The evolution of Portuguese trade unionism: Political economies and power resources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Dias
Keyword(s):  
Power Resources ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Political Economies

Cultural Images of Labor Conflict and Coordination Literature and the Evolution of Industrial Relations Systems

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Cathie Jo Martin ◽  
Dennie Oude Nijhuis ◽  
Erik Olsson
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Cultural Images ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Cultural Constructions ◽  
Cross National

Abstract Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands have different historical patterns of industrialization, but developed similar patterns of industrial coordination and cooperation. Theories accounting for industrial relations systems (economic structure, power resources, and party/electoral systems) have difficulty accounting for the similarities among these cases. Therefore, we explore the historical depictions of labor appearing in literature to evaluate whether cross-national distinctions in cultural conceptions of labor have some correspondence to distinctions between coordinated and liberal industrial relations systems. We hypothesize that historical literary depictions of labor are associated with the evolution of industrial systems, and apply computational text analyses to large corpora of literary texts. We find that countries (Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands) with coordinated, corporatist industrial relations in the 20th century share similar cultural constructions about labor relations dating back to at least 1770. Literary depictions found in modern coordinated/corporatist countries are significantly different from those found in Britain, a country with liberal/pluralist industrial relations systems. The research has significance for our understanding of the role of culture in the evolution of modern political economies.

Unions, Employers, and Central Banks: Macroeconomic Coordination and Institutional Change in Social Market Economies. Edited by Torben Iversen, Jonas Pontusson, and David Soskice. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 339p. $64.95 cloth, $22.95 paper.

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Howell
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Macroeconomic Coordination ◽  
Social Market

Comparative political economy has been transformed since the end of the 1970s. The explanatory value of class conflict, the power resources of social classes, and the social base of particular national models of political economy have been replaced by an emphasis upon the role of institutions in explaining both how contemporary political economies func- tion and their capacity to manage international economic integration. The fruits of this institutional turn have now emerged into a fully fledged new approach, as evidenced by the volume under review, by Continuity and Change in Contemporary Capitalism (edited by Herbert Kitschelt, Peter Lange, Gary Marks, and John D. Stephens, 1999), and by a forthcoming volume, Varieties of Capitalism, edited by Peter Hall and David Soskice. These three books overlap to a great degree in both theoretical approach and list of contributors.

scholarly journals An American Solution to an Irish Problem: A Consideration of the Material Conditions that Shape the Architecture of Union Organizing

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Geary ◽  
Sophie Gamwell
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Union Organizing ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
New Models ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
Material Conditions

New models of union organizing have become an important instrument of union growth and renewal. We examine the transfer of US-developed organizing practices to Ireland. We enquire whether the practical experiences of SIPTU can be considered successful. In particular, we focus on the question: in what way is the architecture of union organizing shaped by the material conditions that affect workers’ power? We look at three campaigns across three low-wage sectors (hotels, red meat processing and contract cleaning). The campaigns share a number of common properties, but differ in respect of the power resources available to employees and the shape of their outcomes. Using a most similar systems comparative research design, we identify a variety of causes which help explain the success and shape of the different organizing campaigns. Finally, we make a number of arguments in respect of how our findings link to debates about the future of trade unionism.

scholarly journals Renewing New Zealand Unions: The Service And Food Workers’ Union & Living Wage Aotearoa

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel Newman ◽  
Carol Jess
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Living Wage ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Social Movement Unionism ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Union Renewal ◽  
Food Workers

Trade unions and trade unionism are under serious threat in most industrialised countries, in what has been referred to as the ‘crisis in trade unionism’. The crisis is common to trade unions across the globe, consisting of a decline in membership and density, coupled with a loss of political influence and social standing. The crisis has been caused by changes in the political economies of the industrially developed nations. Social Movement Unionism (SMU) is one of the strategies to combat this crisis which has been embraced by unions and union movements in many of the Liberal Market Economies (LME). In the context of New Zealand, Jane Parker has looked at the possibility of SMU at a union movement level. However, at a single union level, the Service and Food Workers’ Union (SFWU) has engaged with this vision of renewal through participation in the Living Wage Movement Aotearoa New Zealand (LWANZ).This paper will seek to place the SFWU’s engagement with this campaign within a theoretical framework of union renewal; that is, a re-imagining of trade union relationships in order to (re-)gain power along various dimensions. We will further consider the SMU literature and will draw on three concepts identified by Ross in her analysis of social unionism: the ethos, or “collective action frame”; the strategies or “repertoire”; and, the “internal organisational practices”, and how these interlink with the literature on union renewal. Of particular note will be the response of both the union and non-union participants in the LWANZ to the development of their relationships, and whether and how this is contributing to the successes of LWANZ and of union renewal.

scholarly journals Trade union responses to precarious employment: the role of power resources in defending precarious flight attendants at Ryanair

