scholarly journals Systematic review: ileoanal pouch microbiota in health and disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Segal ◽  
S. Oke ◽  
G. L. Hold ◽  
S. K. Clark ◽  
O. D. Faiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ileoanal Pouch ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals The Lipocalin Apolipoprotein D Functional Portrait: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Sanchez ◽  
Maria D. Ganfornina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lipid Management ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Apolipoprotein D ◽  
Extracellular Structures ◽  
Cellular Compartments

Apolipoprotein D is a chordate gene early originated in the Lipocalin protein family. Among other features, regulation of its expression in a wide variety of disease conditions in humans, as apparently unrelated as neurodegeneration or breast cancer, have called for attention on this gene. Also, its presence in different tissues, from blood to brain, and different subcellular locations, from HDL lipoparticles to the interior of lysosomes or the surface of extracellular vesicles, poses an interesting challenge in deciphering its physiological function: Is ApoD a moonlighting protein, serving different roles in different cellular compartments, tissues, or organisms? Or does it have a unique biochemical mechanism of action that accounts for such apparently diverse roles in different physiological situations? To answer these questions, we have performed a systematic review of all primary publications where ApoD properties have been investigated in chordates. We conclude that ApoD ligand binding in the Lipocalin pocket, combined with an antioxidant activity performed at the rim of the pocket are properties sufficient to explain ApoD association with different lipid-based structures, where its physiological function is better described as lipid-management than by long-range lipid-transport. Controlling the redox state of these lipid structures in particular subcellular locations or extracellular structures, ApoD is able to modulate an enormous array of apparently diverse processes in the organism, both in health and disease. The new picture emerging from these data should help to put the physiological role of ApoD in new contexts and to inspire well-focused future research.

Systematic review: gastric microbiota in health and disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 582-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Rajilic-Stojanovic ◽  
Ceu Figueiredo ◽  
Annemieke Smet ◽  
Richard Hansen ◽  
Juozas Kupcinskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Gastric Microbiota

Deoxygenation of inspiratory muscles during cycling, hyperpnoea and loaded breathing in health and disease: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako Tanaka ◽  
Nada Basoudan ◽  
Luana T. Melo ◽  
Lisa Wickerson ◽  
Laurent J. Brochard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Inspiratory Muscles ◽  
Loaded Breathing ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Prevalence of ‘pouch failure’ of the ileoanal pouch in ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Alsafi ◽  
Alice Snell ◽  
Jonathan P. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ileoanal Pouch ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pouch Failure ◽  
Bowel Continuity ◽  
Redo Pouch

Abstract Background and aims The ileoanal pouch (IPAA) provides patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) that have not responded to medical therapy an option to retain bowel continuity and defecate without the need for a long-term stoma. Despite good functional outcomes, some pouches fail, requiring permanent diversion, pouchectomy, or a redo pouch. The incidence of pouch failure ranges between 2 and 15% in the literature. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to define the prevalence of pouch failure in patients with UC who have undergone IPAA using population-based studies. Methods We searched Embase, Embase classic and PubMed from 1978 to 31st of May 2021 to identify cross-sectional studies that reported the prevalence of pouch failure in adults (≥ 18 years of age) who underwent IPAA for UC. Results Twenty-six studies comprising 23,389 patients were analysed. With < 5 years of follow-up, the prevalence of pouch failure was 5% (95%CI 3–10%). With ≥ 5 but < 10 years of follow-up, the prevalence was 5% (95%CI 4–7%). This increased to 9% (95%CI 7–16%) with ≥ 10 years of follow-up. The overall prevalence of pouch failure was 6% (95%CI 5–8%). Conclusions The overall prevalence of pouch failure in patients over the age of 18 who have undergone restorative proctocolectomy in UC is 6%. These data are important for counselling patients considering this operation. Importantly, for those patients with UC being considered for a pouch, their disease course has often resulted in both physical and psychological morbidity and hence providing accurate expectations for these patients is vital.

