Inputs and transformation of allochthonous particulate organic matter in a headwater stream

Ecography ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben Moth Iversen ◽  
Jens Thorup ◽  
Jens Skriver
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Headwater Stream

scholarly journals The role of log jams and exceptional flood events in mobilizing coarse particulate organic matter in a steep headwater stream

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jochner ◽  
J. M. Turowski ◽  
A. Badoux ◽  
M. Stoffel ◽  
C. Rickli
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Headwater Stream ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Coarse Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Effective Barrier ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. Export rates of coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) from mountain catchments have been observed to strongly increase with rising discharge, but the mechanism leading to this strong relationship is unclear. Here, we show that log jams in the Erlenbach, a steep headwater stream in the Swiss Prealps, are an effective barrier for the transport of CPOM pieces, and thus become sites of storage of large quantities of material over time. Exceptional discharge events with return periods exceeding 20 years play a dual role in CPOM transport. First, they destroy existing log jams, releasing the stored material (wood and sediment). Second, they intensify channel-hillslope coupling, thereby recruiting new logs to the channel, around which new jams can form.

scholarly journals The role of log jams and exceptional flood events in mobilizing coarse particulate organic matter in a steep headwater stream

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jochner ◽  
J. M. Turowski ◽  
A. Badoux ◽  
M. Stoffel ◽  
C. Rickli
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Headwater Stream ◽  
Mountain Streams ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Coarse Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
End Member Model

Abstract. Coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) fulfills important functions in the physical and ecological system of a stream. CPOM delivery to and export from the stream has implications for the stream's morphology and sediment transport capacity as well as the energy budget and food availability. Export rates of CPOM from mountain catchments have been observed to strongly increase with rising discharge, but the mechanism leading to this strong relationship is unclear. Here, we show that log jams in the Erlenbach, a steep headwater stream in the Swiss Prealps, are an effective barrier for the transport of CPOM pieces, and thus become sites of storage of large quantities of material over time. Exceptional discharge events with return periods exceeding 20 years play a dual role in CPOM transport in the Erlenbach. First, they appear to destroy existing log jams, releasing the stored material (wood and sediment). Second, they intensify channel–hillslope coupling, thereby recruiting new logs to the channel, around which new jams can form. This allows for the formulation of a new, fully episodic end-member in a four-end-member model of CPOM dynamics of steep mountain streams based on wood delivery and export.

scholarly journals Particulate Organic Matter Dynamics in a Permafrost Headwater Stream and the Kolyma River Mainstem

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bröder ◽  
Anya Davydova ◽  
Sergey Davydov ◽  
Nikita Zimov ◽  
Negar Haghipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Headwater Stream ◽  
Organic Matter Dynamics ◽  
Kolyma River

scholarly journals Mobilization of particulate organic matter and minerals in Zackenberg valley, Greenland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bröder ◽  
Catherine Hirst ◽  
Sophie Opfergelt ◽  
Julie Lattaud ◽  
Negar Haghipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Headwater Stream ◽  
Decay Kinetics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Permafrost Thaw ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Retrogressive Thaw Slump

<p>Ongoing warming of the Northern high latitudes has intensified abrupt thaw processes throughout the permafrost zone. The resulting terrain disturbances are prone to release large amounts of particulate organic matter (OM) from deeper permafrost soils with thus far poorly constrained decay kinetics. Organo-mineral interactions may inhibit OM decomposition, thereby mediating the release of carbon to the atmosphere. Yet how these interactions evolve upon release and during transport along the fluvial continuum is still insufficiently understood. Here we investigate the mobilization of particulate OM from disturbed permafrost soils to the aquatic environment in the Zackenberg watershed in Northeastern Greenland. We collected soil samples in a thermo-erosion gully and a retrogressive thaw slump, as well as suspended solids and stream sediments along the glacio-nival Zackenberg River, including its tributaries, and a small headwater stream (Grænselv) affected by abrupt permafrost thaw. To evaluate the organic and mineral material transported, we compare mineral element and organic carbon (OC) concentrations, bulk carbon isotopes (<sup>13</sup>C and <sup>14</sup>C), together with source-specific molecular biomarkers (plant-wax lipids and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers, brGDGTs) for the suspended load with their soil and sediment counterparts.</p><p>Preliminary results show large contrasts in OC concentrations as well as Δ<sup>14</sup>C between the glacio-nival river and the headwater stream, as well as between the different thaw features. The retrogressive thaw slump mobilizes relatively OC-poor material with very low Δ<sup>14</sup>C signatures suggesting a petrogenic contribution, while soil samples from the thermo-erosion gully had higher OC concentrations and Δ<sup>14</sup>C values. For Grænselv, Δ<sup>14</sup>C values of the particulate OC were lower close to the eroding stream bank, whereas the Zackenberg main stem displayed fairly constant Δ<sup>14</sup>C values, with some of the Zackenberg tributaries delivering relatively organic-rich particles low in Δ<sup>14</sup>C.</p><p>Molecular biomarker analyses will provide additional information on specific OM sources, while X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyses on the soils, sediments and suspended mineral load will give more detailed insights into the composition of the mineral matrices. By combining these analytical methods, we aim to improve our understanding of the interactions between minerals and OM and thereby help to constrain the fate of mobilized OM upon permafrost thaw.</p>