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-445
Author(s):  
Pedro Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Flight Attendants ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
International Solidarity ◽  
Union Action ◽  
The Impact

Drawing on a case study on the civil airline industry in Portugal, this article addresses the impact of precarious employment on trade union action and examines the conditions under which trade unions defend precarious workers’ interests. Using a power-resource theoretical framework, findings in this article highlight that cost-cutting employment practices are used strategically by employers to curb collectivisation and trade unionism. In addition, this article shows that when trade unions engage in an inclusive strategy to defend precarious workers’ interests, the compounded and inter-linked effect of trade union power resources, network embeddedness and international solidarity may be key to achieving success. S’appuyant sur une étude de cas portant sur l’industrie du transport aérien civil au Portugal, cet article traite de l’impact de l’emploi précaire sur l’action syndicale et examine les conditions dans lesquelles les syndicats défendent les intérêts des travailleurs précaires. À partir d’un cadre théorique fondé sur les ressources du pouvoir, les conclusions de cet article soulignent que les pratiques de réduction des coûts de l’emploi sont utilisées de manière stratégique par les employeurs pour freiner la collectivisation et le syndicalisme. En outre, cet article montre que lorsque les syndicats s’engagent dans une stratégie inclusive pour défendre les intérêts des travailleurs précaires, les effets combinés et interdépendants des ressources de pouvoir des syndicats, de leur ancrage dans les réseaux et de la solidarité internationale peuvent être la clé du succès. Der vorliegende Artikel beruht auf einer Fallstudie über die zivile Luftfahrt in Portugal und befasst sich mit den Auswirkungen prekärer Beschäftigung auf gewerkschaftliches Handeln sowie mit den Bedingungen, unter denen die Gewerkschaften die Interessen prekär beschäftigter Arbeitnehmer wahrnehmen. Die Autoren nutzen den Rahmen der Machtressourcentheorie für ihre Untersuchung und kommen zu dem Schluss, dass kostensenkende Beschäftigungspraktiken von Arbeitgebern strategisch genutzt werden, um gegen kollektives Handeln und Gewerkschaftsbewegung zu agieren. Darüber hinaus zeigt der Artikel, dass es für die Gewerkschaften ein Schlüssel zum Erfolg sein kann, wenn sie zur Wahrnehmung der Interessen prekär beschäftigter Arbeitnehmer eine inklusive Strategie nutzen, die auf sich gegenseitig verstärkende und ergänzende gewerkschaftliche Machtressourcen, Einbettung in Netzwerke und internationale Solidarität setzt.

British Trade Unionism 1979-89: Change, Continuity and Contradictions

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Union Membership ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Worker Attitudes ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
British Trade ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
The Impact

The paper begins by briefly documenting many of the changes that have occurred in the 1980s in union membership, occupational structure, strikes, etc. and sets out to compare two interpretations: (i) that these represent a secular transformation towards a new industrial relations, (ii) that they constitute a largely cyclical phenomenon. Whilst there are clearly elements of both modes of change, it is argued that in terms of core elements of industrial relations - the power, interests and relations between the parties - the cyclical hypothesis is much nearer the truth. The paper uses Batstone's (1988) model of power resources to analyse the impact of changes and trends in labour markets, product markets, employer and union strategies, production systems and worker attitudes. In some cases, e.g. worker attitudes, there has been little basic change; in others, e.g. production systems, the effects have been variable; in others again, e.g. state and employer strategies, the effects have sometimes been the opposite of those intended. The paper ends by looking at several explanations for these results.

Evaluating the innovation of oil and gas enterprises under new circumstances: Evidence from Rosneft Oil Company

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1444-1458
Author(s):  
N.M. Baranova ◽  
D.S. Loginova ◽  
S.N. Larin
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Corporate Development ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Trade Wars ◽  
Oil Company

Subject. Illustrating the case of Rosneft Oil Company, we herein study how innovation spurs business operations, increases the competitiveness of firms and protects them from risks. Objectives. We model the innovative activity of Rosneft Oil Company and its competitiveness. Methods. We analyze proceedings by the Russian and foreign scholars, materials on program for the innovative and sustainable development of Rosneft Oil Company. Our assessments were based on statistical data of Rosneft’s annual report for 2004–2019. The regression analysis and econometric studies were conducted via Eviews10. Results. We set models to predict the innovative development of the company for the nearest future. We revealed that the linear model was the most appropriate and suitable for forecasting. Properties and estimates of the exponential model turned to be insignificant, on the contrary. Conclusions and Relevance. Currently, it is difficult to forecast the extent to which corporate development, its innovative activity will change in 2020 and in the nearest future. Despite the company’s achievements before 2020, continuous trade wars, geopolitical conflicts, pandemic, OPEC agreements and a consequential drastic drop in the demand for power resources considerably slowed down the pace of the economic growth not only in the company, but also in the country.

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