scholarly journals Anti‐CD52 antibody treatment in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induces dynamic and differential modulation of innate immune cells in peripheral immune and central nervous systems

Immunology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Barbour ◽  
Rachel Wood ◽  
Tanith Harte ◽  
Trevor J Bushell ◽  
Hui‐Rong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Cells ◽  
Differential Modulation ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

scholarly journals Nasal delivery of Fasudil-modified immune cells exhibits therapeutic potential in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-795
Author(s):  
Shang-De Guo ◽  
Chun-Yun Liu ◽  
Jing-Wen Yu ◽  
Zhi Chai ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Nasal Delivery ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

scholarly journals The Innate Immune Receptor CD14 Mediates Lymphocyte Migration in EAE

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Halmer ◽  
Laura Davies ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Klaus Fassbender ◽  
Silke Walter
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Immune Receptors ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Background: Multiple sclerosis is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system in young adults and histopathologically characterized by inflammation, demyelination and gliosis. It is considered as a CD4+ T cell-mediated disease, but also a disease-promoting role of the innate immune system has been proposed, based e.g. on the observation that innate immune receptors modulate disease severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Recent studies of our group provided first evidence for a key role of the innate immune LPS receptor (CD14) in pathophysiology of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. CD14-deficient experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice showed increased clinical symptoms and enhanced infiltration of monocytes and neutrophils in brain and spinal cord. Methods: In the current study, we further investigated the causes of the disease aggravation by CD14-deficiency and examined T cell activation, also focusing on the costimulatory molecules CTLA-4 and CD28, and T cell migration capacity over the blood brain barrier by FACS analysis, in vitro adhesion and transmigration assays. Results: In the results, we observed a significantly increased migration of CD14-deficient lymphocytes across an endothelial monolayer. In contrast, we did not see any differences in expression levels of TCR/CTLA-4 or TCR/CD28 and lymphocyte adhesion to endothelial cells from CD14-deficient compared to wildtype mice. Conclusion: The results demonstrate an important role of CD14 in migration of lymphocytes, and strengthen the importance of innate immune receptors in adaptive immune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Role of Immune Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dhaiban ◽  
Mena Al-Ani ◽  
Noha Mousaad Elemam ◽  
Mahmood H Al-Aawad ◽  
Zeinab Al-Rawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by varying degrees of demyelination of uncertain etiology, and is associated with specific environmental and genetic factors. Upon recognition of CNS antigens, the immune cells initiate an inflammatory process which leads to destruction and deterioration of the neurons. Innate immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells and natural killer cells are known to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of MS. Also, the activation of peripheral CD4+ T cells by CNS antigens leads to their extravasation into the CNS causing damages that exacerbates the disease. This could be accompanied by dysregulation of T regulatory cells and other cell types functions. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a mouse model used to study the pathophysiology of MS disease. In this review, we highlight the roles of innate and adaptive immune players in the pathogenesis of MS and EAE.

scholarly journals DIAZEPAM EFFECTS ON IMMUNE CELLS ACTIVELY INVOLVED DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS.

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernández Hurst Nicolás ◽  
Falcón Cristian ◽  
Rupil Lucía ◽  
Cervi Laura ◽  
Monferran Clara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Macrophage brain infiltration in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is not completely compromised by suppressed T-cell invasion: in vivo magnetic resonance imaging illustration in effective anti-VLA-4 antibody treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde SA Deloire ◽  
Tarik Touil ◽  
Bruno Brochet ◽  
Vincent Dousset ◽  
Jean-Marie Caillé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Large inflammatory infiltrates of T cells, macrophages and B cells in the central nervous system (CNS) contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The passage of T cells through the blood-brain barrier can be suppressed with antibodies directed against alpha-4 integrins (VLA-4) that mediate T-cell adherence. This treatment, in phase III of clinical trial evaluation, reduces lesion development in MS patients. In the ongoing inflammatory disease process the consequences of T-cell inhibitory anti-VLA-4 antibodies on inflammatory compounds are still poorly investigated. We show that anti-VLA-4 antibody treatment during the late preclinical phase of the acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) MS rat model interrupts T-cell egress out of the vascular compartment and suppresses clinical disease and histological alterations but macrophage recruitment in the CNS is not fully compromised. Among the treated EAE animals not developing disease, none presented foci of T-cell infiltration in CNS. However, in 75% of the treated EAE rats monocyte ingress in CNS was observedin vivo by magnetic resonance imaging with the ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent. Our data shed new light on the role of remaining macrophage brain infiltration in an induced but interrupted T-cell-mediated EAE disease process.

PGE2/EP4 signaling in peripheral immune cells promotes development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Schiffmann ◽  
Andreas Weigert ◽  
Julia Männich ◽  
Max Eberle ◽  
Kerstin Birod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Peripheral Immune Cells ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

scholarly journals Role of Peripheral Immune Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Sci ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Sarah Dhaiban ◽  
Mena Al-Ani ◽  
Noha Mousaad Elemam ◽  
Mahmood H. Al-Aawad ◽  
Zeinab Al-Rawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Adaptive Immune Cells ◽  
Exact Etiology ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Immune Cells ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the myelination of the neurons present in the central nervous system (CNS). The exact etiology of MS development is unclear, but various environmental and genetic factors might play a role in initiating the disease. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a mouse model that is used to study the pathophysiology of MS disease as well as the effects of possible therapeutic agents. In addition, autoreactive immune cells trigger an inflammatory process upon the recognition of CNS antigens, which leads to destruction of the neurons. These include innate immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells. Additionally, the activation and extravasation of adaptive immune cells such as CD4+ T cells into the CNS may lead to further exacerbation of the disease. However, many studies revealed that immune cells could have either a protective or pathological role in MS. In this review, we highlight the roles of innate and adaptive immune cellular and soluble players that contribute to the pathogenesis of MS and EAE, which may be used as potential targets for therapy.

scholarly journals Distinctive waves of innate immune response in the retina in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

JCI Insight ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Cruz-Herranz ◽  
Frederike C. Oertel ◽  
Kicheol Kim ◽  
Ester Cantó ◽  
Garrett Timmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune
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