Extracephalic Yawning Pain

Cephalalgia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE Jacome
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eagle Syndrome ◽  
Location Methods ◽  
The Brain

The aim of this study was to report on two patients with recurrent, paroxysmal, extracephalic pain triggered by yawning. Pain with yawning may occur in several conditions (secondary yawning pain) or develop in the absence of precipitating lesions (primary yawning pain). Primary yawning pain is normally of cephalic location. Methods used were clinical neurological examinations, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, computerized head tomography, electroencephalogram, blink reflex studies and Panorex X-ray views of the skull. The first patient had intense right shoulder pain and brief apnea for 2 years triggered by yawning. The second patient had yawning pain referred to an area of the neck where a thyroid tumour (Hürthle cell carcinoma) was later found. Neither of the two patients could precipitate their pain with imitation of yawning and neither had evidence of Eagle syndrome. Only the second patient had a history of migraine. Yawning pain may have an extratrigeminal and extracephalic distribution. It rarely serves to identify a lesion underlying the area where the pain is perceived.

scholarly journals Alternating flexed-extended posturing in progressive supranuclear palsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Ishii ◽  
Hitoshi Mochizuki
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

A 69-year-old man who had been bedridden in nursing home because of a 5-year history of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) was admitted due to aspiration pneumonia. Besides neck dystonia in extension, he showed “alternating flexed–extended posturing”, in which the arm was flexed on one side and extended on the other. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed global cerebral atrophy that predominantly affected the cortex and midbrain. The mechanisms of complex posturing in late-stage PSP may sometimes be related to decortication and decerebration as well as dystonia, and “alternating flexed–extended posturing” might be one of the phenotypes of pathological progression in PSP.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery of Angiographically Occult Vascular Malformations: Indications and Preliminary Experience

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 892-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
L. Dade Lunsford ◽  
Robert J. Coffey ◽  
David J. Bissonette ◽  
John C. Flickinger
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Stereotactic radiosurgery has been shown to treat successfully angiographically demonstrated arteriovenous malformations of the brain. Angiographic obliteration has represented cure and eliminated the risk of future hemorrhage. The role of radiosurgery in the treatment of angiographically occult vascular malformations (AOVMs) has been less well defined. In the initial 32 months of operation of the 201-source cobalt-60 gamma knife at the University of Pittsburgh, 24 patients meeting strict criteria for high-risk AOVMs were treated. Radiosurgery was used conservatively; each patient had sustained two or more hemorrhages and had a magnetic resonance imaging-defined AOVM located in a region of the brain where microsurgical removal was judged to pose an excessive risk. Venous angiomas were excluded by performance of high-resolution subtraction angiography in each patient. Fifteen malformations were in the medulla, pons, and/or mesencephalon, and 5 were located in the thalamus or basal ganglia. Follow-up ranged from 4 to 24 months. Nineteen patients either improved or remained clinically stable and did not hemorrhage again during the follow-up interval. One patient suffered another hemorrhage 7 months after radiosurgery. Five patients experienced temporary worsening of pre-existing neurological deficits that suggested delayed radiation injury. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated signal changes and edema surrounding the radiosurgical target. Dose-volume guidelines for avoiding complications were constructed. Our initial experience indicates that stereotactic radiosurgery can be performed safely in patients with small, well-circumscribed AOVMs located in deep, critical, or relatively inaccessible cerebral locations. Because cerebral angiography is not useful in following patients with AOVMs, long-term magnetic resonance imaging and clinical studies will be necessary to determine whether the natural history of such lesions is changed by radiosurgery.

scholarly journals Symptomatic Cerebral Ependymal Cyst : A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rauf P ◽  
Aidil MN ◽  
Chan KH ◽  
Saufi A ◽  
Fadli M
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neuroepithelial Cyst ◽  
Ependymal Cyst ◽  
History Of ◽  
Occipital Headache ◽  
The Brain

Cerebral ependymal cyst is a rare benign neuroepithelial cyst. We report a case of cerebral ependymal cyst in a 62-year-old lady who presented with status epilepticus. She gave history of progressive right occipital headache over a year. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the brain showed a large occipital cyst. She underwent a right craniotomy, deroofing of the cyst and insertion of Ommaya catheter. The clinicopathological aspects of the cyst are discussed.

scholarly journals Peritumoral (pseudo)cystic meningioma in a cat

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
V. Volckaert ◽  
E. Royaux
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Histopathologic Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Axial Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Brain

A nine-year-old, male, neutered domestic shorthair cat was referred with a three-month history of abnormal behavior. On neurological examination, the cat showed circling towards the left. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed an extra-axial mass at the level of the left forebrain surrounded by a large peritumoral (pseudo)cyst. A left-sided rostrotentorial craniectomy to drain the fluid and to remove the tumor was performed. On histopathologic examination, the presence of a meningioma was confirmed. The owners did not report any clinical signs one year postoperatively.

