Evidence for a common molecular origin of the capsule gene loci in Gram-negative bacteria expressing group II capsular polysaccharides

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1251-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Frosch ◽  
U. Edwards ◽  
K. Bousset ◽  
B. Krauße ◽  
C. Weisgerber
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Molecular Origin ◽  
Group Ii

scholarly journals Gene Targeting in Gram-Negative Bacteria by Use of a Mobile Group II Intron (“Targetron”) Expressed from a Broad-Host-Range Vector

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 2735-2743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yao ◽  
Alan M. Lambowitz
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Gene Targeting ◽  
Inducible Promoter ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Efficient Gene ◽  
Range Vector ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Broad Host Range Vector

ABSTRACT Mobile group II introns (“targetrons”) can be programmed for insertion into virtually any desired DNA target with high frequency and specificity. Here, we show that targetrons expressed via an m-toluic acid-inducible promoter from a broad-host-range vector containing an RK2 minireplicon can be used for efficient gene targeting in a variety of gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Targetrons expressed from donor plasmids introduced by electroporation or conjugation yielded targeted disruptions at frequencies of 1 to 58% of screened colonies in the E. coli lacZ, P. aeruginosa pqsA and pqsH, and A. tumefaciens aopB and chvI genes. The development of this broad-host-range system for targetron expression should facilitate gene targeting in many bacteria.

scholarly journals Investigation of core machinery for biosynthesis of Vi antigen capsular polysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria

2021 ◽  
pp. 101486
Author(s):  
Samantha S. Wear ◽  
Caitlin Sande ◽  
Olga G. Ovchinnikova ◽  
Andrew Preston ◽  
Chris Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Vi Antigen

scholarly journals Lipid on capsular polysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria.

1981 ◽  
Vol 256 (17) ◽  
pp. 8915-8921
Author(s):  
E C Gotschlich ◽  
B A Fraser ◽  
O Nishimura ◽  
J B Robbins ◽  
T Y Liu
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

Le bactériologiste clinique face à un problème de classification : Moraxella, Achromobacter, Acinetobacter

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Leduc ◽  
Jean Fontaine ◽  
Michel Brazeau ◽  
Louise C. Panisset ◽  
Serge Montplaisir
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Macconkey Agar ◽  
Bacterial Taxonomy ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Medical Interest

The clinical bacteriologist faces a taxonomical problem concerning a group of Gram-negative, non-chromogenous, oxydase-negative bacilli, isolated on MacConkey agar and which produce no modification of Kligler medium (glucose, lactose, SH2).A review of the literature on the subject is made and allows the authors to adopt M. Piéchaud's nomenclature, which uses the term Moraxella and divides this genus in two groups:group I, oxydase-positive, is briefly discussed;group II, oxydase-negative, contains two species:(a) Moraxella lwoffi, which is synonymous with Mima polymorpha, Achromobacter, and Acinetobacter lwoffi,(b) Moraxella glucidolytica, also termed Herellea vaginicola, B5W, Bacterium anitratum, Achromobacter, and Acinetobacter anitratum.Table III is suggested for the differential diagnosis of these Gram-negative bacteria of medical interest, which do not belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae. This diagram also indicates the position that the authors think Moraxella, Achromobacter, and Acinetobacter should have in bacterial taxonomy.

ABC transporters and the export of capsular polysaccharides from Gram-negative bacteria

2001 ◽  
Vol 152 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P Silver ◽  
Kelli Prior ◽  
Christiane Nsahlai ◽  
Lori F Wright
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

Bacterial-Mucosal Cell Junctional Complexes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
Roger C. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Mucosal Lining ◽  
Degenerative Alterations ◽  
Junctional Complexes ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Cells

Bacteria exhibit the ability to adhere to the apical surfaces of intestinal mucosal cells. These attachments either precede invasion of the intestinal wall by the bacteria with accompanying inflammation and degeneration of the mucosa or represent permanent anchoring sites where the bacteria never totally penetrate the mucosal cells.Endemic gram negative bacteria were found attached to the surface of mucosal cells lining the walls of crypts in the rat colon. The bacteria did not intrude deeper than 0.5 urn into the mucosal cells and no degenerative alterations were detectable in the mucosal lining.

