Effects of gum chewing exercises on saliva secretion and occlusal force in community-dwelling elderly individuals: A pilot study

This study examined the hypothesis that sociodemographic characteristics such as age, education, race, and gender would be predictive of Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Subscale scores in a population-based sample of 342 community dwelling elderly individuals. Bivariate analysis revealed associations between black race, lower socioeconomic status, and lower education on the Chance and Powerful Others Subscales. While the multivariate analysis revealed no predictors for the Internal Subscale, a higher socioeconomic status, white race, and a higher level of education continued to predict low scores on the Chance Subscale when controlling for all other variables. Scores on the Powerful Others Subscale appeared to be a function of socioeconomic status and gender. Of note, the higher the education level for both men and women, the lower the scores on the Chance and Powerful Others Subscales. This sex by education interaction term reached statistical significance for the Chance Subscale. The results demonstrate the measurable influence of sociodemographic variables on the health beliefs of community dwelling elderly individuals.

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Correlation of physical function with the thickness of multiple muscles of the quadriceps femoris in community-dwelling elderly individuals

Clinical Interventions in Aging ◽

10.2147/cia.s177237 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol Volume 13 ◽

pp. 1945-1951 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ken Nishihara ◽

Hisashi Kawai ◽

Takeshi Kera ◽

Hirohiko Hirano ◽

Yutaka Watanabe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Function ◽

Quadriceps Femoris ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Elderly Individuals

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Development and Local Contextualization of Mobile Health Messages for Enhancing Disease Management Among Community-Dwelling Stroke Patients in Rural China: Multimethod Study

JMIR mhealth and uhealth ◽

10.2196/15758 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. e15758

Author(s):

Enying Gong ◽

Wanbing Gu ◽

Erdan Luo ◽

Liwei Tan ◽

Julian Donovan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Secondary Prevention ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Rural China ◽

Text Messages ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Self Management ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Dispatching Algorithm ◽

Depth Interviews

Background Rural China has experienced an increasing health burden because of stroke. Stroke patients in rural communities have relatively poor awareness of and adherence to evidence-based secondary prevention and self-management of stroke. Mobile technology represents an innovative way to influence patient behaviors and improve their self-management. Objective This study is part of the System-Integrated Technology-Enabled Model of Care (the SINEMA trial) to improve the health of stroke patients in resource-poor settings in China. This study aimed to develop and pilot-test a mobile phone message–based package, as a component of the SINEMA intervention. Methods The SINEMA trial was conducted in Nanhe County, Hebei Province, China. A total of 4 villages were selected for pretrial contextual research and pilot study. The 5 stages for developing the mobile phone messages were as follows: (1) conducting literature review on existing message banks and analyzing the characteristics of these banks; (2) interviewing stroke patients and caregivers to identify their needs; (3) drafting message contents and designing dispatching algorithms for a 3-month pilot testing; (4) collecting feedback from pilot participants through questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews on facilitators and barriers related to their acceptance and understanding of messages; and (5) finalizing the message-based intervention based on participants’ feedback for the SINEMA trial. Results On the basis of 5 existing message banks screened out of 120 papers and patients’ needs identified from 32 in-depth interviews among stroke patients and caregivers, we developed a message bank containing 224 messages for a pilot study among 54 community-dwelling stroke patients from 4 villages. Of 54 participants, 51 (response rate: 94.4%) completed the feedback survey after receiving daily messages for 3 months. Participants’ mean age was 68 years (SD 9.2), and about half had never been to school. We observed a higher proportion of participants who were in favor of voice messages (23/42, 54%) than text messages (14/40, 35%). Among participants who received voice messages (n=43) and text messages (n=40), 41 and 30, respectively, self-reported a full or partial understanding of the contents, and 39 (39/43, 91%) and 32 (32/40, 80%), respectively, rated the messages as helpful. Analyses of the 32 interviews further revealed that voice messages containing simple and single-theme content, in plain language, with a repeated structure, a slow playback speed, and recorded in local dialect, were preferred by rural stroke patients. In addition, the dispatching algorithm and tools may also influence the acceptance of message-based interventions. Conclusions By applying multiple methodologies and conducting a pilot study, we designed and fine-tuned a voice message–based intervention package for promoting secondary prevention among community-dwelling stroke patients in rural China. Design of the content and dispatching algorithm should engage both experts and end users and adequately consider the needs and preferences of recipients.

