Sperm Immobilization by Dental Focus Microorganisms

Andrologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. LINOSSIER ◽  
A. THUMANN ◽  
E. BUSTOS-OBREGON
Keyword(s):  
Dental Focus ◽  
Sperm Immobilization

scholarly journals Surrogate post-coital testing for contraceptive efficacy against human sperm activity in the ovine vaginal model†

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Jamal Saada ◽  
Shrestha Bhawana ◽  
Sam Lai ◽  
Paula Villarreal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Sperm ◽  
Vaginal Fluid ◽  
Human Semen ◽  
Ovine Model ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Efficacy Assessment ◽  
Sperm Immobilization

Abstract High unintended pregnancy rates are partially due to lack of effective nonhormonal contraceptives; development of safe, effective topical vaginal methods will address this need. Preclinical product safety and efficacy assessment requires in vivo testing in appropriate models. The sheep is a good model for the evaluation of vaginally delivered products due to its close similarities to humans. The study objective was to develop an ovine model for efficacy testing of female nonhormonal contraceptives that target human sperm. Fresh human semen was pooled from male volunteers. Nonpregnant female Merino sheep were treated with control or vaginal contraceptive product (IgG antibody with action against sperm or nonoxynol-9 [N9]). Pooled semen was added to the sheep vagina and mixed with product and vaginal secretions. Microscopic assessment of samples was performed immediately and progressive motility (PM) of sperm was compared between treatments. Cytokines CXCL8 and IL1B were assessed in vaginal fluid after instillation of human semen. No adverse reactions or elevations in proinflammatory cytokines occurred in response to human semen. N9 produced signs of acute cellular toxicity while there were no cellular changes after IgG treatment. N9 and IgG had dose-related effects with the highest dose achieving complete sperm immobilization (no sperm with PM). Surrogate post-coital testing of vaginally administered contraceptives that target human semen was developed in an ovine model established for vaginal product preclinical testing. This expanded model can aid the development of much needed nonhormonal topical vaginal contraceptives, providing opportunities for rapid iterative drug development prior to costly, time-intensive human testing.

Dental pathologies in tumor patients with bone metastases or multiple myeloma scheduled for antiresorptive therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Laimer ◽  
Martin Hechenberger ◽  
Daniela Müller ◽  
Benjamin Walch ◽  
Andreas Kolk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Antiresorptive Therapy ◽  
Jaw Cysts ◽  
Dental Focus ◽  
Antiresorptive Drugs ◽  
The University ◽  
Tooth Extractions

Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a potentially severe complication of mainly antiresorptive drugs. We evaluated the frequency of dentoalveolar pathologies in patients scheduled for antiresorptive therapy in a ‘real-world’ setting, also including patients with poor oral health potentially requiring tooth extractions and/or other dentoalveolar surgery. This approach is in contrast to the setting of recent randomized trials with restrictive exclusion criteria. Patients & methods: We prospectively included patients suffering from solid tumors with osseous metastases or multiple myeloma. Screening for dentoalveolar pathologies was done prior to initiation of antiresorptive therapy at the specialized MRONJ clinic of the University Hospital for Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria. Results: 119 subjects could be included. In 76 patients (63.9%), a dental focus was revealed including deep caries (24.4% of patients), chronic apical periodontitis (26.9%), periodontal disease (45.8%), root remnants (16%), jaw cysts (2.5%), partially impacted teeth (5.0%) and peri-implantitis (5.0%). Conclusion: Considering the high number of dentoalveolar pathologies (63.9%), systematic dental focus screening prior to initiation of antiresorptive therapy is of utmost importance to lower the risk for MRONJ.

scholarly journals Shared Antigenic Determinants Between Spermatozoa and Bacteria: An Experimental Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Bacterial Immobilization ◽  
Sperm Immobilization ◽  
Motile Bacteria

Sperm immobilization factor (SIF), the secretory protein of Staphylococcus aureus, is known to cause complete immobilization, death and morphological alterations in mouse spermatozoa in vitro. However, the present study aims to explore a newer dimension of SIF i.e., to bind to motile and non-motile bacteria and its ability to induce immobilization of motile bacteria in vitro. The results showed that 800µg of SIF caused complete immobilization of motile bacteria, however, death and morphological alterations could not be observed even with 1000µg of SIF. Furthermore, this SIF-mediated bacterial immobilization was reversed when each of the SIF-binding receptor from mouse spermatozoa and bacteria (Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pyogenes) was incubated with bacteria, thereby, providing an experimental evidence of similarity between the antigenic determinants present on spermatozoa and bacteria against a common ligand, SIF.

Endocarditis from a dental focus. Importance of oral hygiene in valvar heart disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Verhaaren ◽  
Geert Claeys ◽  
Gerda Verschraegen ◽  
Christiaan de Niel ◽  
Jules Leroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Focus

Isolation of a spermatozoal immobilization factor from Staphylococcus aureus filtrates

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 874-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Prabha ◽  
Tanushree Gupta ◽  
Siftjit Kaur ◽  
Navchetan Kaur ◽  
Sushila Kala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Human Spermatozoa ◽  
Infertile Woman ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Sperm Immobilization

Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the cervix of an infertile woman was found to cause complete immobilization of human spermatozoa in vitro. Only the cell culture and cell-free supernatant showed immobilization activity, indicating that the sperm immobilization factor might be released extracellularly by the organism because no activity was observed with the washed cells. Heat treatment of the supernatant at 60 °C for 10 min waived its immobilizing activity, indicating that the active component may be a protein. The bioactive molecule from the supernatant was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel permeation chromatography, and ion exchange chromatography. Sperm immobilization factor (SIF) was found to be an ~20 kDa protein. SIF at a concentration of 10 µg/mL was required to cause 100% immobilization of human spermatozoa after 30 min of incubation at 37 °C, whereas a concentration of 150 µg/mL caused immediate immobilization, and a concentration of 200 µg/mL resulted in instant loss of viability of human spermatozoa, observed by eosin–nigrosin staining. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the treatment of human spermatozoa with SIF caused multiple defects in the head, midpiece, neck, and tail region of human spermatozoa.

A novel method of sperm immobilization test applied with computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Yu Wakimoto ◽  
Teruhito Kojima ◽  
Akiko Hasegawa ◽  
Atushi Fukui ◽  
Minoru Shigeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Sperm Immobilization

An Improved Sperm Immobilization Test Based on Multiple Exposure Photography

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
ZEEV BLUMENFELD ◽  
AMNON MAKLER ◽  
HARRIET GERSHON ◽  
JOSEPH M. BRANDES
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Exposure ◽  
Sperm Immobilization
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