scholarly journals Nitrification exhibits Haldane kinetics in an agricultural soil treated with ammonium sulfate or dairy-waste compost

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa E. Koper ◽  
John M. Stark ◽  
Mussie Y. Habteselassie ◽  
Jeanette M. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Dairy Waste

scholarly journals Biostimulation of Microbial Communities from Malaysian Agricultural Soil for Detoxification of Metanil Yellow Dye; a Response Surface Methodological Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Fatin Natasha Amira Muliadi ◽  
Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi ◽  
Samsuri Bin Abdul Wahid ◽  
Siti Salwa Abd Gani ◽  
Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Dye Decolorization ◽  
Mixed Bacterial Culture ◽  
Metanil Yellow

In the present study, a mixed culture from a local agricultural soil sample was isolated for Metanil Yellow (MY) dye decolorization. The metagenomic analysis confirmed that 42.6% has been dominated by genus Bacillus, while Acinetobacter (14.0%) is present in the microbial communities of the mixed culture. For fungi diversity analysis, around 97.0% was “unclassified” fungi and 3% was Candida. The preliminary investigation in minimal salt media (MSM) showed that 100% decolorization was achieved after 24 h of incubation. Response surface methodology (RSM) was successfully applied using Box-Behnken design (BBD) to study the effect of four independent parameters—MY dye concentration, glucose concentration, ammonium sulfate concentration, and pH—on MY dye decolorization by the mixed bacterial culture. The optimal conditions predicted by the desirability function were 73 mg/L of MY, 1.934% glucose, 0.433 g/L of ammonium sulfate, and a pH of 7.097, with 97.551% decolorization The correlation coefficients (R2 and R2 adj) of 0.913 and 0.825 indicate that the established model is suitable to predict the effectiveness of dye decolorization under the investigated condition. The MY decolorization of the mixed bacterial culture was not affected by the addition of heavy metals in the growth media. Among the 10 heavy metals tested, only copper gave 56.19% MY decolorization, whereas the others gave almost 100% decolorization. The decolorization potential of the mixed bacterial culture indicates that it could be effective for future bioremediation of soil-contaminated sites and treatment solutions of water bodies polluted with the MY dye.

Gross Nitrogen Transformations in an Agricultural Soil after Repeated Dairy-Waste Application

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1338-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mussie Y. Habteselassie ◽  
John M. Stark ◽  
Bruce E. Miller ◽  
Seth G. Thacker ◽  
Jeanette M. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Transformations ◽  
Dairy Waste

scholarly journals Nitrification and Autotrophic Nitrifying Bacteria in a Hydrocarbon-Polluted Soil

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 4008-4013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Deni ◽  
Michel J. Penninckx
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Production

ABSTRACT In vitro ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are capable of oxidizing hydrocarbons incompletely. This transformation is accompanied by competitive inhibition of ammonia monooxygenase, the first key enzyme in nitrification. The effect of hydrocarbon pollution on soil nitrification was examined in situ. In a microcosm study, adding diesel fuel hydrocarbon to an uncontaminated soil (agricultural unfertilized soil) treated with ammonium sulfate dramatically reduced the amount of KCl-extractable nitrate but stimulated ammonium consumption. In a soil with long history of pollution that was treated with ammonium sulfate, 90% of the ammonium was transformed into nitrate after 3 weeks of incubation. Nitrate production was twofold higher in the contaminated soil than in the agricultural soil to which hydrocarbon was not added. To assess if ammonia-oxidizing bacteria acquired resistance to inhibition by hydrocarbon, the contaminated soil was reexposed to diesel fuel. Ammonium consumption was not affected, but nitrate production was 30% lower than nitrate production in the absence of hydrocarbon. The apparent reduction in nitrification resulted from immobilization of ammonium by hydrocarbon-stimulated microbial activity. These results indicated that the hydrocarbon inhibited nitrification in the noncontaminated soil (agricultural soil) and that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the polluted soil acquired resistance to inhibition by the hydrocarbon, possibly by increasing the affinity of nitrifying bacteria for ammonium in the soil.

