Three different C: N ratios for Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei under practical conditions: Evaluation of growth performance, immune and metabolic pathways

UVA is the most common type of solar UV radiation in aquatic environments; however, the effects it causes in shrimp farming in recirculating water systems (RAS) is unclear. Thus, the growth performance, immune responses, antioxidant status and apoptosis-related gene expression in Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (body weight 9.56 ± 0.10 g), reared with 12L: 12D full spectrum light as background light under five UVA (peak at 400 nm) photoperiods (0L: 24D, 2L: 22D, 4L: 20D, 8L: 16D and 12L: 12D) at a light intensity of 1 W/m2 were investigated. The results showed that the 2L: 22D and 4L: 20D UVA photoperiods enhanced the growth performance and reduced the feed conversion ratio and the shrimp mortality. Shrimp exposed to UVA (2L: 22D and 4L: 20D) also displayed higher levels of hepatopancreas catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), phenol oxidase (PO) and lysozyme (LZM) compared to the 8L: 16D and 12L: 12D groups. The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in line with the extension of the UVA irradiation time. The mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes in all the UVA treatments were significantly higher than with the control treatment, except for the 2L: 22D group. The results of the 2L: 22D and 4L: 20D treatments were significantly higher than those of the control group, except for LGBP. In conclusion, 2L: 22D and 4L: 20D UVA photoperiods increased growth performance and decreased FCR, improved the innate immunity and antioxidant response and reduced the mortality rate in adult shrimp.

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EVALUATION OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF L-LYSINE AND PHYTASE IN CORN GLUTEN MEAL-SOYBEAN MEAL BASED DIETS FOR PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP PENAEUS VANNAMEI (BOONE, 1931)

Indian Journal of Fisheries ◽

10.21077/ijf.2019.67.1.91358-11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

Author(s):

K. Manikandan ◽

N. Felix

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Whole Body ◽

Penaeus Vannamei ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Corn Gluten Meal ◽

Corn Gluten

An eight-weeks feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of dietary L-lysine and/or phytase supplementation in corn gluten meal-soybean meal (CGM-SBM) protein blend diets on the growth, apparent digestibility, whole body chemical composition and digestive enzyme activity of Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) juveniles. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated viz., control diet (T0), with 20% fishmeal was compared against four CGM-SBM based diets, T1 with no supplementation, T2 supplemented with L-lysine, T3 supplemented with phytase and T4 supplemented with L-lysine + phytase. Dietary lysine supplementation had a significant effect (p<0.05) on growth performance and feed conversion ratio (FCR), while supplementation of dietary phytase had no effect on growth performance. Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) value for crude protein increased by 2.5 to 3% on supplementation of phytase (500 FTU kg-1 feed) in the diets. The protein digestibility increased by 8 to 11% with the addition of dietary phytase than other treatment groups with no supplementation of phytase. The amylase and lipase enzyme activity of T3 and T4 supplemented with dietary phytase was higher than the groups that were not supplemented with dietary phytase. Higher protease activity was observed in T2 diet supplemented with dietary L-lysine. L-lysine and phytase supplementation in plant based CGM-SBM protein blend diets resulted in better growth performance of P. vannamei.

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