Population structure of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. sensu stricto in Pinus brutia Ten. in south‐western Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Refika Ceyda Beram ◽  
Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi ◽  
Ayşe Gülden Aday Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Pinus Brutia

scholarly journals Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Isolated from Nine-Banded Armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) Reveal Population Structure and Admixture in the Amazon Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Eduardo Bagagli ◽  
Daniel Ricardo Matute ◽  
Hans Garcia Garces ◽  
Bernardo Guerra Tenório ◽  
Adalberto Garcia Garces ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Show Evidence

Paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal disease to Latin America caused by at least five species-level genotypes of Paracoccidioides, named P. lutzii, P. brasiliensis (S1a and S1b populations), P. americana, P. restrepiensis, and P. venezuelensis. In this manuscript, we report on Paracoccidioides sp. sampling efforts in armadillos from two different areas in Brazil. We sequenced the genomes of seven Paracoccidioides isolates and used phylogenomics and populations genetics for genotyping. We found that P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii are both present in the Amazon region. Additionally, we identified two Paracoccidioides isolates that seem to be the result of admixture between divergent populations within P. brasiliensis sensu stricto. Both of these isolates were recovered from armadillos in a P. lutzii endemic area in Midwestern Brazil. Additionally, two isolates from human patients also show evidence of resulting from admixture. Our results suggest that the populations of P. brasiliensis sensu stricto exchange genes in nature. More generally, they suggest that population structure and admixture within species is an important source of variation for pathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Contrasting Patterns of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Armillaria mellea sensu stricto in the Eastern and Western United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 708-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra Baumgartner ◽  
Renaud Travadon ◽  
Johann Bruhn ◽  
Sarah E. Bergemann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Armillaria Mellea ◽  
Genetic Pools

Armillaria mellea infects hundreds of plant species in natural and managed ecosystems throughout the Northern hemisphere. Previously reported nuclear genetic divergence between eastern and western U.S. isolates is consistent with the disjunct range of A. mellea in North America, which is restricted mainly to both coasts of the United States. We investigated patterns of population structure and genetic diversity of the eastern (northern and southern Appalachians, Ozarks, and western Great Lakes) and western (Berkeley, Los Angeles, St. Helena, and San Jose, CA) regions of the United States. In total, 156 diploid isolates were genotyped using 12 microsatellite loci. Absence of genetic differentiation within either eastern subpopulations (θST = –0.002, P = 0.5 ) or western subpopulations (θST = 0.004, P = 0.3 ) suggests that spore dispersal within each region is sufficient to prevent geographic differentiation. In contrast to the western United States, our finding of more than one genetic cluster of isolates within the eastern United States (K = 3), revealed by Bayesian assignment of multilocus genotypes in STRUCTURE and confirmed by genetic multivariate analyses, suggests that eastern subpopulations are derived from multiple founder sources. The existence of amplifiable and nonamplifiable loci and contrasting patterns of genetic diversity between the two regions demonstrate that there are two geographically isolated, divergent genetic pools of A. mellea in the United States.

Population structure of Heterobasidion annosum from North America and Europe

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1064-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Otrosina ◽  
Thomas E. Chase ◽  
Fields W. Cobb Jr. ◽  
Kari Korhonen
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
The North ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Intersterility Groups ◽  
European Populations

Isolates of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. representing North American S and P and European S, P, and F intersterility groups were subjected to isozyme analysis. European S, P, and F groups had more variability than the North American S and P groups in expected hterozygosity, number of alleles per locus, and percent polymorphic loci. In contrast with the North American S and P groups, the European intersterility groups could not be distinguished from each other on the basis of individual isozyme loci, although significant differences in allele frequencies exist between European S and P groups. This suggests that evolution proceeded at different rates in the intersterility groups, or intersterility barriers appeared later in the European populations relative to the North American populations of H. annosum. Changes in climate and host species associations during the Tertiary may have been a major factor in evolution of H. annosum intersterility groups. Key words: allozymes, forest tree hosts, playnological events, evolutionary relationships, Hymenomycetes, root disease.

Influence of fire on belowground root biomass and soil respiration dynamics in young brutian pine (Pinus brutia) stands in north-western Turkey

2006 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. S167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aydın Tüfekçioğlu ◽  
Tuncay Bilmiş ◽  
Bülent Sağlam ◽  
Mehmet Küçük ◽  
Lokman Altun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Pinus Brutia ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals Population structure and spatial distribution of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf.

2020 ◽  
pp. 3000-3005
Author(s):  
Priscila Bezerra de Souza ◽  
Bruno Aurélio Campos Aguiar ◽  
Giuseppe Varaschim Neto ◽  
Euclides Figueredo Fonseca ◽  
Bárbara Maria Martins Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Dispersion Index ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
J Curve ◽  
Dispersion Indices ◽  
Copaifera Langsdorffii ◽  
Morisita Index ◽  
Index Calculation

The aim of this work was to analyze the population structure and the spatial distribution of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. in two areas of the Cerrado biome. The study was carried out in two physiognomies of the Cerrado biome: cerrado sensu stricto and cerradão, both located in the southern region of the state of Tocantins. The spatial distribution was evaluated using Morisita and dispersion indices, as well as the population structure of C. langsdorffii. We quantified 318 individuals of C. langsdorffii in the two studied areas. There were 200 individuals sampled in the cerrado sensu stricto and 118 in the area of cerradão. Regarding the type of spatial distribution of individuals of C. langsdorffii, the value found for the Morisita index was 2.67 in the physiognomy of cerrado sensu stricto, suggesting grouped spatial distribution (I >1). The dispersion index calculation showed that, in fact, the spatial distribution of the individuals sampled in the two areas was the grouped type; for the area of cerrado sensu stricto, the variance (S2) found was 24.21 and for the cerradão it was 9.67, higher than their means 10.00 and 9.67 respectively. By analyzing the age structure of the population of C. langsdorffii, we found a typical trend of the inverted-J curve, suggesting that the areas studied are self-regenerating communities composed of young and developing individuals.

