<p>ABSTRAK<br />Drainase yang berlebihan dan penggunaan pupuk yang intensif<br />diduga menjadi penyebab tingginya emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) pada<br />perkebunan kelapa sawit di lahan gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk<br />mempelajari pengaruh tinggi muka air (TMA) saluran drainase, pupuk,<br />serta amelioran terhadap emisi CO 2 dari perkebunan kelapa sawit di lahan<br />gambut. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Januari 2010 sampai dengan<br />Desember 2011, pada perkebunan sawit di lahan gambut, di Kecamatan<br />Siak Kecil, Kabupaten Bengkalis, Riau, menggunakan rancangan petak<br />terpisah, tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah TMA saluran drainase (40, 60,<br />dan 80 cm). Anak petak adalah pupuk dan amelioran: (1) dolomit 3<br />kg/pohon/tahun; (2) Pugam 10 kg/pohon/tahun; (3) Pupuk dosis<br />rekomendasi (2,5 kg urea+2,75 kg SP-36+2,25 kg KCl+dolomit 2<br />kg)/pohon/tahun; (4) Pupuk 75% dosis rekomendasi pukan 20<br />kg/pohon/tahun; (5) Pupuk 75% dosis rekomendasi Pugam 2,5 kg/pohon.<br />Parameter yang diamati adalah fluks CO 2 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan<br />bahwa pada TMA drainase 80 cm, perlakuan dolomit menghasilkan fluks<br />CO 2 nyata paling tinggi (142,1 t/ha/tahun) dan terendah (44,5 t/ha/tahun)<br />dicapai perlakuan pugam. Fluks CO 2 yang tinggi (130,6 t/ha/tahun) juga<br />dicapai perlakuan pupuk dosis rekomendasi, khususnya pada TMA 40 cm.<br />Pada musim kemarau TMA drainase berpengaruh nyata terhadap fluks<br />CO 2 , terendah dicapai TMA 40 cm. Oleh karena itu, untuk meminimalkan<br />emisi gas CO 2 , maka TMA drainase perlu dipertahankan sedangkal<br />mungkin (sekitar 40 cm) selama tidak menurunkan produksi kelapa sawit.<br />Amelioran dengan bahan aktif kation polyvalen berpotensi dapat menekan<br />emisi GRK dari lahan gambut yang dikelola secara intensif.<br />Kata kunci: amelioran, emisi, drainase, gambut, kelapa sawit, pupuk</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Excessive drainage and intensive use of fertilizers thought to be<br />the cause of high greenhouse gas emissions in peatland under oil palm<br />plantations. The study aimed at measuring the influence of water level<br />drainage (WLD), fertilizer, and ameliorant on CO 2 emissions from oil<br />palm plantations on peatland. The study was conducted from January<br />2010 to December 2011, at oil palm plantation on peatland, located in Siak<br />Kecil District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau, using split plot design, with three<br />replications. The main plot were WLD (40, 60, and 80 cm), as sub plots<br />were fertilizer and amelioran: (1) dolomite 3 kg/tree/year; (2) peat<br />fertilizer 10 kg/tree/year; (3) dose of fertilizer recommendations (2,5 kg<br />urea+2,75 kg SP-36+2,25 kg KCl+dolomite 2 kg)/tree/year; (4) 75% dose<br />of fertilizer recommendations + manure 20 kg/tree/year; (5) 75% dose of<br />fertilizer recommendations + peat fertilizer 2.5 kg/tree/year. Parameter<br />observed was CO 2 flux. The result showed that at WLD 80 cm, dolomite<br />treatment resulted the highest (142,1 t/ha/year) and the lowest CO 2 flux<br />(44,5 t/ha/year) resulted by peat fertilizer. The highest CO 2 flux also<br />reached by fertilizer recommendations treatment, particularly on WLD 40<br />cm. In dry season WLD significantly effect on CO 2 flux. The lowest<br />reached by WLD 40 cm. Based on that the WLD needs to be maintained<br />in a state of shallow (approximately 40 cm), without lowering production.<br />The use of fertilizer containing ameliorant with the polyvalen cation as<br />active material, potentially suppress the rate of greenhouse gas emissions<br />from peatlands are managed intensively.<br />Key words: ameliorant, emission, drainage, peatland, oil palm, , fertilizer</p>
Soil greenhouse gas emissions from inorganic fertilizers and recycled oil palm waste products from Indonesian oil palm plantations
