The association between parameters of oral mucosal immunity and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with rampant caries

Aim. To determine the saliva level of immunoregulatory proteins in patients with rampant caries and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency and evaluate the association of their concentration with 25(OH)D plasma level.Materials and methods. The study was performed in two groups. The experimental group included 15 patients aged 20–22 years with rampant caries and the 25(OH)D plasma level of < 20 ng / ml. The control group encompassed 15 healthy age-matched volunteers with the 25(OH)D plasma level of 20–100 ng / ml. The concentrations of B7.2 (CD86), free active TGF-β1, CTLA-4, PD-1, Tim-3, LAG-3, IGFBP-4, and ICAM-1 were assessed using flow cytometry. The levels of LL-37 and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were measured using ELISA. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to reveal a correlation between the indicated proteins and the 25(OH)D plasma level.Results. A decrease in B7.2 (CD86), PD-1, Tim-3, sIgA, and LL-37 and elevation of IGFBP-4 and ICAM-1 saliva levels were detected in patients with rampant caries and 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency. A positive Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was revealed between plasma 25(OH)D and saliva levels of free active TGF-β1, CTLA4, B7.2 (CD86), LL-37, and sIgA. A negative correlation was revealed between 25(OH)Dand ICAM-1.Conclusion. 25(OH)D deficiency in patients with rampant caries is associated with decreased levels of B7.2 (CD86), PD-1, Tim-3, sIgA, and LL-37 and elevated levels of IGFBP-4 and ICAM-1 in the saliva.

Analysis of Rampant Caries Incidence in Kindergarten School 5 – 6 Years Old Kids and A Factor Affecting it in the Working Area of Kaibon Public Health Center in the Madiun District, 2020

The rampant caries is interacting multifactorial disease occurs very quickly, and concerns multiple teeth, and often cause pain. Conditions of caries in children due to unfamiliarity of parents, against the main cause of dental caries. . Caries in the deciduous tooth caused by exposure of teeth by sweet liquids, in the long term. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mother’s knowledge, mother’s motivation about dental health and consumption patterns of formula milk using a bottle nipples with incidence rampant caries. The research method was analytic observational, with the cross-sectional design. The population of this study are mothers and their children is 538 people. A sampel of 229 people used proportional random sampling technique. Statistic test used is multiple linear regression. The research results show that mother’s knowledge, mother’s motivation, and consumption patterns formula milk using a bottle nipples has a significant relationship both partially and simultaneously the significance level of caries grade was less than 0,05(p<0,05). Regression models that can be formed are y (incidence of rampant caries) = 4,577 – 0,785 mother’s knowledge – 0,345 mother’s motivation + 0,223 comsumption pattern. Increased knowledge and motivation of mothers and decreased consumption patterns of milk using bottles will have an effect on reducing the incidence of rampant caries.

Penatalaksanaan Karies Rampan dengan Evaluasi Menggunakan Kariogram: Laporan Kasus pada Anak dengan Self-Mutilation

