scholarly journals Abundant carbon substrates drive extremely high sulfate reduction rates and methane fluxes in Prairie Pothole Wetlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 3107-3120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Dalcin Martins ◽  
David W. Hoyt ◽  
Sheel Bansal ◽  
Christopher T. Mills ◽  
Malak Tfaily ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Prairie Pothole Wetlands ◽  
Carbon Substrates ◽  
Methane Fluxes ◽  
High Sulfate ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rates

scholarly journals Annual variability and regulation of methane and sulfate fluxes in Baltic Sea estuarine sediments

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna E. Sawicka ◽  
Volker Brüchert
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Benthic Fluxes ◽  
Coastal Site ◽  
Methane Fluxes ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rates ◽  
Methane Concentrations

Abstract. Marine methane emissions originate largely from near-shore coastal systems, but emission estimates are often not based on temporally well-resolved data or sufficient understanding of the variability of methane consumption and production processes in the underlying sediment. The objectives of our investigation were to explore the effects of seasonal temperature, changes in benthic oxygen concentration, and historical eutrophication on sediment methane concentrations and benthic fluxes at two type localities for open-water coastal versus eutrophic, estuarine sediment in the Baltic Sea. Benthic fluxes of methane and oxygen and sediment pore-water concentrations of dissolved sulfate, methane, and 35S-sulfate reduction rates were obtained over a 12-month period from April 2012 to April 2013. Benthic methane fluxes varied by factors of 5 and 12 at the offshore coastal site and the eutrophic estuarine station, respectively, ranging from 0.1 mmol m−2 d−1 in winter at an open coastal site to 2.6 mmol m−2 d−1 in late summer in the inner eutrophic estuary. Total oxygen uptake (TOU) and 35S-sulfate reduction rates (SRRs) correlated with methane fluxes showing low rates in the winter and high rates in the summer. The highest pore-water methane concentrations also varied by factors of 6 and 10 over the sampling period with the lowest values in the winter and highest values in late summer–early autumn. The highest pore-water methane concentrations were 5.7 mM a few centimeters below the sediment surface, but they never exceeded the in situ saturation concentration. Of the total sulfate reduction, 21–24 % was coupled to anaerobic methane oxidation, lowering methane concentrations below the sediment surface far below the saturation concentration. The data imply that bubble emission likely plays no or only a minor role in methane emissions in these sediments. The changes in pore-water methane concentrations over the observation period were too large to be explained by temporal changes in methane formation and methane oxidation rates due to temperature alone. Additional factors such as regional and local hydrostatic pressure changes and coastal submarine groundwater flow may also affect the vertical and lateral transport of methane.

scholarly journals Annual variability and regulation of methane and sulfate fluxes in Baltic Sea estuarine sediments

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna E. Sawicka ◽  
Volker Brüchert
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Benthic Fluxes ◽  
Coastal Site ◽  
Methane Fluxes ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rates ◽  
Methane Concentrations

Abstract. The effects of temperature, changes in benthic oxygen concentration, and historical eutrophication on sediment methane concentrations and benthic fluxes were investigated at two type localities for open-water coastal and eutrophic, estuarine sediment in the Baltic Sea. Benthic fluxes of methane and oxygen, sediment porewater concentrations of dissolved sulfate, methane, and 35S-sulfate reduction rates were obtained over a 12-month period from April 2012 to April 2013. Benthic methane fluxes varied by factors of 5 and 12 at the offshore coastal site and the eutrophic estuarine station, respectively, ranging from 0.1 mmol m−2 d−1 in winter at an open coastal site to 2.6 mmol m−2 d−1 in late summer in the inner eutrophic estuary. Total oxygen uptake (TOU) and 35S-sulfate reduction rates (SRR) correlated with methane fluxes showing low rates in the winter and high rates in the summer. The highest porewater methane concentrations also varied by factors of 6 and 10 over the sampling period with lowest values in the winter and highest values in late summer-early autumn. The highest porewater methane concentrations exceeded 6 mM a few centimeters below the sediment surface, but never exceeded the in-situ saturation concentration. 21–24 % of the total sulfate reduction was coupled to anaerobic methane oxidation lowering methane concentrations below the sediment surface far below the saturation concentration. These data imply that bubble emission likely plays no or only a minor role for methane emissions in these sediments. The changes in porewater methane concentrations over the observation period are too large to be explained by temporal changes in methane formation and methane oxidation rates. Instead, it appears that advective methane recharge supplies of methane from deeper sediment layers to near-surface sediment. These are possible related to the transport of methane from deeper gas-rich areas or due to free gas movement or groundwater discharge.

Classification of Soils in Prairie Pothole Wetlands with Deep Marsh Plant Species in North Dakota

Soil Horizons ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bigler ◽  
J. L. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Marsh Plant ◽  
Prairie Pothole Wetlands

PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER FROM PRAIRIE POTHOLE WETLANDS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ping Chin ◽  
◽  
Brandon C. McAdams
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Prairie Pothole Wetlands

The effect of cultivation on sediment composition and deposition in prairie pothole wetlands

1987 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
DanB. Martin ◽  
WilliamA. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Sediment Composition ◽  
Prairie Pothole Wetlands

Climate Change Effects on Prairie Pothole Wetlands: Findings from a Twenty-five Year Numerical Modeling Project

Wetlands ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (S2) ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Carter Johnson ◽  
Karen A. Poiani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Prairie Pothole Wetlands

