Hispanic Immigrant Entrepreneurs in the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area: Motivations for Entry into and Outcomes of Self-Employment

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S. Shinnar ◽  
Cheri A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Las Vegas ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs

scholarly journals Settlement Patterns of Korean Immigrants in the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area (DMA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Chungshik Kang
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Korean Immigrants ◽  
Employment Rate ◽  
Ethnic Economy ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Income Data ◽  
Census Metropolitan Area ◽  
High Level ◽  
Transnational Activities

This paper focuses on settlement patterns of Korean immigrants in the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) highlighting their high self-employment rate and active transnational activities. The objectives for the paper are to explore various causes of a high level of self-employment rate among Korean immigrants, and to examine settlement patterns of Korean immigrants in the Toronto CMA by reviewing their immigration data, employment income and self-employment income data, residential locations, ethnic economy and human capital, and to understand how their active transnational activities combined with the factors listed above affected their settlement and integration experiences in Canada as they are inter-connected with various social and economic fabrics of the Korean community in the Toronto CMA.

Non-farm proprietorship employment by US metropolitan area

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Graham Debbage ◽  
Shaylee Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
The Us ◽  
Home Value ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Bureau Of Labor Statistics ◽  
Employment Data

Purpose The entrepreneurial process is a result of an interaction between an individual entrepreneur and the surrounding entrepreneurial ecosystem. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether US metropolitan areas with disproportionately high shares of entrepreneurs are systematically linked to particular attributes of the entrepreneurial support system? Design/methodology/approach In this paper, non-farm proprietorship (NFP) employment data from the US Bureau of Economic Analysis is used as a dependent variable proxy for entrepreneurship. NFP data are widely used in the entrepreneurship literature. Data on all independent variables were obtained from the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey and the Bureau of Labor Statistics by metropolitan area and subject to a stepwise linear regression analysis. Findings The relative share of NFP employment by metropolitan area exhibited a strong positive relationship with percentage of employment in finance, insurance and real estate, median age, percentage of Hispanic population and median home value. It is argued that the combination of significant predictors captures both out-of-necessity self-employment (e.g. low-skilled Hispanic and aging populations) and a self-employment of opportunity (e.g. access to capital). Practical implications Public policies focused on nurturing entrepreneurial ecosystems must account for these divergent explanatory frameworks when attempting to encourage NFP employment. Originality/value The paper has an explicit spatial context that tends to be overlooked in the traditional entrepreneurship literature. The focus on out-of-necessity versus opportunity-based entrepreneurship, and how it is shaped by some key predictors at the metropolitan scale, is a relatively new angle.

scholarly journals Analysis of Self-Reported Walking for Transit in a Sprawling Urban Metropolitan Area in the Western U.S.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Coughenour ◽  
Hanns de la Fuente-Mella ◽  
Alexander Paz
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Las Vegas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Poisson Model ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Single Entry ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Design Characteristics

Walkability is associated with increased levels of physical activity and improved health and sustainability. The sprawling design of many metropolitan areas of the western U.S., such as Las Vegas, influences their walkability. The purpose of this study was to consider sprawl characteristics along with well-known correlates of walkability to determine what factors influence self-reported minutes of active transportation. Residents from four neighborhoods in the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, targeted for their high and low walkability scores, were surveyed for their perceptions of street-connectivity, residential-density, land-use mix, and retail–floor-area ratio and sprawl characteristics including distance between crosswalks, single-entry-communities, high-speed streets, shade, and access to transit. A Poisson model provided the best estimates for minutes of active transportation and explained 11.28% of the variance. The model that included sprawl characteristics resulted in a better estimate of minutes of active transportation compared to the model without them. The results indicate that increasing walkability in urban areas such as Las Vegas requires an explicit consideration of its sprawl characteristics. Not taking such design characteristics into account may result in the underestimation of the influence of sprawl on active transportation and may result in a missed opportunity to increase walking. Understanding the correlates of walkability at the local level is important in successfully promoting walking as a means to increase active transportation and improve community health and sustainability.

Methodology for Evaluating the Safety of Midblock Pedestrian Crossings

2003 ◽  
Vol 1828 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhong Cui ◽  
Shashi S. Nambisan
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Las Vegas ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes ◽  
General Statistical ◽  
And Gender

Spatial and temporal characteristics of midblock pedestrian crashes (MBPCs) were evaluated toward a better understanding of where and when the MBPCs occur. Existing databases related to traffic crashes were used. Other data used include traffic and geometric characteristics of the roadways under consideration as well as analyses of pedestrian and driver behaviors. General statistical analysis methods were used to evaluate various hypotheses. The statistical Z-test was used to evaluate the age and gender distribution, light condition, fatalities, and alcohol- or drug-use–related characteristics involved in MBPCs. The results correlated these factors with the potential for the occurrence of MBPCs. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used as a nonparametric test to compare the safety of midblock crossings with the safety of crossings at intersections. The methodology was tested and validated using midblock locations in the Las Vegas metropolitan area. The results indicate that there is a significantly lower potential for conflict if pedestrians cross at an intersection instead of crossing at a midblock location. Although this methodology was applied to data from the Las Vegas metropolitan area, it is applicable to evaluating the safety of MBPC anywhere else, provided that appropriate data are available.

Immigrant Entrepreneurs in 272 SMSAs

1987 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Light ◽  
Angel A. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Employment Rate ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Decrease Rate ◽  
Civilian Labor Force ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
The U.S

Utilizing data collected from the 1980 public-use sample of the U.S. Census, we examine the effect of percentage foreign born in the labor force upon aggregate self-employment rate in 272 SMSAs. Because mean self-employment among the foreign born was higher than among the native born, an increased percentage in the foreign born in a SMSA labor force caused increased aggregate self-employment. Also, as a result of renewed immigration during the 1970s, and the resulting increase in the foreign-born component of the civilian labor force, nonfarm self-employment in the United States increased about 3% above what would have been expected from a comparable “influx” of native-born workers. Depending on which method of estimation one selects, this immigration-prompted increase explains from 16% to 52% of the decade's total increase in nonfarm self-employment, a surprising reversal of nearly 10 decades of uninterrupted decrease. Rate of self-employment among immigrants had no effect upon the rate of or returns to self-employment of native-born workers in general or native blacks in particular.

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