Similar profile of cognitive impairment and recovery for Aboriginal Australians in treatment for episodic or chronic alcohol use

Addiction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 1419-1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie M. Dingwall ◽  
Paul Maruff ◽  
Sheree Cairney
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Aboriginal Australians ◽  
Similar Profile

scholarly journals Magnesium Metabolism in Chronic Alcohol-Use Disorder: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1959
Author(s):  
Flora O. Vanoni ◽  
Gregorio P. Milani ◽  
Carlo Agostoni ◽  
Giorgio Treglia ◽  
Pietro B. Faré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Renal Handling ◽  
Intracellular Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Depletion ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

Chronic alcohol-use disorder has been imputed as a possible cause of dietary magnesium depletion. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in chronic alcohol-use disorder, and to provide information on intracellular magnesium and on its renal handling. We carried out a structured literature search up to November 2020, which returned 2719 potentially relevant records. After excluding non-significant records, 25 were retained for the final analysis. The meta-analysis disclosed that both total and ionized circulating magnesium are markedly reduced in chronic alcohol-use disorder. The funnel plot and the Egger’s test did not disclose significant publication bias. The I2-test demonstrated significant statistical heterogeneity between studies. We also found that the skeletal muscle magnesium content is reduced and the kidney’s normal response to hypomagnesemia is blunted. In conclusion, magnesium depletion is common in chronic alcohol-use disorder. Furthermore, the kidney plays a crucial role in the development of magnesium depletion.

A narrative review of chronic alcohol-induced atrial fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rea Mittal ◽  
Lilly Su ◽  
Devyani Ramgobin ◽  
Ashwani Garg ◽  
Rahul Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Dependent Relationship ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Dose Dependent

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly prevalent and can lead to many cardiovascular complications, including arrhythmias. Chronic alcohol use has a dose-dependent relationship with incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF), where higher alcohol intake (>3 drinks a day) is associated with higher risk of AF. Meanwhile, low levels of chronic alcohol intake (<1 drink a day) is not associated with increased risk of AF. Mechanistically, chronic alcohol intake alters the structural, functional and electrical integrity of the atria, predisposing to AF. Increased screening can help identify AUD patients early on and provide the opportunity to educate on chronic alcohol use related risks, such as AF. The ideal treatment to reduce risk of incident or recurrent AF in AUD populations is abstinence.

scholarly journals Memantine Usage for Management of Korsakoff Syndrome in the Setting of Chronic Alcohol Use and Unspecified Eating Disorder

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun Reddy ◽  
Andrea Hernandez ◽  
Leah Grossman ◽  
Debra Angelo ◽  
Johnathan Frunzi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Korsakoff Syndrome

Markers of chronic alcohol use in hair: Comparison of ethyl glucuronide and cocaethylene in cocaine users

2007 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Politi ◽  
Alessandra Zucchella ◽  
Luca Morini ◽  
Cristiana Stramesi ◽  
Aldo Polettini
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Ethyl Glucuronide ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Cocaine Users

Mefenamic Acid Attenuates Chronic Alcohol Induced Cognitive Impairment in Zebrafish: Possible Role of Cholinergic Pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1392-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venugopalan Rajesh ◽  
Mohanan Mridhulmohan ◽  
Subramanian Jayaseelan ◽  
Palanivel Sivakumar ◽  
Vellaiyachamy Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Cholinergic Pathway

scholarly journals Differential expression of microRNAs in the hippocampi of male and female rodents after chronic alcohol administration

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Ran Choi ◽  
Jasmin Sanghyun Han ◽  
Yeung-Bae Jin ◽  
Sang-Rae Lee ◽  
In Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Administration ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Administration

Abstract Background Women are more vulnerable than men to the neurotoxicity and severe brain damage caused by chronic heavy alcohol use. In addition, brain damage due to chronic heavy alcohol use may be associated with sex-dependent epigenetic modifications. This study aimed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes that are differentially expressed in the hippocampi of male and female animal models in response to alcohol. Methods After chronic alcohol administration (3~3.5 g/kg/day) in male (control, n = 10; alcohol, n = 12) or female (control, n = 10; alcohol, n = 12) Sprague-Dawley rats for 6 weeks, we measured body weights and doublecortin (DCX; a neurogenesis marker) concentrations and analyzed up- or downregulated miRNAs using GeneChip miRNA 4.0 arrays. The differentially expressed miRNAs and their putative target genes were validated by RT-qPCR. Results Alcohol attenuated body weight gain only in the male group. On the other hand, alcohol led to increased serum AST in female rats and decreased serum total cholesterol concentrations in male rats. The expression of DCX was significantly reduced in the hippocampi of male alcohol-treated rats. Nine miRNAs were significantly up- or downregulated in male alcohol-treated rats, including upregulation of miR-125a-3p, let-7a-5p, and miR-3541, and downregulation of their target genes (Prdm5, Suv39h1, Ptprz1, Mapk9, Ing4, Wt1, Nkx3-1, Dab2ip, Rnf152, Ripk1, Lin28a, Apbb3, Nras, and Acvr1c). On the other hand, 7 miRNAs were significantly up- or downregulated in alcohol-treated female rats, including downregulation of miR-881-3p and miR-504 and upregulation of their target genes (Naa50, Clock, Cbfb, Arih1, Ube2g1, and Gng7). Conclusions These results suggest that chronic heavy alcohol use produces sex-dependent effects on neurogenesis and miRNA expression in the hippocampus and that sex differences should be considered when developing miRNA biomarkers to diagnose or treat alcoholics.

The Koori Growing Old Well Study: investigating aging and dementia in urban Aboriginal Australians

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie Radford ◽  
Holly A. Mack ◽  
Hamish Robertson ◽  
Brian Draper ◽  
Simon Chalkley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Aboriginal Australians ◽  
South Wales

ABSTRACTBackground:Dementia is an emerging health priority in Australian Aboriginal communities, but substantial gaps remain in our understanding of this issue, particularly for the large urban section of the population. In remote Aboriginal communities, high prevalence rates of dementia at relatively young ages have been reported. The current study is investigating aging, cognitive decline, and dementia in older urban/regional Aboriginal Australians.Methods:We partnered with five Aboriginal communities across the eastern Australian state of New South Wales, to undertake a census of all Aboriginal men and women aged 60 years and over residing in these communities. This was followed by a survey of the health, well-being, and life history of all consenting participants. Participants were also screened using three cognitive instruments. Those scoring below designated cut-offs, and a 20% random sample of those scoring above (i.e. “normal” range), completed a contact person interview (with a nominated family member) and medical assessment (blind to initial screening results), which formed the basis of “gold standard” clinical consensus determinations of cognitive impairment and dementia.Conclusion:This paper details our protocol for a population-based study in collaboration with local Aboriginal community organizations. The study will provide the first available prevalence rates for dementia and cognitive impairment in a representative sample of urban Aboriginal people, across city and rural communities, where the majority of Aboriginal Australians live. It will also contribute to improved assessment of dementia and cognitive impairment and to the understanding of social determinants of successful aging, of international significance.

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