PREDICTING CANOPY FUEL CHARACTERISTICS IN Pinus brutia Ten., Pinus nigra Arnold AND Pinus pinaster Ait. FORESTS FROM STAND VARIABLES IN NORTH-WESTERN TURKEY

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
Omer Kucuk ◽  
Merih Goltas ◽  
Tufan Demirel ◽  
Ioannis Mitsopoulos ◽  
Ertugrul Bilgili
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Pinus Brutia ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Ait ◽  
Fuel Characteristics ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals Population structure of a novel putative mycovirus infecting the conifer root-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato

Virology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 422 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva J. Vainio ◽  
Rafiqul Hyder ◽  
Gülden Aday ◽  
Everett Hansen ◽  
Tuula Piri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum

scholarly journals First Report of Heterobasidion parviporum (S Group of H. annosum sensu lato) on Tsuga spp. in Asia

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007-1007
Author(s):  
Y. C. Dai ◽  
K. Korhonen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Demarcation Line ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pinus Spp ◽  
And Control

Members of the Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. complex are among the most important pathogens in coniferous forests of Europe and North America. Three intersterile groups (P, S, and F) have been found in this complex from Europe (1) and were recently segregated into three species based on intersterility, host preferences, and morphology (4). In a survey of wood-rotting fungi in China in 2002, Heterobasidion spp. were found on Tsuga chinensis (Franch.) Pritz and T. dumosa (D. Don) Eichl. in natural forests from the northern Sichuan Province of southwestern China (32°43′ to 33°11′ N, 103°50′ to 103°53′ E.). Basidiocarps of the fungus were relatively common on decayed wood in roots of dead trees, stumps, and fallen trunks. We collected four basidiocarps (Dai 4045, 4051, 4214, and 4224 in the Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, IFP) from three stands of mixed coniferous forests and made 40 homokaryotic, single-basidiospore cultures (02046, 02047, 02050, and 02051 in the Finnish Forest Research Institute). Two homokaryons from each basidiocarp were paired with homokaryotic tester strains of European H. annosum (P group), H. parviporum Niemelä & Korhonen (S group), and H. abietinum Niemelä & Korhonen (F group). The pairings showed that the progeny from the four basidiocarps are H. parviporum. The Chinese isolates did not form clamp connections with H. annosum sensu stricto, and a strong demarcation line developed in all these pairings. In contrast, the Chinese isolates formed clamp connections in almost every pairing with European H. parviporum, the clamp connections developed in both sides of the pairings, and no distinct demarcation line was present in most of these pairings. The Chinese homokaryons were also compatible with European H. abietinum, but in most of these pairings, clamp connections were found in the isolate from China but not in the European tester, and a demarcation line was present in most of the pairings. In contrast to H. annosum sensu stricto, the Chinese basidiocarps had smaller pores (4.5 to 6 per mm versus 3 to 4.5 per mm), and a thin tomentum on the pileal surface in contrast to the basidiocarps of H. abietinum. Previously, H. parviporum was found in Asia on coniferous hosts such as Abies, Larix, Picea and Pinus spp. (2). The North American S group of H. annosum sensu lato attacks species of Tsuga spp. in western North America (3), but to our knowledge, this is the first report of H. parviporum on native species of Tsuga spp. outside North America. References: (1) P. Capretti et al. Eur. J. For. Pathol. 20:231, 1990. (2) Y. C. Dai and K. Korhonen. Eur. J. For. Pathol. 29:273, 1999. (3) G. M. Filip and D. J. Morrison. North America. Pages 405–427 in: Heterobasidion annosum. Biology, Ecology, Impact and Control. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 1998. (4) T. Niemelä and K. Korhonen. Taxonomy of the genus Heterobasidion. Pages 27–33 in: Heterobasidion annosum. Biology, Ecology, Impact and Control. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 1998.

scholarly journals Population structure of Annona coriacea Mart. (Annonaceae) in different Cerrado phytophysiognomies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3330
Author(s):  
Patrícia Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Jessica Barros Cabral Valente ◽  
Patricia Lacerda Silva ◽  
Carolina Ferreira Gomes ◽  
Gisele Cristina de Oliveira Menino
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
T Test ◽  
Savanna Woodland ◽  
Establishment Success ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Absolute Density

Knowing the regeneration and structure of a species in different phytophysiognomies is extremely important to understand its pattern of occurrence. In spite of its importance, this type of study is still scarce in the Cerrado biome. In this perspective, this work aimed to compare the structure of the arboreal and regenerating strata of Annona coriacea in the cerrado sensu stricto and in the cerradão (savanna woodland). For that purpose, 13 plots of 400m² were installed in each physiognomy. All individuals of A. coriacea were sampled and had their diameter and height measured. The individuals were divided into regenerating and arboreal and were distributed in classes of height and diameter. Furthermore, the absolute density and the basal area of each extract were calculated in each physiognomy. The parameters were compared using the T-test. In total, 130 individuals of A. Coriacea were sampled, with 42 regenerating individuals in the cerrado sensu stricto and 49 in the cerradão. As for the arboreal individuals, 33 were sampled in the cerrado sensu stricto and 6 in the cerradão. All evaluated parameters revealed to be significantly different for the physiognomies. Based on these results, it is possible to affirm that A. coriacea did not present a distribution pattern in the two physiognomies, although it presents a better establishment success in the cerrado sensu stricto. In the cerradão, although the seeds can germinate, the seedlings fail to develop and reach the adult age.

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