scholarly journals Applications of Gypsum and Ammonium Sulfate Change Soil Chemical Properties of a Salt-Affected Agricultural Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Guilherme Bossi Buck ◽  
Gustavo Franco de Castro ◽  
Edson Marcio Mattiello ◽  
Lincoln Zotarelli
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Soil Conditions

Irrigation water with high electrical conductivity (EC) compromises the sustainability of agricultural soils. Calcium sulfate (CS) or gypsum is commonly used on removal of soluble ions such as sodium (Na), however, large applications of CS can affect soil pH, EC, and nutrient availability to plants. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of CS and ammonium sulfate (AS) rates on the soil pH, EC, and exchangeable cations in a salt-affected agricultural soil. Samples from the 0-20 cm soil depth layer were collected from an agricultural soil reported to have low potato yield due to high EC irrigation water. Soil was incubated with rates ranging from 0 to 4000 kg ha-1 of CS and 0 to 600 kg ha-1 of nitrogen (N) using AS. The treated soil was incubated for 60 d at 25 ºC and moisture was maintained at 60% of soil field capacity. After incubation, the soil was analyzed for pH, EC, Na, manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn). Increasing rates of CS resulted in a small decrease in soil pH and a significant linear increase in soil EC, while the application of AS linearly reduced the soil pH and quadratically increased soil EC. The application rate of 200 kg ha-1 of N as AS resulted in a decrease of soil pH from 5.9 to 5.2, while the EC increased from 1.3 to 3.0 dS m-1. Extractable Na increased linearly with the application of AS due to its effect on the soil pH. The soil extractable Mn and Zn were not affected by the application of CS. Applications of AS resulted in a linear increase in soil extractable Mn and Zn concentrations, respectively. Results from this incubation study suggest that the use of large rates of CS for consecutive years may further impair soil conditions for cropping in areas with high EC in the irrigation water.

The Coagulation Abnormalities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gonyea ◽  
R Herdman ◽  
R. A Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Species Specificity ◽  
Sensitive Assay ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Coagulation Abnormalities

SummaryAn anticoagulant occurring in 4 of 6 patients with SLE has been demonstrated by a sensitive assay utilizing an ammonium sulfate fraction of serum. The anticoagulant functions as an inhibitor of the activation of prothrombin. No species specificity was demonstrable. The inhibitor behaves clinically and chromatographically as an immunoglobulin, although an attempt to demonstrate directly the antibody nature of the inhibitor was not successful.A severe, apparently independent, decrease in the level of prothrombin was observed in the patient with hemorrhagic symptoms. In contrast to the anticoagulant activity, the low prothrombin has persisted during treatment.

Extraction and Partial Purification of Protease from Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Normah Ismail ◽  
Nur' Ain Mohamad Kharoe
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Molecular Weight Distribution ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation

Unripe and ripe bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) were ground and the extracted juices were partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation at the concentrations of 40 and 60% (w/v). The collected proteases were analysed for pH, temperature stability, storage stability, molecular weight distribution, protein concentration and protein content. Protein content of bilimbi fruit was 0.89 g. Protease activity of both the unripe and ripe fruit were optimum at pH 4 and 40°C when the juice were purified at 40 and 60% ammonium sulfate precipitation. A decreased in protease activity was observed during the seven days of storage at 4°C. Molecular weight distribution indicated that the proteases protein bands fall between IO to 220 kDa. Protein bands were observed at 25, 50 and 160 kDa in both the unripe and ripe bilimbi proteases purified with 40% ammonium sulfate, however, the bands were more intense in those from unripe bilimbi. No protein bands were seen in proteases purified with 60% ammonium sulfate. Protein concentration was higher for proteases extracted with 40% ammonium sulfate at both ripening stages. Thus, purification using 40% ammonium sulfate precipitation could be a successful method to partially purify proteases from bilimbi especially from the unripe stage. 

Effect of Methionine and Ammonium Sulfate upon Performance of Ruminants Fed High Corn Rations

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1186-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Bolsen ◽  
Walter Woods ◽  
Terry Klopfenstein
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate
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