Community Pharmacy Cognitive Services During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Study of Practices, Precautions Taken, Perceived Enablers and Barriers, and Burnout

Pharmaceutical care models and practices differ in various countries. Reimbursement for cognitive services, for example, varies across countries in Europe, Asia, and the Americas. Practice-based research has blossomed in many countries, with different emphases and challenges. This international series will describe the organization of community pharmacy within the healthcare system and report the status of practice-based research. Each paper will focus on one country. The series will conclude with a summary by the series editors describing the key themes across the papers, outlining milestones yet to be achieved, and proposing a research agenda for community pharmacy practice.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of a Community Pharmacy Reimbursement Model for Cognitive Services-

Journal of Pharmaceutical Finance Economics & Policy ◽

10.1300/j371v13n01_06 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 69-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Harold Lopatka

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacy ◽

Cognitive Services

Download Full-text

Implementing cognitive services in community pharmacy: a review of facilitators used in practice change

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1211/ijpp.14.3.0002 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 163-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Alison S Roberts ◽

SI (Charlie) Benrimoj ◽

Timothy F Chen ◽

Kylie A Williams ◽

Parisa Aslani

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacy ◽

Practice Change ◽

Cognitive Services

Download Full-text

Pharmacist Compensation for Cognitive Services: Focus on the Physician Office and Community Pharmacy

Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy ◽

10.1592/phco.24.4.372.33179 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 372-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Kathleen A. Snella ◽

Renee R. Trewyn ◽

Laura B. Hansen ◽

J. Chris Bradberry

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacy ◽

Physician Office ◽

Cognitive Services

Download Full-text

Pharmaceutical Care in Community Pharmacies: Practice and Research in Canada

Annals of Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1345/aph.1e456 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 39 (9) ◽

pp. 1527-1533 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Erika JM Jones ◽

Neil J MacKinnon ◽

Ross T Tsuyuki

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacy ◽

Pharmaceutical Care ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Community Setting ◽

Practice Research ◽

Community Pharmacies ◽

Full Potential ◽

Pharmacy Services ◽

Services Research ◽

Cognitive Services

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the provision of pharmaceutical care in community pharmacies in Canada including the following topics: organization and delivery of health services, health service policy, methods of payment, types of pharmacy services provided, types of cognitive pharmacy services, research in community pharmacy, and future plans for community pharmacy services. DATA SYNTHESIS: The implementation of pharmaceutical care in Canadian community pharmacies continues to become more widespread. However, barriers to the provision of pharmaceutical care still exist, including the current shortage of pharmacists and lack of reimbursement systems for cognitive services. Evidence of the value of pharmaceutical care in Canadian community pharmacies has been supported by several pharmacy practice research projects. The pharmacist's role in patient care is expected to continue to expand. CONCLUSIONS: Although Canadian pharmacists' capabilities are not yet universally recognized and applied to their full potential, there is reason to be optimistic about the future of pharmaceutical care in the community setting in Canada.

Download Full-text

The remuneration of the community pharmacist in the developing world: the case in Indonesia

Pharmacy Education ◽

10.46542/pe.2021.212.3641 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 36-41

Author(s):

Andi Hermansyah ◽

Anila Impian Sukorini ◽

Abdul Rahem

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacy ◽

Community Pharmacist ◽

Developing World ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Support Provision ◽

Remuneration System ◽

Cognitive Services ◽

Financial Benefits ◽

Pharmacist Services ◽

Monthly Salary

Introduction: The remuneration of pharmacist is critical to ensure sustainability of pharmacist services. There has been limited study about pharmacist remuneration in Indonesia. Aim: This study aims to investigate pharmacist remuneration system in Indonesia. Methods: A nationwide community pharmacy survey was conducted involving 7,000 pharmacies. Questions around remuneration models and amounts, types of incentives and other financial benefits structured the questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was used to evaluate the findings. Results: Of 2,087 pharmacists participated in the survey, only 1,952 respondents were recorded. More than half of respondents did not receive any particular fees designated to compensate provision of cognitive services. Fixed monthly salary predominantly formed the structure of remuneration system with less than half of the respondents received additional incentives to top up this monthly salary. Conclusion: The current remuneration system which mainly relies on monthly salary basis may not be sustainable to support provision of pharmacist-led cognitive services.

Download Full-text

The Practice of OTC Dispensing by Community Pharmacist in Nepal

Journal of Advanced Academic Research ◽

10.3126/jaar.v8i1.38422 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 44-52

Author(s):

Sangita Shakya ◽

Susmita Sedai ◽

Ronas Shakya

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacy ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Community Pharmacists ◽

Medical Practitioner ◽

Working Hours ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Minor Illness ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Otc Medicines

Over the counter (OTC) medications are the group of drugs that can be sold without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner to the consumers. Pharmacists are the most accessible health care professionals to the patient for the treatment of their minor illness. To provide appropriate advice to the patient at the time of dispensing and over-the-counter (OTC) medication counselling, community pharmacists need access to current and reliable information about medicines. A descriptive study was conducted on fifty pharmacists present in the community pharmacy of Kathmandu and Lalitpur districts. Predesigned validated questionnaire consisting of 16 questions were taken for the collection of data. Qualification of pharmacists, numbers of consumer asking for OTC medication in a week, most commonly dispensed OTC medicines by pharmacists, common symptoms told by consumers and average working hour of community pharmacists were recorded. The approval from the concerned authorities was taken. The study was a community based descriptive study done for 3 months. The data of the study was analyzed by using SPSS version 18. Out of 50 Pharmacists, 27 were males and 23 were females. Most of the study populations were qualified as assistant pharmacy. 82% of Community Pharmacy encountered more than ten consumers in a week. Analgesics and antipyretics, drugs for gastritis, antiprotozoals and antihistamines were the most commonly dispensed drugs by the pharmacies. The most common symptoms enquired by patients/consumers were fever (92%), common cold (90%) and headache (86%) as reported by pharmacists respectively. Average working hours of community pharmacists were 67 hours per week. Few pharmacists knew the meaning of terms related to evidence-based health. Most respondents agreed that pharmacists have the necessary training to prescribe. There is increasing use of OTC medicines in Nepal. The study on community pharmacy practices regarding over the counter medicines can assist in evaluating pattern of use of OTC medicines by consumers thus help to reduce abuse and misuse of such medicines.

Download Full-text