Relating particulate organic matter-nitrogen (POM-N) and non-POM-N with pulse crop residues, residue management and cereal N uptake

Agronomie ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme D. Schwenke ◽  
Warwick L. Felton ◽  
David F. Herridge ◽  
Dil F. Khan ◽  
Mark B. Peoples
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Pulse Crop

Macrophyte-derived detritus in shallow coastal waters contributes to suspended particulate organic matter and increases growth rates of Mytilus edulis

2020 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
D Bearham ◽  
MA Vanderklift ◽  
RA Downie ◽  
DP Thomson ◽  
LA Clementson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Suspension Feeder ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Suspension Feeders ◽  
Blue Mussels ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Benthic suspension feeders, such as bivalves, potentially have several different food sources, including plankton and resuspended detritus of benthic origin. We hypothesised that suspension feeders are likely to feed on detritus if it is present. This inference would be further strengthened if there was a correlation between δ13C of suspension feeder tissue and δ13C of particulate organic matter (POM). Since detritus is characterised by high particulate organic matter (POC):chl a ratios, we would also predict a positive correlation between POM δ13C and POC:chl a. We hypothesised that increasing depth and greater distance from shore would produce a greater nutritional reliance by experimentally transplanted blue mussels Mytilus edulis on plankton rather than macrophyte-derived detritus. After deployments of 3 mo duration in 2 different years at depths from 3 to 40 m, M. edulis sizes were positively correlated with POM concentrations. POC:chl a ratios and δ13C of POM and M. edulis gill tissue decreased with increasing depth (and greater distance from shore). δ13C of POM was correlated with δ13C of M. edulis. Our results suggest that detritus comprised a large proportion of POM at shallow depths (<15 m), that M. edulis ingested and assimilated carbon in proportion to its availability in POM, and that growth of M. edulis was higher where detritus was present and POM concentrations were higher.

Hydrolysis of organic wastewater particles in laboratory scale and pilot scale biofilm reactors under anoxic and aerobic conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Janning ◽  
X. Le Tallec ◽  
P. Harremoës
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Hydrolysis and degradation of particulate organic matter has been isolated and investigated in laboratory scale and pilot scale biofilters. Wastewater was supplied to biofilm reactors in order to accumulate particulates from wastewater in the filter. When synthetic wastewater with no organic matter was supplied to the reactors, hydrolysis of the particulates was the only process occurring. Results from the laboratory scale experiments under aerobic conditions with pre-settled wastewater show that the initial removal rate is high: rV, O2 = 2.1 kg O2/(m3 d) though fast declining towards a much slower rate. A mass balance of carbon (TOC/TIC) shows that only 10% of the accumulated TOC was transformed to TIC during the 12 hour long experiment. The pilot scale hydrolysis experiment was performed in a new type of biofilm reactor - the B2A® biofilter that is characterised by a series of decreasing sized granular media (80-2.5 mm). When hydrolysis experiments were performed on the anoxic pilot biofilter with pre-screened wastewater particulates as carbon source, a rapid (rV, NO3=0.7 kg NO3-N/(m3 d)) and a slowler (rV, NO3 = 0.3 kg NO3-N/(m3 d)) removal rate were observed at an oxygen concentration of 3.5 mg O2/l. It was found that the pilot biofilter could retain significant amounts of particulate organic matter, reducing the porosity of the filter media of an average from 0.35 to 0.11. A mass balance of carbon shows that up to 40% of the total incoming TOC accumulates in the filter at high flow rates. Only up to 15% of the accumulated TOC was transformed to TIC during the 24 hour long experiment.

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