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Relationship Between Occlusal Force and Endothelial Function in Community-Dwelling Elderly

10.21203/rs.3.rs-101563/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kanna Kato ◽

Naoko Matsuda ◽

Miki Takahata ◽

Chika Koseki ◽

Michiyasu Yamaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Expectancy ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Grip Strength ◽

General Condition ◽

Force Measurement ◽

The Elderly ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Healthy Life ◽

Occlusal Force ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: Prolonged healthy life expectancy, which is duration without the requirement of any kind of help for activities of daily living (ADL), is essential to ensure a long life with a good quality of living in the community. Further, local residents should understand their health conditions and live consciously to prolong healthy life expectancy. The development of a simple general health indicator is necessary. Both occlusal force and flow-medicated dilation (FMD) which reflects endothelial function are useful tools for understanding the general condition of the elderly. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between occlusal force and endothelial function. In the present study we examined this relationship, occlusal force measurement can be a good indicator of the general condition of the elderly. Methods: In 38 community-dwelling women(aged 76.7 ±5.7 years), we measured occlusal force,　grip strength, endothelial function evaluated by FMD, advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In this study we investigate we investigated the relationship between occlusal force, measurement items, and factors independently related to endothelial dysfunction (FMD<7％). Results: There were significantly correlation between occlusal force and grip strength (r=0.54, p<0.01). Degree of FMD significantly associated with occlusal force (r=0.60, p<0.01) and grip strength (r=0.35, p<0.05) or amount of increased AGEs (r=-0.37, p<0.05). Occlusal force was independently associated with degree of FMD after adjusting for age, AGEs, and grip strength (p < 0.05).Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between occlusal force and FMD. Occlusal force can be an important indicator of endothelial function in community-dwelling elderly. This study may help understanding general health of elderly in community.

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Whole-Saliva Fluoride Levels and Saturation Indices in 65+ Elderly during Use of Four Different Toothpaste Regimens

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000434730 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 489-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kim Rud Ekstrand ◽

Mia Linding Ekstrand ◽

Joan Lykkeaa ◽

Allan Bardow ◽

Svante Twetman

Keyword(s):

Preventive Measures ◽

Fluoride Content ◽

Saturation Indices ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

Fluoride Toothpaste ◽

Saliva Secretion ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

High Fluoride ◽

Home Living ◽

Rampant Caries

Background: Elderly individuals suffering from subnormal saliva secretion combined with inadequate oral hygiene may develop rampant caries and caries in parts of the dentition not normally affected by caries if preventive measures are not undertaken. Such measures include elevating fluoride levels at the saliva/biofilm/tooth interface. Aim: To analyse whole-saliva fluoride levels and mineral saturation indices during different fluoride toothpaste regimens in home-living elderly. Materials and Methods: Whole saliva was collected from 27 subjects (7 males and 20 females, mean age 73.5 ± 6.1 years) at ten time points covering the whole day during five 2-week periods. During the first period, participants used their normal toothpaste without instructions (baseline). This was followed by TP1: 1,450-ppm NaF toothpaste; TP2: 1,450-ppm monofluorophosphate (MFP) toothpaste with addition of calcium; TP3: 5,000-ppm NaF toothpaste, and TP4: the same toothpaste with additional ‘smearing' of toothpaste on the teeth, twice daily. During TP1-TP4, the participants were instructed to brush 3 times per day using 1.5 g of toothpaste without rinsing. Results: Salivary fluoride levels increased with toothpaste fluoride content (p < 0.001), although major interindividual and intraindividual variations were observed. The highest fluoride values appeared in the morning and at night (p < 0.001). Saturation indices for calcium fluoride were affected by the fluoride content in pastes (p < 0.05). Concerning hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite, indices were highest with the MFP toothpaste and extra calcium (NS to p < 0.05). Conclusions: Use of a high-fluoride toothpaste resulted in significantly increased fluoride levels in whole saliva and mineral saturation indices were indeed influenced by choice of toothpaste.

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