ESTIMATING PROCESSES OF COUNTS FROM CROSS-SECTIONAL AGGREGATE DATA, WITH AN APPLICATION TO MULTISTATE LIFE TABLES AND HEALTH EXPECTANCIES

As is the case in many other countries, mortality has been undergoing substantial, though not precisely understood, changes in Pakistan. In the absence of a reliable and adequate system of vital registration in the country, the precise measurement of these changes is well nigh impossible. In Pakistan, an attempt to estimate levels of fertility and mortality on a sample basis was made through the Population Growth Estimation (PGE) project undertaken from 1962 through 1965 [5, 12]. Subsequently, another demographic survey, called the Population Growth Survey (PGS), was initiated and carried out from 1968 through 1971 [13]. In the PGE a dual system of data collection was utilized based on continuous (Longitudinal) registration and a periodic (Cross-Sectional) survey. In the PGS, data were collected through periodic surveys only. Data from the PGS have only recently been made available to researchers. The present set of life tables is based on the mortality statistics collected in 1968 and 1971 field operations of the PGS.

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Multistate Life Tables: Movement versus Transition Perspectives

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1068/a120533 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 533-562 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

J Ledent

Keyword(s):

Life Table ◽

Principal Part ◽

Life Tables ◽

Ordinary Life ◽

Multistate Life Tables ◽

Versus Transition ◽

Alternative Approaches ◽

The One ◽

Transition Approach ◽

Multistate Life Table

This paper attempts to present a comprehensive view of the methodological and empirical aspects involved in the construction of increment–decrement life tables, that is life tables which allow entries into (increments) as well as withdrawals from (decrements) alternative states. The first principal part of the paper, section 2, presents a theoretical exposition of such tables, paralleling that of the ordinary life table, and discusses various issues raised by the conceptualization of multistate life-table functions. The second principal part, section 3, contrasts the two alternative approaches to the applied calculation of such tables. On the one hand, the movement approach, which views interstate transfers as events (such as deaths or births), requires data in the form of occurrence/exposure rates; on the other hand, the transition approach, which regards such transfers as the results of a change in an individual's state of presence between two points in time, uses data in the form of survivorship proportions.

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Multistate Life Tables

Life Table Techniques and their Applications ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-513930-4.50014-2 ◽

1987 ◽

pp. 137-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Krishnan Namboodiri ◽

C.M. Suchindran

Keyword(s):

Life Tables ◽

Multistate Life Tables

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Complex Measures and Sociotropic Voting

Political Analysis ◽

10.1093/pan/4.1.75 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 75-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jonathan A. Cowden ◽

Thomas Hartley

Keyword(s):

Asymptotic Properties ◽

Aggregate Data ◽

The Self ◽

Consistent Estimate ◽

Social Scientists ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Economic Interests ◽

Self Interest ◽

Correlated Factors ◽

Economic Perceptions

Social scientists often employ measures that tap correlated factors. This article explores the effects of these complex measures on OLS estimators and specifies some of the conditions under which researchers should or should not include them in a regression.The derivations allow us to shed some new light on the debate about sociotropic and pocketbook voting. In a classic piece, Kramer (1983) criticized inferences about economic interests that were based on cross-sectional data. He also argued that aggregate data could be used to assess the net effects of both sociotropic interest and self-interest on the vote. In this article, by using a complex judgment measure of sociotropic and self-interested economic perceptions and a redundant measure of self-interested perceptions, we are able to produce a consistent estimate of the sociotropic effect with aggregate data. An estimate of the self-interest effect is also available, though it may not have any desirable asymptotic properties.

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Diagnostic labels of NANDA-I in a southern region of Spain

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1518-8345.1714.2911 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Rafael González-Rodríguez ◽

María de los Ángeles Martelo-Baro ◽

Pilar Bas-Sarmiento

Keyword(s):

Epidemiological Study ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Aggregate Data ◽

Southern Region ◽

Ecological Design ◽

Risk Of Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nursing Diagnosis ◽

Diagnostic Labels ◽

Age And Sex

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the incidence of NANDA-I diagnostic labels (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association-International) and to establish the distribution of cases of assistance and the associated labels, according to sociodemographic variables (age and sex). Method: descriptive, cross-sectional epidemiological study of labels of NANDA-I, under ecological design. The distribution of labels was analyzed according to sex and age; the corresponding frequencies were calculated and for each label the incidence were calculated rates with aggregate data from the attended cases. Results: the total number of cases of care under study was 9,928 (41.65% men and 58.35% women). The identified labels were 16,456 (7,084 men and 9,372 women); average of 1.7 labels per case of care; Out of 216 labels proposed by NANDA-I, in its 2012-14 classification, 152 were used, representing 70.4%. The labels with the highest incidence rates per thousand inhabitants were: Anxiety, Willingness to Improve Knowledge and Risk of Infection. Conclusions: the study allowed detecting, through NANDA-I, the answers to the health problems of greater incidence in the users attended.

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Flexible transition timing in discrete-time multistate life tables using Markov chains with rewards

10.4054/mpidr-wp-2021-002 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel C. Schneider ◽

Mikko Myrskylä ◽

Alyson A. van Raalte

Keyword(s):

Markov Chains ◽

Discrete Time ◽

Life Tables ◽

Multistate Life Tables

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Transitions among BMI States: A Test of Competing Hypotheses

Obesities ◽

10.3390/obesities1010001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Hui Liew

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Empirical Work ◽

The United States ◽

Life Tables ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Cohort Differences ◽

Multistate Life Tables ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Black Populations ◽

The Impact

Overweight/obesity and underweight among older adults remain major public health concerns in the United States. This study aims to assess cohort differences in transition among BMI (body mass index) statuses (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese) by various cohort and race/ethnicity–gender groups. The empirical work of this study was based on the 1992–2014 Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Multistate life tables (MSLT) were used to assess transitions among different BMI statuses. Results from multistate life tables suggested that the impact of cumulative advantage (disadvantage), persistent inequality, and aging-as-leveler on transition among BMI statuses was shaped along race/ethnicity–gender and cohort lines. Weight management and weight loss strategies should focus on ethnic minorities (i.e., Black and Hispanic populations) and White participants from recent cohorts. Programs aimed at minimizing the negative consequences associated with underweight and weight loss should focus on individuals from earlier cohorts and Black populations.

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