Perceived stress mediates the relationship between social adaptation and quality of life in individuals at ultra high risk of psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1447-1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ortega ◽  
Itziar Montalvo ◽  
Rosa Monseny ◽  
Elisabet Vilella ◽  
Javier Labad
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Investigating Cognitive and Clinical Predictors of Real-Life Functioning, Functional Capacity, and Quality of Life in Individuals at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Birkedal Glenthøj ◽  
Tina Dam Kristensen ◽  
Christina Wenneberg ◽  
Carsten Hjorthøj ◽  
Merete Nordentoft
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Role Functioning ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Ultra High Risk

Abstract A substantial proportion of individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis show long-term functional impairments, which may have profound consequences for the individual and society. Finding predictors of these functional impairments is critical to inform on the individual’s functional prognosis and potentially develop targeted interventions. This study used data from 91 UHR individuals participating in a randomized, clinical trial, that were followed up at 12 months, to elucidate on clinical, neuro- and social-cognitive predictors of UHR individuals’ functional outcome in the domains of social- and role functioning, quality of life, and functional capacity. The proportion of UHR individuals showing a poor social- and role outcome at 12-month follow-up was 50% and 63%, respectively. Worse social outcome was predicted by higher levels of negative symptoms, reduced processing speed, and impaired baseline social functioning explaining 52% of the variance. Worse role outcome was predicted by impaired role functioning at baseline, explaining 25% of the variance. Quality of life impairments were predicted by better theory of mind explaining 4% of the variance, and functional capacity social skills deficits were predicted by impaired baseline social skills explaining 20% of the variance. Our findings indicate that processing speed and negative symptoms may contribute to social- and role-functioning deficits, and while aspects of social cognition may also relate to social- and role functioning, baseline-functional impairments seem to be a strong contributor to persistent impairments in functioning and quality of life. If replicated, our findings suggest the need for future studies investigating the effect of pro-functional interventions targeting baseline functioning and targeted cognitive domains in UHR.

scholarly journals Self-perceived cognitive impairments in psychosis ultra-high risk individuals: associations with objective cognitive deficits and functioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Birkedal Glenthøj ◽  
Lise Mariegaard ◽  
Tina Dam Kristensen ◽  
Christina Wenneberg ◽  
Alice Medalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Ultra High Risk

AbstractThere is a scarcity of evidence on subjectively reported cognitive difficulties in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis and whether these self-perceived cognitive difficulties may relate to objective cognitive deficits, psychopathology, functioning, and adherence to cognitive remediation (CR). Secondary, exploratory analyses to a randomized, clinical trial were conducted with 52 UHR individuals receiving a CR intervention. Participants completed the Measure of Insight into Cognition—Self Report (MIC-SR), a measure of daily life cognitive difficulties within the domains of attention, memory, and executive functions along with measures of neuropsychological test performance, psychopathology, functioning, and quality of life. Our study found participants with and without objectively defined cognitive deficits reported self-perceived cognitive deficits of the same magnitude. No significant relationship was revealed between self-perceived and objectively measured neurocognitive deficits. Self-perceived cognitive deficits associated with attenuated psychotic symptoms, overall functioning, and quality of life, but not with adherence to, or neurocognitive benefits from, a CR intervention. Our findings indicate that UHR individuals may overestimate their cognitive difficulties, and higher levels of self-perceived cognitive deficits may relate to poor functioning. If replicated, this warrants a need for both subjective and objective cognitive assessment in at-risk populations as this may guide psychoeducational approaches and pro-functional interventions. Self-perceived cognitive impairments do not seem to directly influence CR adherence and outcome in UHR states. Further studies are needed on potential mediator between self-perceived cognitive deficits and functioning and quality of life.

Examining the mediating role of perceived stress in the relationship between mindfulness and quality of life and mental health: testing the mindfulness stress buffering model

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Valikhani ◽  
Vali Ollah Kashani ◽  
Mahdieh Rahmanian ◽  
Rafat Sattarian ◽  
Leila Rahmati Kankat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Stress Buffering ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

Perceived stress and quality of life in dementia patients and their caregiving spouses: does dyadic coping matter?

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1857-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Häusler ◽  
Alba Sánchez ◽  
Paul Gellert ◽  
Friederike Deeken ◽  
Michael A. Rapp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Dyadic Coping ◽  
Spousal Caregivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTBackground:Given the well-established association between perceived stress and quality of life (QoL) in dementia patients and their partners, our goal was to identify whether relationship quality and dyadic coping would operate as mediators between perceived stress and QoL.Methods:82 dyads of dementia patients and their spousal caregivers were included in a cross-sectional assessment from a prospective study. QoL was assessed with the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease scale (QoL-AD) for dementia patients and the WHO Quality of Life-BREF for spousal caregivers. Perceived stress was measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14). Both partners were assessed with the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI). Analyses of correlation as well as regression models including mediator analyses were performed.Results:We found negative correlations between stress and QoL in both partners (QoL-AD: r = −0.62; p < 0.001; WHO-QOL Overall: r = −0.27; p = 0.02). Spousal caregivers had a significantly lower DCI total score than dementia patients (p < 0.001). Dyadic coping was a significant mediator of the relationship between stress and QoL in spousal caregivers (z = 0.28; p = 0.02), but not in dementia patients. Likewise, relationship quality significantly mediated the relationship between stress and QoL in caregivers only (z = −2.41; p = 0.02).Conclusions:This study identified dyadic coping as a mediator on the relationship between stress and QoL in (caregiving) partners of dementia patients. In patients, however, we found a direct negative effect of stress on QoL. The findings suggest the importance of stress reducing and dyadic interventions for dementia patients and their partners, respectively.

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