Continuous moderate-intensity exercise with or without intermittent high-intensity work: effects on acute and late glycaemia in athletes with Type 1 diabetes mellitus

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 824-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Iscoe ◽  
M. C. Riddell
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

scholarly journals The Effect of a Short Sprint on Postexercise Whole-Body Glucose Production and Utilization Rates in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 4193-4200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Fahey ◽  
N. Paramalingam ◽  
R. J. Davey ◽  
E. A. Davis ◽  
T. W. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Context: Recently we showed that a 10-sec maximal sprint effort performed before or after moderate intensity exercise can prevent early hypoglycemia during recovery in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, the mechanisms underlying this protective effect of sprinting are still unknown. Objective: The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that short duration sprinting increases blood glucose levels via a disproportionate increase in glucose rate of appearance (Ra) relative to glucose rate of disappearance (Rd). Subjects and Experimental Design: Eight T1DM participants were subjected to a euglycemic-euinsulinemic clamp and, together with nondiabetic participants, were infused with [6,6-2H]glucose before sprinting for 10 sec and allowed to recover for 2 h. Results: In response to sprinting, blood glucose levels increased by 1.2 ± 0.2 mmol/liter (P < 0.05) within 30 min of recovery in T1DM participants and remained stable afterward, whereas glycemia rose by only 0.40 ± 0.05 mmol/liter in the nondiabetic group. During recovery, glucose Ra did not change in both groups (P > 0.05), but glucose Rd in the nondiabetic and diabetic participants fell rapidly after exercise before returning within 30 min to preexercise levels. After sprinting, the levels of plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, and GH rose transiently in both experimental groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: A sprint as short as 10 sec can increase plasma glucose levels in nondiabetic and T1DM individuals, with this rise resulting from a transient decline in glucose Rd rather than from a disproportionate rise in glucose Ra relative to glucose Rd as reported with intense aerobic exercise.

Effect of intermittent high-intensity compared with continuous moderate exercise on glucose production and utilization in individuals with type 1 diabetes

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (3) ◽  
pp. E865-E870 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Guelfi ◽  
N. Ratnam ◽  
G. A. Smythe ◽  
T. W. Jones ◽  
P. A. Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Endogenous Glucose Production ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Lower Glucose

Previously, the decline in glycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes has been shown to be less with intermittent high-intensity exercise (IHE) compared with continuous moderate-intensity exercise (MOD) despite the performance of a greater amount of total work. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether this lesser decline in glycemia can be attributed to a greater increment in endogenous glucose production (Ra) or attenuated glucose utilization (Rd). Nine individuals with type 1 diabetes were tested on two separate occasions, during which either a 30-min MOD or IHE protocol was performed under conditions of a euglycemic clamp in combination with the infusion of [6,6-2H]glucose. MOD consisted of continuous cycling at 40% V̇o2 peak, whereas IHE involved a combination of continuous exercise at 40% V̇o2 peak interspersed with additional 4-s maximal sprint efforts performed every 2 min to simulate the activity patterns of intermittent sports. During IHE, glucose Ra increased earlier and to a greater extent compared with MOD. Similarly, glucose Rd increased sooner during IHE, but the increase by the end of exercise was comparable with that elicited by MOD. During early recovery from IHE, Rd rapidly declined, whereas it remained elevated after MOD, a finding consistent with a lower glucose infusion rate during early recovery from IHE compared with MOD ( P < 0.05). The results suggest that the lesser decline in glycemia with IHE may be attributed to a greater increment in Ra during exercise and attenuated Rd during exercise and early recovery.

Acute, same-day effects of antecedent exercise on counterregulatory responses to subsequent hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (6) ◽  
pp. E1331-E1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darleen A. Sandoval ◽  
Deanna L. Aftab Guy ◽  
M. Antoinette Richardson ◽  
Andrew C. Ertl ◽  
Stephen N. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Endogenous Glucose Production ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Endogenous Glucose ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise-induced hypoglycemia can occur within hours after exercise in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. This study tested the hypothesis that an acute exercise bout causes (within hours) blunted autonomic and metabolic responses to subsequent hypoglycemia in patients with T1DM. Twelve T1DM patients (3 W/9 M) were studied during a single-step, 2-h hyperinsulinemic (572 ± 4 pmol/l) hypoglycemic (2.8 ± 0.1 mmol/l) clamp 2 h after either a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic (AM EUG) or hypoglycemic clamp (AM HYPO) or after sitting in a chair with basal insulin infusion (AM CON) or 90 min of moderate-intensity exercise (50% V̇o2 max, AM EX). Both AM HYPO and AM EX significantly blunted epinephrine responses and muscle sympathetic nerve activity responses to subsequent hypoglycemia compared with both control groups. Endogenous glucose production was significantly lower and the exogenous glucose infusion rate needed to maintain the hypoglycemic level was significantly greater during subsequent hypoglycemia in AM EX vs. CON. Rate of glucose disposal (Rd) was significantly reduced following AM HYPO. In summary, within 2.5 h, both moderate-intensity AM EX and AM HYPO blunted key autonomic counterregulatory responses. Despite this, glucose Rdwas reduced during afternoon hypoglycemia following morning hypoglycemia, indicating posthypoglycemic insulin resistance. After morning exercise, endogenous glucose production was blunted, but glucose Rdwas maintained during afternoon hypoglycemia, thereby indicating reduced metabolic defenses against hypoglycemia. These data suggest that exercise-induced counterregulatory failure can occur very rapidly, increasing the risk for hypoglycemia in T1DM within hours.

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