scholarly journals Adiponectin improves endothelial function in mesenteric arteries of rats fed a high-fat diet: role of perivascular adipose tissue

2017 ◽  
Vol 174 (20) ◽  
pp. 3514-3526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina M Sena ◽  
Ana Pereira ◽  
Rosa Fernandes ◽  
Liliana Letra ◽  
Raquel M Seiça
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

Abstract P291: High Fat Diet Promotes Hypertension and Vascular Remodeling but Not Vascular Fibrosis or Altered Contractility in Dahl Salt Sensitive Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne Fernandes ◽  
Patricia A Perez Bonilla ◽  
Hannah Garver ◽  
James J Galligan ◽  
Gregory D Fink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Morphological Studies

Obesity associated hypertension in rodent models is commonly associated with altered vascular reactivity to sympathetic neurotransmitters and inflammation-induced vascular remodeling/fibrosis. Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats exhibit elevated sympathetic activity and vascular remodeling. We hypothesized that diet-induced obesity in Dahl SS rats would promote hypertension, vascular dysfunction and remodeling/fibrosis. Male Dahl SS rats were placed on high fat diet (HFD, 60% kcal from fat with final concentrations of 0.33% NaCl and 1% K + , n=5) or normal-fat diet (NFD; 10% kcal from fat, 0.24% NaCl, 0.36% K + , n=5) for 24-26 weeks after weaning (3 weeks of age). Compared with NFD rats, HFD rats displayed severe hypertension (MAP, 165±4 mmHg vs 133±6 mmHg, P<0.05), higher body-weight (470±6g vs 433±7g, P<0.05), and hyperlipidemia (cholesterol, 211±22 mg/dl vs 138±23 mg/dl, P=0.05). HFD rats did not show significant changes in plasma levels of fasting glucose (85±5 mg/dl vs 75±5 mg/dl), insulin (2.6±0.8 ng/ml vs 2.2±1.1 ng/ml), leptin (0.77±0.18 ng/ml vs 0.44±0.06 ng/ml), or aldosterone (249±3 pg/ml vs 234±3 pg/ml) (all P>0.05). HFD did not affect pressurized mesenteric arterial (~300 μm inner diameter, 60 mmHg) reactivity to norepinephrine or ATP in vitro . Pressurized mesenteric arteries from HFD rats displayed thicker walls (Ca 2+ free buffer, 40±1 μm vs 36±1 μm, P<0.05), but showed slightly increased distensibility. Morphological studies did not reveal greater fibrosis in adventitia of mesenteric, intrarenal and coronary arteries from HFD rats. However, HFD induced inflammation in mesenteric perivascular adipose tissue, as shown by increased CD3 positive cell infiltration and histological evidence of fibrosis and angiogenesis. Our studies indicate that HFD in male Dahl SS rats promotes hypertension, perivascular adipose tissue inflammation and vascular remodeling, but not vascular fibrosis. Alteration of vascular contractility to sympathetic neurotransmitters, however, is not required for obesity associated hypertension in Dahl SS rats.

Anti-contractile effects of perivascular adipose tissue in thoracic aorta from rats fed a high-fat diet: role of aerobic exercise training

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hygor N. Araujo ◽  
Jamaira A. Victório ◽  
Carmem P. Valgas da Silva ◽  
Amanda C. S. Sponton ◽  
Jean F. Vettorazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals The Role of O-GlcNAcylation in Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction of Offspring of High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina E. Zaborska ◽  
Gillian Edwards ◽  
Clare Austin ◽  
Mark Wareing
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction

scholarly journals Novel anti-inflammatory role of SLPI in adipose tissue and its regulation by high fat diet

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata J Adapala ◽  
Kimberly K Buhman ◽  
Kolapo M Ajuwon
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals The Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Early Changes in Arterial Function during High-Fat Diet and Its Combination with High-Fructose Intake in Rats

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1552
Author(s):  
Jozef Torok ◽  
Anna Zemancikova ◽  
Zuzana Valaskova ◽  
Peter Balis
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fructose Intake ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Isolated Arteries

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of a high-fat diet and its combination with high-fructose intake on young normotensive rats, with focus on the modulatory effect of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) on the reactivity of isolated arteries. Six-week-old Wistar–Kyoto rats were treated for 8 weeks with a control diet (10% fat), a high-fat diet (HFD; 45% fat), or a combination of the HFD with a 10% solution of fructose. Contractile and relaxant responses of isolated rat arteries, with preserved and removed PVAT for selected vasoactive stimuli, were recorded isometrically by a force displacement transducer. The results demonstrated that, in young rats, eight weeks of the HFD might lead to body fat accumulation and early excitation of the cardiovascular sympathetic nervous system, as shown by increased heart rate and enhanced arterial contractile responses induced by endogenous noradrenaline released from perivascular sympathetic nerves. The addition of high-fructose intake deteriorated this state by impairment of arterial relaxation and resulted in mild elevation of systolic blood pressure; however, the increase in arterial neurogenic contractions was not detected. The diet-induced alterations in isolated arteries were observed only in the presence of PVAT, indicating that this structure is important in initiation of early vascular changes during the development of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Maternal separation enhances anticontractile perivascular adipose tissue function in male rats on a high-fat diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (6) ◽  
pp. R1085-R1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Analia S. Loria ◽  
Frank T. Spradley ◽  
Ijeoma E. Obi ◽  
Bryan K. Becker ◽  
Carmen De Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

