Long-term consequences of low birth weight

To the Editor.— The authors of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development report on neonatal care1 found "important" variations among neonatal intensive care units in philosophies of treatment, methods of treatment, and short-term outcomes. In a recent meta-analysis of follow-up studies,2 researchers document a similarly haphazard approach to the long-term evaluation of very low birth weight survivors. Until randomized controlled clinical trials validate the safety and efficacy of neonatal therapies, and until long-term outcomes are assessed accurately, the treatment of very low birth weight infants should be declared experimental.

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IGF-I in extremely low birth weight (ELBW): a long-term observation

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem.2011.996 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (9-10) ◽

Author(s):

Zvi Zadik

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽

Igf I ◽

Long Term Observation

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Role of Sequential Functional Echocardiography in Predicting Clinically Apparent Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Newborns-An Observational Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-125742/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anchala Bhardwaj ◽

ARVIND SAILI ◽

Dinesh Kumar Yadav ◽

Ajay Kumar

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽

Left Atrial ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Ductus Arteriosus ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Predictive Utility ◽

Patent Ductus

Abstract Background The management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates continues to be a topic of discussion and controversy. Prolonged ductal patency in preterm neonates has been associated with significant short and long term morbidities and with increased mortality however, policy of routine treatment of all during neonatal period has failed to show significant improvement in long term outcome. Echocardiography has emerged as a promising modality to screen the newborns at risk of adverse effects of ductal shunting. This helps in identifying PDAs that require treatment to ultimately prevent unnecessary therapy or delay of necessary therapy. There are multitude of studies that have evaluated large number of echocardiographic markers for their predictive utility but only few have included all ductal markers together in a single study. The reported sensitivity (26-100%) and specificity (6-100%) of echocardiographic markers vary over a wide range. Thus, this study was planned with an aim to assess the predictive utility of all available ductal markers and their added advantage of having all over few ones in clinically apparent PDA in preterm VLBW newborns.Methods It was an observational prospective study conducted in tertiary care NICU at Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi. Fifty preterm very low birth weight (VLBW) newborns underwent four sequential Echo scans within first 72 hrs; first scan within 12 hours then at 24 hrs ,48 hrs and 72 hrs of age and were monitored clinically for the signs of PDA up to two weeks of life or discharge whichever comes later.Results The Ductal diameter, pulsatile ductal flow pattern, Left pulmonary artery (LPA) velocity, Left atrial to aortic width (La/Ao) ratio, Left atrial volume index (LAVI), Left ventricle to aortic width (Lv/Ao) ratio, E/A ratio and Left ventricular output/superior vena caval (LVO/SVC) flow ratio predicted clinically apparent PDA during first 72 hours of life.Conclusion This study provides insights into the predictive utility of other ductal echo markers along with the routinely measured conventional ones during first 72 hours of life in preterm VLBW newborns.

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IMPACT OF MULTIPLE BIRTHS ON THE OUTCOME IN EXTREMELY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT NEWBORNS

Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) ◽

10.5272/jimab.2021273.3985 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 3985-3991

Author(s):

Victoria Atanasova ◽

◽

Petar Ivanov ◽

Elitsa Gyokova ◽

Desislava Georgieva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽

Ductus Arteriosus ◽

Intraventricular Haemorrhage ◽

Reproductive Technologies ◽

University Hospital ◽

Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽

Gastrointestinal Problems

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of the extremely low birth weight newborns (ELBWNs) from single and twin pregnancies. Material and methods: The study lasts from 2005 to 2017 and includes all life born ELBWNs treated in University Hospital, Pleven, Bulgaria. Patients' groups: singletons (1) and twins (2); twins conceived naturally(2.1) and after assisted reproductive technologies – ART(2.2). Results: One hundred and eighty two (182) ELBWNs are examined, 65 (35.7%) of them are twins. The twins, compared to singletons, are significantly more often conceived by ART (47.7 vs 4.3%, p<0.001) and significantly more rarely infected prenatally (18 vs 41%, p 0.002). The survival rate is 51.3% for singletons and 56.6% for twins, NS. Survived twins (n 37) achieve later their optimal nutritive tolerance (30±11 vs 25±10 days, p 0.046), require more blood transfusions (3.6±1.9 vs 2.6±1.8 per patient, p 0.009) and longer mechanical ventilation (16±15 vs 9±12 days, p 0.03) than survival singletons (n 60). The twins suffer more often from intraventricular haemorrhage (46 vs 18%, p 0.004), patent ductus arteriosus (35 vs 15%, p 0.02) and long-term complications (51 vs 30%, p 0.04) than singletons. ART-twins (n 31)compared to the subgroup 2.1 (n 34) are more frequently intubated in the delivery room (81 vs. 50%, p 0.01)but suffer less frequently from nosocomial infections (53 vs. 85%, p 0.03). Conclusions: According to our data, ELBW-twins frequently suffer from respiratory, haemorrhagic, and gastrointestinal problems than ELBW-singletons, resulting in more long-term complications. Our study proves that ART does not influence the outcome in multiples.