scholarly journals Negative Diffusion Weighted Imaging on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain in Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Elijah Lackey ◽  
Deepal P. Shah-Zamora ◽  
Jodi Hawes ◽  
Andy J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Caucasian Woman ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
The Brain

A 76-year-old Caucasian woman initially presented to the Duke Memory Disorders clinic with a 9-month history of a rapid decline in cognitive, motor, and neuropsychiatric function. On initial presentation, the patient required assistance with activities of daily living. On neurological examination, she was found to have Gerstmann’s syndrome along with appendicular apraxia. A positional tremor was noted without myoclonus or fasciculations. She had a paucity of speech and was unable to write her own name. Snout and grasp reflexes were present. Episodes of inappropriate laughter were noted during the exam. She was admitted to the inpatient neurology service for further evaluation. The Diffusion Weighted Imaging sequence on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the brain was negative for restricted diffusion. An electroencephalogram was unremarkable. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis for Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion assay was positive along with an elevated 14-3-3 and increased total Tau protein levels. There was no family history of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. The cerebral spinal fluid results were consistent with a diagnosis of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, despite the negative MRI brain findings.

Magnetic resonance imaging for certain diseases of the brain

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
I. V. Klyushkin ◽  
I. I. Kamalov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Results Of Surgery

To clarify the diagnostic capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it was compared with clinical and X-ray examinations. Were used such traditional methods as cranio, angiography, tomography. A total of 40 patients with brain pathology (tumors, vascular malformations, multiple sclerosis, etc.) were observed. The diagnosis was verified by the results of surgery and histological analysis.

Сauses of Dizziness in Patients with Suspected Stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
E. V. Shevchenko ◽  
G. R. Ramazanov ◽  
S. S. Petrikov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Peripheral Vestibulopathy ◽  
Suspected Stroke ◽  
The Brain

Background Acute dizziness may be the only symptom of stroke. Prevalence of this disease among patients with isolated dizziness differs significantly and depends on study design, inclusion criteria and diagnostic methods. In available investigations, we did not find any prospective studies where magnetic resonance imaging, positional maneuvers, and Halmagyi-Curthoys test had been used to clarify a pattern of diseases with isolated acute dizziness and suspected stroke.Aim of study To clarify the pattern of the causes of dizziness in patients with suspected acute stroke.Material and methods We examined 160 patients admitted to N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine with suspected stroke and single or underlying complaint of dizziness. All patients were examined with assessment of neurological status, Dix-Hollpike and Pagnini-McClure maneuvers, HalmagyiCurthoys test, triplex scans of brachiocephalic arteries, transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with magnetic field strength 1.5 T. MRI of the brain was performed in patients without evidence of stroke by CT and in patients with stroke of undetermined etiology according to the TOAST classification.Results In 16 patients (10%), the cause of dizziness was a disease of the brain: ischemic stroke (n=14 (88%)), hemorrhage (n=1 (6%)), transient ischemic attack (TIA) of posterior circulation (n=1 (6%)). In 70.6% patients (n=113), the dizziness was associated with peripheral vestibulopathy: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (n=85 (75%)), vestibular neuritis (n=19 (17%)), Meniere’s disease (n=7 (6%)), labyrinthitis (n=2 (1,3%)). In 6.9% patients (n=11), the cause of dizziness was hypertensive encephalopathy, 1.9% of patients (n=3) had heart rhythm disturbance, 9.4% of patients (n=15) had psychogenic dizziness, 0.6% of patients (n=1) had demyelinating disease, and 0.6% of patients (n=1) had hemic hypoxia associated with iron deficiency anemia.Conclusion In 70.6% patients with acute dizziness, admitted to hospital with a suspected stroke, peripheral vestibulopathy was revealed. Only 10% of patients had a stroke as a cause of dizziness.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pseudo-impingement of Rotator Cuff with Strength Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2-6
Author(s):  
Asad Naqvi ◽  
Timothy Ariyanayagam ◽  
Mir Akber Ali ◽  
Akhila Rachakonda ◽  
Hema N. Choudur
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Subacromial Space ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Training Exercises

Objective: The objective of this study was to outline a novel unique concept of secondary impingement of the muscles, myotendons, and tendons of the rotator cuff from hypertrophy as a result of strength training exercises. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, 58 patients were referred for an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by the orthopedic surgeon to the radiology department over a period of 1½ years. All patients gave a history of strength training exercises and presented with clinical features of rotator cuff impingement. Results: We identified features of hypertrophy of rotator cuff muscles, myotendons, and tendons in 12 of these 58 patients. This was the only abnormality on MRI. The hypertrophy of rotator cuff muscles and tendon bulk completely filling the subacromial space to the point of overfilling and resulting in secondary compressive features. Conclusion: Rotator cuff impingement is a common phenomenon that can occur with various inlet and outlet pathological conditions. However, rotator cuff impingement may also result from muscle and tendon hypertrophy from strength training regimens. Hypertrophy of the rotator cuff can result in overfilling of the subacromial space, leading to secondary impingement, which we have termed as “pseudo-impingement.”

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