Pareto front analysis of flight time and energy use in long-distance bird migration

AbstractElectric and autonomous mobility will increasingly rely on advanced route planning algorithms. Robust testing of these algorithms is dependent on the availability of large realistic data sets. Such data sets should capture realistic time-varying traffic patterns and corresponding travel-time and energy-use predictions. Ideally, time-varying availability of charging infrastructure and vehicle-specific charging-power curves should be included in the data to support advanced planning.We contribute with a modular testbed architecture including a semi-synthetic data generator that uses a state-of-the-art traffic simulator, real traffic distribution patterns, EV-specific data, and elevation data to generate time-dependent travel-time and energy-use weights in a road-network graph. The experimental study demonstrates that the testbed can reproduce travel-time and energy-use patterns for long-distance trips similar to commercially available services.

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Advancement in long-distance bird migration through individual plasticity in departure

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-25022-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jesse R. Conklin ◽

Simeon Lisovski ◽

Phil F. Battley

Keyword(s):

Bird Migration ◽

Population Level ◽

Breeding Site ◽

Environmental Constraints ◽

Adaptive Responses ◽

Long Distance ◽

Direct Observations ◽

Breeding Resources ◽

Plastic Responses

AbstractGlobally, bird migration is occurring earlier in the year, consistent with climate-related changes in breeding resources. Although often attributed to phenotypic plasticity, there is no clear demonstration of long-term population advancement in avian migration through individual plasticity. Using direct observations of bar-tailed godwits (Limosa lapponica) departing New Zealand on a 16,000-km journey to Alaska, we show that migration advanced by six days during 2008–2020, and that within-individual advancement was sufficient to explain this population-level change. However, in individuals tracked for the entire migration (50 total tracks of 36 individuals), earlier departure did not lead to earlier arrival or breeding in Alaska, due to prolonged stopovers in Asia. Moreover, changes in breeding-site phenology varied across Alaska, but were not reflected in within-population differences in advancement of migratory departure. We demonstrate that plastic responses can drive population-level changes in timing of long-distance migration, but also that behavioral and environmental constraints en route may yet limit adaptive responses to global change.

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Consistency in long-distance bird migration: contrasting patterns in time and space for two raptors

Animal Behaviour ◽

10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.12.014 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 113 ◽

pp. 177-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Yannis Vardanis ◽

Jan-Åke Nilsson ◽

Raymond H.G. Klaassen ◽

Roine Strandberg ◽

Thomas Alerstam

Keyword(s):

Bird Migration ◽

Time And Space ◽

Long Distance

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Different Signatures of High Cardiorespiratory Capacity Revealed With Metabolomic Profiling in Elite Athletes

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2019-0267 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1156-1167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gustavo Monnerat ◽

Carlos A.R. Sánchez ◽

Caleb G.M. Santos ◽

Dailson Paulucio ◽

Rodolfo Velasque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Exercise Test ◽

Human Performance ◽

Energy Use ◽

Maximal Exercise ◽

Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Maximal Exercise Test ◽

Long Distance ◽

Metabolic Alterations

Purpose: High cardiorespiratory capacity is a key determinant of human performance and life expectancy; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate biochemical signatures of endurance-performance athletes using high-resolution nontargeted metabolomics. Methods: Elite long-distance runners with similar training and anthropometrical records were studied. After athletes’ maximal oxygen consumption () was measured, they were divided into 2 groups: low (<65 mL·kg−1·min−1, n = 7) and high (>75 mL·kg−1·min−1, n = 7). Plasma was collected under basal conditions after 12 hours of fasting and after a maximal exercise test (nonfasted) and analyzed by high-resolution LC–MS. Multivariate and univariate statistics were applied. Results: A total of 167 compounds were putatively identified with an LC–MS-based metabolomics pipeline. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis showed a clear separation between groups. Significant variations in metabolites highlighted group differences in diverse metabolic pathways, including lipids, vitamins, amino acids, purine, histidine, xenobiotics, and others, either under basal condition or after the maximal exercise test. Conclusions: Taken together, the metabolic alterations revealed in the study affect cellular energy use and availability, oxidative stress management, muscle damage, central nervous system signaling metabolites, nutrients, and compound bioavailability, providing new insights into metabolic alterations associated with exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness levels in trained athletes.

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Honeycomb Map: A Bioinspired Topological Map for Indoor Search and Rescue Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20030907 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 907 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ricardo da Rosa ◽

Marco Aurelio Wehrmeister ◽

Thadeu Brito ◽

José Luís Lima ◽

Ana Isabel Pinheiro Nunes Pereira

Keyword(s):

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽

Prior Knowledge ◽

Energy Use ◽

Search And Rescue ◽

Data Types ◽

Topological Map ◽

Exploration Time ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽

Time And Energy

The use of robots to map disaster-stricken environments can prevent rescuers from being harmed when exploring an unknown space. In addition, mapping a multi-robot environment can help these teams plan their actions with prior knowledge. The present work proposes the use of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the construction of a topological map inspired by the way that bees build their hives. A UAV can map a honeycomb only if it is adjacent to a known one. Different metrics to choose the honeycomb to be explored were applied. At the same time, as UAVs scan honeycomb adjacencies, RGB-D and thermal sensors capture other data types, and then generate a 3D view of the space and images of spaces where there may be fire spots, respectively. Simulations in different environments showed that the choice of metric and variation in the number of UAVs influence the number of performed displacements in the environment, consequently affecting exploration time and energy use.

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Long-distance dispersal of the beach strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, from North America to Chile and Hawaii

Annals of Botany ◽

10.1093/aob/mcaa165 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

James F Hancock ◽

Harold H Prince

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Bird Migration ◽

Aleutian Islands ◽

South American ◽

Rocky Shores ◽

Long Distance Dispersal ◽

Feeding Preferences ◽

Long Distance ◽

Central California ◽

Fragaria Chiloensis

Abstract Background and Aims The beach strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, is found in a narrow coastal band from the Aleutian Islands to central California and then jumps thousands of kilometres all the way to Hawaii and Chile. As it probably had a North American origin, it must have been introduced to the other locations by long-distance dispersal. The aim of this study was to determine which agent carried the beach strawberry to its Pacific and South American locations. Methods A deductive framework was constructed to separate between the possible modes of long-distance dispersal involving animals, wind and ocean currents. Bird migration was subsequently identified as the most likely scenario, and then the routes, habitats, feeding preferences and flight distances of all the shorebird species were evaluated to determine the most likely carrier. Key Results Six species migrate between North America and Chile and feed on the beaches and rocky shores where F. chiloensis grows naturally: Black-bellied Plovers, Greater Yellowlegs, Ruddy Turnstones, Sanderlings, Whimbrels and Willets. Of these, only two eat fruit and migrate in long continuous flight: Ruddy Turnstones and Whimbrels. Two species travel between North America and Hawaii, eat fruit and forage on the beaches and rocky shores where F. chiloensis grows naturally: Pacific Golden-plovers and Ruddy Turnstones. Ruddy Turnstones eat far less fruit than Pacific Golden-plovers and Whimbrels, making them less likely to have introduced the beach strawberry to either location. Conclusions We provide evidence that F. chiloesis seeds were probably dispersed to Hawaii by Pacific Golden-plovers and to Chile by Whimbrels.

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