Rapid demonstration of septic or infectious arthritis due to Gram-negative bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 686-687
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Paul R. Gross ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Infectious Arthritis ◽  
Bacterial Arthritis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Blood cultures are positive in approximately only 50 per cent of the patients with nongonococcal bacterial infectious arthritis and about 20 per cent of those with gonococcal arthritis. But the concept that gram-negative bacteria could be involved even in chronic arthritis is well-supported. Gram stains are more definitive in staphylococcal arthritis caused by gram-positive bacteria than in bacterial arthritis due to gram-negative bacteria. In the latter situation where gram-negative bacilli are the problem, Gram stains are helpful for 50% of the patients; they are only helpful for 25% of the patients, however, where gram-negative gonococci are the problem. In arthritis due to gram-positive Staphylococci. Gramstained smears are positive for 75% of the patients.

Ultrastructure of periplasmic bodies in gram-negative bacteria

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
Xie Nianming ◽  
Ding Shaoqing ◽  
Wang Luping ◽  
Yuan Zenglin ◽  
Zhan Guolai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Periplasmic Space ◽  
Clostridium Tetani ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Brucella Canis

Perhaps the data about periplasmic enzymes are obtained through biochemical methods but lack of morphological description. We have proved the existence of periplasmic bodies by electron microscope and described their ultrastructures. We hope this report may draw the attention of biochemists and mrophologists to collaborate on researches in periplasmic enzymes or periplasmic bodies with each other.One or more independent bodies may be seen in the periplasmic space between outer and inner membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, which we called periplasmic bodies. The periplasmic bodies have been found in seven species of bacteria at least, including the Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Shigella flexneri, Echerichia coli. Yersinia pestis, Campylobacter jejuni, Proteus mirabilis, Clostridium tetani. Vibrio cholerae and Brucella canis.

Dual stain kit for the microscopic gram classification of ocular infection bacteria

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 248-249
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Dale N. Holdren ◽  
Kenneth L. Cohen ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Keratitis and conjunctivitis (infections of the cornea or conjunctiva) are ocular infections caused by various bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites; bacteria, however, are usually prominent. Systemic conditions such as alcoholism, diabetes, debilitating disease, AIDS and immunosuppressive therapy can lead to increased susceptibility but trauma and contact lens use are very important factors. Gram-negative bacteria are most frequently cultured in these situations and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is most usually isolated from culture-positive ulcers of patients using contact lenses. Smears for staining can be obtained with a special swab or spatula and Gram staining frequently guides choice of a therapeutic rinse prior to the report of the culture results upon which specific antibiotic therapy is based. In some cases staining of the direct smear may be diagnostic in situations where the culture will not grow. In these cases different types of stains occasionally assist in guiding therapy.

Neutrophil pseudoplatelets in subgingival plaque and crevicular fluid samples from periodontal diseased sites

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 862-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hanker ◽  
E.J. Burkes ◽  
G. Greco ◽  
R. Scruggs ◽  
B. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Staining Reaction ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

The mature neutrophil with a segmented nucleus (usually having 3 or 4 lobes) is generally considered to be the end-stage cell of the neutrophil series. It is usually found as such in the bone marrow and peripheral blood where it normally is the most abundant leukocyte. Neutrophils, however, must frequently leave the peripheral blood and migrate into areas of infection to combat microorganisms. It is in such areas that neutrophils were first observed to fragment to form platelet-size particles some of which have a nuclear lobe. These neutrophil pseudoplatelets (NPP) can readily be distinguished from true platelets because they stain for neutrophil myeloperoxidase. True platelets are not positive in this staining reaction because their peroxidase Is inhibited by glutaraldehyde. Neutrophil pseudoplatelets, as well as neutrophils budding to form NPP, could frequently be observed in peripheral blood or bone marrow samples of leukemia patients. They are much more prominent, however, in smears of inflammatory exudates that contain gram-negative bacteria and in gingival crevicular fluid samples from periodontal disease sites. In some of these samples macrophages ingesting, or which contained, pseudoplatelets could be observed. The myeloperoxidase in the ingested pseudoplatelets was frequently active. Despite these earlier observations we did not expect to find many NPP in subgingival plaque smears from diseased sites. They were first seen by light microscopy (Figs. 1, 3-5) in smears on coverslips stained with the PATS reaction, a variation of the PAS reaction which deposits silver for light and electron microscopy. After drying replicate PATS-stained coverslips with hexamethyldisilazane, they were sputter coated with gold and then examined by the SEI and BEI modes of scanning electron microscopy (Fig. 2). Unstained replicate coverslips were fixed, and stained for the demonstration of myeloperoxidase in budding neutrophils and NPP. Neutrophils, activated macrophages and spirochetes as well as other gram-negative bacteria were also prominent in the PATS stained samples. In replicate subgingival plaque smears stained with our procedure for granulocyte peroxidases only neutrophils, budding neutrophils or NPP were readily observed (Fig. 6).

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