Clinical studies have shown that obesity negatively impacts large arteries’ function. We reported that rats exposed to maternal separation (MatSep), a model of early life stress, display enhanced angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced vasoconstriction in aortic rings cleaned of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) under normal diet (ND) conditions. We hypothesized that exposure to MatSep promotes a greater loss of PVAT-mediated protective effects on vascular function and loss of blood pressure (BP) rhythm in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) when compared with controls. MatSep was performed in male Wistar-Kyoto rats from days 2 to 14 of life. Normally reared littermates served as controls. On ND, aortic rings from MatSep rats with PVAT removed showed increased ANG II-mediated vasoconstriction versus controls; however, rings from MatSep rats with intact PVAT displayed blunted constriction. This effect was exacerbated by an HFD in both groups; however, the anticontractile effect of PVAT was greater in MatSep rats. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was similar in MatSep and control rats fed an ND, regardless of the presence of PVAT. HFD impaired aortic relaxation in rings without PVAT from MatSep rats, whereas the presence of PVAT improved relaxation in both groups. On an HFD, immunolocalization of vascular smooth muscle-derived ANG-(1–7) and PVAT-derived adiponectin abundances were increased in MatSep. In rats fed an HFD, 24-h BP and BP rhythms were similar between groups. In summary, MatSep enhanced the ability of PVAT to blunt the heightened ANG II-induced vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction in rats fed an HFD. This protective effect may be mediated via the upregulation of vasoprotective factors within the adipovascular axis.

scholarly journals Increased mitochondrial ROS generation mediates the loss of the anti-contractile effects of perivascular adipose tissue in high-fat diet obese mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 174 (20) ◽  
pp. 3527-3541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Menezes da Costa ◽  
Rafael S Fais ◽  
Carlos R P Dechandt ◽  
Paulo Louzada-Junior ◽  
Luciane C Alberici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Ros

P735Interleukin-33 induced eosinophilia restores perivascular adipose tissue function in obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Saxton ◽  
R J Potter ◽  
S B Withers ◽  
R Grencis ◽  
A M Heagerty
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue

Abstract Background/Purpose Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is essential in the modulation of vascular tone. Recently we have shown that resident eosinophils play a vital role in regulating PVAT function. In obesity, eosinophil numbers are reduced and PVAT anticontractile function is lost, resulting in increased vascular tone, which will contribute to development of hypertension and type-2 diabetes. Evidence suggests that eosinophilia resulting from parasitic infection may be useful in improving glucose tolerance; therefore, we investigated the effects of eosinophilia on PVAT function in health and obesity. Methods Control mice and a high fat fed mouse model of obesity were administered intraperitoneal injections of interleukin-33 (IL-33, 0.1μg) over a five day period. Blood pressure, blood glucose and plasma insulin were measured and compared with un-injected control and obese mice. Wire myography was used to assess the vascular contractility of mesenteric arteries (<250μm, +/− PVAT) from both injected and un-injected control and obese mice in response to noradrenaline. ELISAs and immunohistochemistry were used to examine eosinophil numbers. Results High fat feeding induced significant elevations in blood pressure, blood glucose and plasma insulin, which were reduced using IL-33 injections. Eosinophilia was confirmed in blood plasma using an eosinophil cationic protein ELISA. Using wire myography, mesenteric arteries from control mice PVAT exerted an anticontractile effect on the vessels, which was enhanced in control mice injected with IL-33. In obese mice, the PVAT anticontractile effect was lost, but was restored in IL-33 injected obese mice. Using immunohistochemistry, we confirm that eosinophils numbers in PVAT were reduced in obesity and increased in IL-33 treated PVAT. Conclusions IL-33 injections induced eosinophilia in both control and obese mice. IL-33 treatment restored PVAT function in obesity, and enhanced the anticontractile function of PVAT in healthy animals. In addition, only five consecutive injections of IL-33 reversed development of hypertension and type-2 diabetes in obese mice. These data suggest that IL-33 induced eosinophilia presents a novel approach to treatment of hypertension and type-2 diabetes in obesity. Acknowledgement/Funding British Heart Foundation

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document