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HUBUNGAN BBLR DAN ASI EKSLUSIF DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING DI PUSKESMAS LIMA PULUH PEKANBARU

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v3i1.1767 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Lidia Fitri

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Health Centre ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

P Value ◽

Not Given ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Analysis Study

Stunting is one of the long-term indicators for malnutrition. Stunting prevalence in Indonesia about 37.2%. Babies born with low birth weight is 10.2% and the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding is 30.2%. Survey in Limapuluh Health Centre Pekanbaru, from 18 children who perform measurements, obtained 13 infants suffered stunting. The result of interviews showed that three of them were born with low birth weight (BBLR) and five are not given exclusive breastfeeding. This research is to find-out the correlation between low birth weight (BBLR) and exclusive breastfeeding with stunting in Limapuluh Health Centre Pekanbaru in 2017. This study was a quantitative analysis study used cross sectional strategy. Population consists of 300 people, sample consists of 75 people by accidental sampling technique. Analysis using univariat and bivariate. The result were 25 infant (33,3%) are stunting, 22 infant (29,3%) with low birth weight (BBLR) and not given exclusive breastfeeding are 55 infant (73,3%). There was a significant association between low birth weight (BBLR) with stunting was obtained p value 0.000 and association between exclusive breastfeeding with stunting was obtained p value 0.021 its mean p<0,05. There is a relationship between BBLR and exclusive breastfeeding with stunting events, the Ha accepted. Stunting merupakan salah satu indikasi buruknya status gizi pada anak. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia sebesar 37,2%. Angka kejadian bayi dengan BBLR sebanyak 10,2% dan pencapaian ASI ekslusif 30,2%. Survey di Puskesmas Lima Puluh kota Pekanbaru Provinsi Riau didapatkan dari 18 orang balita yang di ukur, 13 orang diantaranya mengalami stunting. Hasil wawancara memperlihatkan bahwa 3 orang diantaranya lahir dengan BBLR dan 5 orang tidak diberikan ASI ekslusif. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) dan ASI ekslusif dengan kejadian stunting di Puskesmas Lima Puluh Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian analitik kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi berjumlah 300 orang balita, sampel 75 responden dengan teknik accidental sampling. Analisis data secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian diperoleh sebanyak 25 orang (33,3%) balita mengalami stunting, balita dengan BBLR sebanyak 22 orang (29,3%) dan yang tidak diberikan ASI ekslusif sebanyak 55 orang (73,3%). Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) dengan kejadian stunting dimana p value 0.000 dan terdapat hubungan antara pemberian ASI ekslusif dengan kejadian stunting diperoleh nilai p value 0.021 artinya p<0,05. Dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan antara BBLR dan ASI eklusif dengan kejadian stunting, maka Ha diterima.

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Short- and long-term outcomes of very low birth weight infants in Korea: Korean Neonatal Network update in 2019

Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics ◽

10.3345/cep.2019.00822 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (8) ◽

pp. 284-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jang Hoon Lee ◽

YoungAh Youn ◽

Yun Sil Chang ◽

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Annual Reports ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Post Discharge ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Korean Society

Korea currently has the world’s lowest birth rate but a rapidly inreasing number of preterm infants. The Korean Neonatal Network (KNN), launched by the Korean Society of Neonatology under the support of Korea Centers for Disease Control, has collected population-based data for very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) born in Korea since 2013. In terms of the short-term outcomes of VLBWIs born from 2013 to 2016 registered in the KNN, the survival rate of all VLBWIs was 86%. Respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were observed in 78% and 30% of all VLBWIs, respectively. Necrotizing enterocolitis occurred in 7%, while 8% of the VLBWIs needed therapy for retinopathy of prematurity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Sepsis occurred in 21% during their NICU stay. Intraventricular hemorrhage (grade ≥III) was diagnosed in 10%. In terms of the long-term outcomes for VLBWIs born from 2013 to 2014 registered in the KNN, the post-discharge mortality rate was approximately 1.2%–1.5%, mainly owing to their underlying illness. Nearly half of the VLBWIs were readmitted to the hospital at least once in their first 1–2 years of life, mostly as a result of respiratory diseases. The overall prevalence of cerebral palsy was 6.2%–6.6% in Korea. Bilateral blindness was reported in 0.2%–0.3% of VLBWIs, while bilateral hearing loss was found in 0.8%–1.9%. Since its establishment, the KNN has published annual reports and papers that facilitate the improvement of VLBWI outcome and the formulation of essential healthcare policies in Korea.

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