Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus to Reduce Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality: A Review of the Evidence

Introduction: Microalbuminuria appears to be the earliest sign and predictor of the subsequent diabetic renal disease and is a marker of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is also a predictor of morbidity and mortality in patients who do not have evidence of significant renal disease Objective: To evaluate the association of microalbuminuria in type 2 DM with cardiovascular diseases and to correlate microalbuminuria with age of onset in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Method: A hospital based observational study was carried out in the Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College & Hospital,Dhaka, from January 2014 to November 2014. A total of 100 patients diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus according to American Diabetic Association guideline were included in this study. Association of microalbuminuria with cardiovascular diseases was determined by statistical analysis and regression analysis. Results: The majority (40.0%) of patients were in 5th decade and the mean (±SD) age was 57.17±11.2 years. According to BMI it is observed that majority of patients were obese in both groups, where male 66.0% and female 75.5%.The occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients is increasing with duration of DM, where 61.9% found in newly diagnosed DM. It was observed that 38(38.0%) patients had normoalbuminuria (<30 mg/gm), their mean ACR was 17.6±8.1 mg/gm and 62(62.0%) patients had microalbuminuria (30-300 mg/gm), their mean ACR was 158.7±88.3 mg/gm. Microalbuminuria was found 53(67.1%) and 9(42.9%) patients with cardiovascular diseases and without cardiovascular diseases respectively. Occurrence of microalbuminuia was found significantly higher (p<0.05) in type 2 DM patients with cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion:Microalbuminuria is found strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and there is 2.72 times more chance of developing cardiovascular diseases. J MEDICINE JUL 2020; 21 (2) : 76-81

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Hypertensive pregnancy disorders and subsequent cardiovascular morbidity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the mother.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1161069.621533 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Nanette Wenger

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity ◽

Hypertensive Pregnancy ◽

Pregnancy Disorders

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Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders and Subsequent Cardiovascular Morbidity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Mother

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.130765 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 944-951 ◽

Cited By ~ 364

Author(s):

Jacob A. Lykke ◽

Jens Langhoff-Roos ◽

Baha M. Sibai ◽

Edmund F. Funai ◽

Elizabeth W. Triche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity ◽

Hypertensive Pregnancy ◽

Pregnancy Disorders

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The result of treadmill test in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20172508 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 166 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anil Shrinivasrao Joshi ◽

Chandrakant Gunaji Lahane ◽

Akshay Arvind Kashid

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Early Detection ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Background: To study the prevalence of silent myocardial ischaemia in asymptomatic patients with type 2 DM.Methods: The present study was conducted in the Govt. Medical College and Hospital Aurangabad. During December 2012 to November 2014 with 50 patients. It was two year cross sectional study with the patients of asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus without clinical and electrocardiographic evidence of coronary artery disease. Results: 12 (24%) out of 50 subjects had positive TMT. It correlated with years of duration of diabetes (9 positive TMT cases with duration of diabetes more than 10 years). 5 (25%) out of 20 had serum cholesterol levels >240, Number of positive TMT were higher in patients with LDL >160 [5 (25%) out of 20].Conclusions: Diabetic patients are at very high risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Early detection of IHD is very important so that pharmacological therapy, which may improve outcome, can be established. Tread mill exercise TMT being a non-invasive test with high safety, has an important role in early detection of IHD. It is recommended that TMT should be a part of routine management in asymptomatic patients with type II DM.

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