To date, rampant caries has still a high prevalence. Evaluation of caries can be carried out comprehensively in patients with rampant caries by using a cariogram which can describe the causes and risks of caries. We reported a case of a girl aged 4 years, complaining of swelling of the back part of her lower gum. The patient was diagnosed as self-mutilation by a pediatrician. There were some scars in her left forefinger and wrist. Moreover, her teeth 51, 61, 72, 71, and 81 were loose. Clinical examination revealed poor oral hygiene, abscesses in the teeth 74 and 75, and many dental caries as well as tooth radixes. The patients had bottle feeding until the age of 3 years. Cariogram was performed at the first visit, followed by dental health education (DHE) and topical application of fluoride. Cariogram evaluation was carried out at the first visit, the 3rd month, and the 6th month, resulting in 15%, 19%, and 35% in prediction of preventing new caries, respectively. The patient was treated with cariogram follow-up, total care with block system, DHE, and topical application of fluoride. In this case, there was an increased prediction of caries prevention, and a decreased caries risk factors including diet and bacteria.Keywords: rampant caries, cariogram, caries management Abstrak: Sampai saat ini karies rampan masih memiliki prevalensi yang tinggi. Penilaian karies dilakukan secara komprehensif pada pasien dengan karies rampan dengan menggunakan kariogram yang dapat menggambarkan penyebab dan urutan risiko karies. Kami melaporkan kasus seorang anak perempuan berusia 4 tahun dengan keluhan gusi belakang kiri bawah bengkak. Pasien didiagnosis oleh dokter spesialis anak menderita self mutilation. Terdapat bekas luka pada jari telunjuk kiri, pergelangan tangan, dan gigi 51, 61, 72, 71, 81 sudah tanggal. Pemeriksaan klinis menunjukkan oral hygene buruk dengan abses pada gigi 74 dan 75, banyak terdapat karies dan radiks. Pasien memiliki kebiasaan minum susu botol dengan dot sampai usia 3 tahun. Kariogram dilakukan pada kunjungan awal, diikuti edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut (DHE) dan pemberian topikal aplikasi fluor (TAF). Evaluasi dengan menggunakan kariogram dilakukan pada awal kunjungan, bulan ketiga dan bulan keenam dengan hasil kemungkinan menghindari karies baru sebesar 15%, 19% dan 35% secara berturut. Penatalaksanaan kasus ini ialah dengan follow-up kariogram, total care dengan sistem blok, DHE, dan TAF. Pada kasus ini terjadi peningkatan kemungkinan menghindari karies baru yang cukup tinggi dan terjadi penurunan besarnya faktor risiko karies pada faktor pola diet dan bakteri.Kata kunci: karies rampan, kariogram, penatalakasanaan

Assessment of ECC Affecting Anterior Teeth in Children Visiting University Dental Hospital in India

Dental caries is one of the most infectious diseases of childhood resulting in chronic progression rate. They are of different types and patterns being rampant caries, nursing bottle caries. These are known to spread from the mother to the baby during infancy. Early childhood caries in the presence of one or more decayed or filled tooth surfaces in any primary teeth in a child 72 months age or younger. It is generally associated with unusual dietary patterns. Caries in children are mainly caused by the bacteria Streptococcus mutans. One of the reasons identified for ECC in children is the improper feeding patterns in children and prolonged use of baby bottles for milk feeding, especially at night. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of ECC anterior teeth in children. A retrospective study was carried out using digital records of 731 subjects. These data were collected from DIAS and coded in MS Excel sheets. The collected data was analysed by computer software SPSS version 21 using Chi-square test and graphical illustration was done. From the above study, it was found that ECC was more prevalent in 2-4 years and predominantly in male children (54.61%). Therefore, from this study, it can be concluded that ECC is highly prevalent in the maxillary anterior teeth in children.

Comprehensive Treatment for Eight Years Old Child with Rampant Caries

The prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia primary school is 60-80%. Dental caries is a continuous dynamic process involving repeating periods of demineralization by organic acids of microbial origin and subsequent remineralization by salivary components, but in which the overall environment is imbalanced towards demineralization. Rampant caries is a sign of gross dietary inadequacy, complete absence of oral hygiene practice or systemic illness. Rampant caries is suddenly appearing, widespread, rapidly burrowing type of caries, resulting in early involvement of the pulp and affecting those teeth usually regarded as immune to ordinary decay. This case report presents a case of rampant caries in an 8-year-old boy and the treatment. The cooperative behavior of patients and parents is needed for optimal results. Keywords: Rampant caries; caries in children; caries

ANALISIS HUBUNGAN JENIS DAN FREKUENSI MENGKONSUMSI JAJANAN KARIOGENIK DENGAN KEJADIAN RAMPAN KARIES PADA ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI KOTA PADANG

Caries is the main problem of oral health. Caries are frequently found in children are milk bottle caries and caries Rampan. Cariogenic food consumption is a Rampant caries etiology. This study was to determine the relationship of type and frequency to consume cariogenic snacks with the case of caries Rampant in children age 5 -6 years.The research method used is analytic observational study design with a cross sectional study, samples were taken purposive methode with total sampling technique and using the chisquare statistical test. Subjects were pre-school age children from 3 unit Pre-school in Padang.There is a significant relationship between the type of consumption of cariogenic snacks with caries Rampant (p=0,005), There is a significant relationship between frequency of consumption of cariogenic snacks with caries Rampant (p=0,000).It is suggested to parents to control and monitor the type and frequency of consumption of cariogenic snacks in children.