Syndecan in health and disease – A systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Tanoj Kumar ◽  
Veena Bhojaraj Pujari ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Smitha C N ◽  
Virsen Jaysingrao Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota, Probiotics and Psychological States and Behaviors after Bariatric Surgery—A Systematic Review of Their Interrelation

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2396
Author(s):  
Jessica Cook ◽  
Christine Lehne ◽  
Alisa Weiland ◽  
Rami Archid ◽  
Yvonne Ritze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota plays an important role in health and disease, including brain function and behavior. Bariatric surgery (BS) has been reported to result in various changes in the GI microbiota, therefore demanding the investigation of the impact of GI microbiota on treatment success. The goal of this systematic review was to assess the effects of BS on the microbiota composition in humans and other vertebrates, whether probiotics influence postoperative health, and whether microbiota and psychological and behavioral factors interact. A search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science to find relevant studies with respect to the GI microbiota and probiotics after BS, and later screened for psychological and behavioral parameters. Studies were classified into groups and subgroups to provide a clear overview of the outcomes. Microbiota changes were further assessed for whether they were specific to BS in humans through the comparison to sham operated controls in other vertebrate studies. Changes in alpha diversity appear not to be specific, whereas dissimilarity in overall microbial community structure, and increases in the abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria and Akkermansia spp. within the phylum Verrucomicrobia after surgery were observed in both human and other vertebrates studies and may be specific to BS in humans. Human probiotic studies differed regarding probiotic strains and dosages, however it appeared that probiotic interventions were not superior to a placebo for quality of life scores or weight loss after BS. The relationship between GI microbiota and psychological diseases in this context is unclear due to insufficient available data.

Pancreas volume in health and disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 757-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve V. DeSouza ◽  
Ruma G. Singh ◽  
Harry D. Yoon ◽  
Rinki Murphy ◽  
Lindsay D. Plank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Pancreas Volume

scholarly journals Current Explorations of Nutrition and the Gut Microbiome: A Systematic Review (P20-032-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Frame ◽  
Elise Costa ◽  
Scott Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Health And Disease

Abstract Objectives The ability to measure and describe the microbiome has led to a surge in information about the gut microbiome and its role in health and disease. The relationship between nutrition and the gut microbiome is central, as the diet is a source of microbiota, a source of fuel for the microbiota, and an indicator of the composition of the gut microbiome. We aim to assess the current understanding of the interactions between nutrition and the gut microbiome in healthy adults. A solid understanding of the interactions between nutrition and a healthy gut microbiome will form the foundation for understanding the role in disease prevention and treatment. Methods PubMed and Google Scholar searches for review articles relating to nutrition and the gut microbiome in healthy adults led to the inclusion of 38 articles in this systematic review. Results Much of the research has focused on carbohydrates in the form of dietary fiber, which are fuel for the gut microbiota. The beneficial effects of fiber have centered on Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) that are required by colonocytes (barrier function), improve absorption (minerals, water), and reduce intestinal transit time (colon cancer). Contrastingly, a low fiber, high protein diet promotes microbial protein metabolism, leading to potentially dangerous by-products that can stagnate in the gut. The bidirectional relationship between micronutrition and the gut microbiome is emerging. The microbiota utilize and produce micronutrients, leading to confounding relationships between nutritional status and biologic micronutrient concentrations, chiefly the B and K vitamins. While promising, the study of non-nutritive food components (polyphenols) and the gut microbiome is in its infancy. The role of other food components (food additives, contaminants) warrant exploration and are a significant research gap to-date. Conclusions Diet and nutrition have profound effects on the gut microbiome composition. This, in turn, affects a wide array of metabolic, hormonal, and neurological processes that influence our health and disease. Currently, there is no consensus in the scientific community on what defines a “healthy” gut microbiome. Future research must consider individual responses to diet and the role of diet in the response of the gut microbiome to interventions. Funding Sources N/A. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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