Benzene Removal in Laboratory Scale Model Wetland under Different Electron Acceptor Conditions Treating Sulfate-Rich Wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2083-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Bing Chen ◽  
Uwe Kappelmeyer ◽  
Peter Kuschk
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Treatment Performance ◽  
Sulfide Toxicity ◽  
Benzene Concentration ◽  
Benzene Removal ◽  
High Sulfate

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are shown to be suitable for the treatment of water contaminated with benzene. However, due to the high sulfate concentration (around 850 mg/L) in influent, sulfate reduction will be stimulated in CWs. Subsequently, the toxicity of sulfide will be a catastrophe to the plants, and the treatment performance of CWs will be impaired. In this study, nitrite and nitrate were used as competitor with sulfate for electron acceptor to prevent the sulfate reduction. With the inflow benzene concentration ranged from 21.6-103 μg, and the accumulation of sulfide reached up to 39%, the removal efficiency of benzene decreased from 86% to 27%. However, with the addition of nitrite and nitrate, the sulfide accumulation was inhibited successfully, and the benzene removal efficiency recovered to 85%. In conclusion, both nitrite and nitrate can be an option for preventing sulfate reduction and sulfide toxicity in CWs treating sulfate-rich wastewater.

scholarly journals Comparison of Sulfate Reduction Rates Associated with Geochemical Characteristics at the Continental Slope and Basin Sediments in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ok-Rye You ◽  
Jin-Sook Mok ◽  
Sung-Han Kim ◽  
Dong-Lim Choi ◽  
Jung-Ho Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Continental Slope ◽  
Geochemical Characteristics ◽  
East Sea ◽  
Ulleung Basin ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rates

Interactions between filamentous sulfur bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria and poly-P accumulating bacteria in anaerobic-oxic activated sludge from a municipal plant

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 599-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoko Yamamoto-Ikemoto ◽  
Saburo Matsui ◽  
Tomoaki Komori ◽  
Edja. Kofi. Bosque-Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rate ◽  
Filamentous Bulking ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rates ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The interactions between filamentous sulfur bacteria (FSB), sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) and poly-P accumulating bacteria (PAB) in the activated sludge of a municipal plant operated under anaerobic-oxic conditions were examined in batch experiments using return sludge (RAS) and settled sewage. Phosphate release and sulfate reduction occurred simultaneously under anaerobic conditions. SRB were more sensitive to temperature changes than PAB. SRB played an important role in the decomposition of propionate to acetate. When the sulfate reduction rates were high, there was a tendency for the maximum release of phosphate also to be high. This was explained by the fact that PAB utilized the acetate produced by SRB. Sulfur oxidizing bacteria were sensitive to temperature change. When the sulfate reduction rate was high, the sulfide oxidizing rate was also high and filamentous bulking occurred. The results showed that sulfate reduction was a cause of filamentous bulking due to Type 021N that could utilize reduced sulfur.

scholarly journals Complex Microbial Communities Drive Iron and Sulfur Cycling in Arctic Fjord Sediments

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Buongiorno ◽  
L. C. Herbert ◽  
L. M. Wehrmann ◽  
A. B. Michaud ◽  
K. Laufer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sulfur Cycling ◽  
Glacial Retreat ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Glacial Runoff ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Rates ◽  
Fjord Sediments

ABSTRACTGlacial retreat is changing biogeochemical cycling in the Arctic, where glacial runoff contributes iron for oceanic shelf primary production. We hypothesize that in Svalbard fjords, microbes catalyze intense iron and sulfur cycling in low-organic-matter sediments. This is because low organic matter limits sulfide generation, allowing iron mobility to the water column instead of precipitation as iron monosulfides. In this study, we tested this with high-depth-resolution 16S rRNA gene libraries in the upper 20 cm at two sites in Van Keulenfjorden, Svalbard. At the site closer to the glaciers, iron-reducingDesulfuromonadales, iron-oxidizingGallionellaandMariprofundus, and sulfur-oxidizingThiotrichalesandEpsilonproteobacteriawere abundant above a 12-cm depth. Below this depth, the relative abundances of sequences for sulfate-reducingDesulfobacteraceaeandDesulfobulbaceaeincreased. At the outer station, the switch from iron-cycling clades to sulfate reducers occurred at shallower depths (∼5 cm), corresponding to higher sulfate reduction rates. Relatively labile organic matter (shown by δ13C and C/N ratios) was more abundant at this outer site, and ordination analysis suggested that this affected microbial community structure in surface sediments. Network analysis revealed more correlations between predicted iron- and sulfur-cycling taxa and with uncultured clades proximal to the glacier. Together, these results suggest that complex microbial communities catalyze redox cycling of iron and sulfur, especially closer to the glacier, where sulfate reduction is limited due to low availability of organic matter. Diminished sulfate reduction in upper sediments enables iron to flux into the overlying water, where it may be transported to the shelf.IMPORTANCEGlacial runoff is a key source of iron for primary production in the Arctic. In the fjords of the Svalbard archipelago, glacial retreat is predicted to stimulate phytoplankton blooms that were previously restricted to outer margins. Decreased sediment delivery and enhanced primary production have been hypothesized to alter sediment biogeochemistry, wherein any free reduced iron that could potentially be delivered to the shelf will instead become buried with sulfide generated through microbial sulfate reduction. We support this hypothesis with sequencing data that showed increases in the relative abundance of sulfate reducing taxa and sulfate reduction rates with increasing distance from the glaciers in Van Keulenfjorden, Svalbard. Community structure was driven by organic geochemistry, suggesting that enhanced input of organic material will stimulate sulfate reduction in interior fjord sediments as glaciers continue to recede.

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