) The rental market choice is more suitable for the RCCL market with higher transaction uncertainty. Therefore, the RCEO can detail transaction rules for the land sales and rental markets, respectively. We propose that local governments need to announce regulations for the longest contract period and the land development planning (floor area ratio, building density, floor height, etc.) of different land-use types (industrial land and commercial land) for the land sales market and the land rental market.

The Capitalization Effect and Its Consequence of Agricultural Support Policies—Based on the Evidence of 800 Villages in China

The theoretical and empirical results of the capitalization effect of agricultural support policies on land rental price remain inconclusive. Based on the survey of Chinese Household Income Projects in 2007 and 2008, this paper adopts the panel data of 800 villages in 11 provinces in China to empirically analyze the impact of agricultural support policies on village-level land rental price. It shows that both output price support and agricultural subsidies have a significant positive effect on land rental price in the village. For each 1 CNY/kg increase in output price support, the land rental price in the village will rise by about 322.44 CNY/mu, while with an additional 1 CNY/mu increase in agricultural subsidies, it will increase by CNY 0.45. The stronger the social relationships in the village, the less area of land transfer for a fee and the lower the land rental price. For villages with weak social relationships or renting land to outsiders, output price support and agricultural subsidies can significantly increase the land rental price. Output price support and agricultural subsidies not only have a significant positive effect on the area of land transfer in the village but also an indirect negative effect on it by raising the price of regional land rent.

Farmland lease, high-rent threat and contract instability: evidence from China

PurposeThe purpose is to understand why contract instability occurs when small landowners lease their land to large landholders.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop a contract theoretical model to understand the stability problem in the farmland lease contract in China, where most landowners are small landholders.FindingsResults from the doubly robust estimation method used on randomly selected interview data from 552 households in nine provinces of China indicate that contract instability can arise endogenously when large landholders sign a contract. The authors conclude that a suitable rent control regime or contract enforcement may be necessary to promote a large-scale farmland transfer in China.Originality/valueThe authors develop a contract theoretical model and apply it to the land rental market in China. Data used are original and collected from farmers located in nine provinces of China.

CURRENT PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL LAND RENTAL

The article highlights one of the current problems in land relations. With the opening of the land market, this problem has become even more relevant, as the owner of the land today in the person of the landlord - is a subject not protected by the state. Some of the most important aspects of the landlord-tenant relationship will be covered in the next article. Keywords: standard contract, lease agreement, landlord, tenant, rights of the landlord, obligations of the tenant.