scholarly journals Plantlet ploidy and flower-bud size in tobacco anther cultures

Hereditas ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Engvild
Keyword(s):  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
Anther Cultures

Influence of radiation and CO2 enrichment on whole plant net CO2 exchange in roses

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jiao ◽  
M. J. Tsujita ◽  
B. Grodzinski
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Bud Size

At three stages of flowering shoot development, varying the irradiance and CO2 levels had a similar effect on the whole-plant net CO2 exchange rate (NCER) of Samantha rose plants. At 22 °C, the NCER was saturated at 1000 μmol m−2 s−1 photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). The duration of the light period was also important in determining daily carbon (C) gain. When roses were exposed to a constant daily radiant energy dose of 17.6 μmol m−2 provided either as a 12-h irradiation interval at 410 μmol m−2 s−1 PAR or 24 h of irradiation at 204 μmol m−2 s−1 PAR, the plants exposed to 24 h of continuous irradiation at the lower photon flux density retained 80% more C. Under saturating irradiance, the net photosynthetic rate at an enriched (1000 μL L−1) CO2 level was almost double that at ambient (350 μL L−1) CO2. However, plants grown at ambient and enriched CO2 levels had similar whole-plant NCERs when compared at the same assay CO2 level. Under CO2 enrichment the flower stem was longer and thicker but the flower bud size at harvest was not significantly different to that of roses grown at the ambient CO2 level. Key words: CO2 enrichment, daily carbon gain, net CO2 exchange rate, radiation, Rosa hybrida

scholarly journals Flowering Induction in Camellia chrysantha, a Golden Camellia Species, with Paclobutrazol and Urea

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1537-1543
Author(s):  
Xiao-Juan Wei ◽  
Jinlin Ma ◽  
Kai-Xiang Li ◽  
Xiao-Jing Liang ◽  
Haiying Liang
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Flowering Induction ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Camellia Species ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
High Concentrations

The flowers of Camellia chrysantha, commonly named as golden camellia, are treasured for their unique yellow color and are popularly used for tea. Compared with common camellia flowers that are either red, purple, pink, or white, golden camellia flowers are rare and are in high market demand. Our study was aimed to induce flowering in juvenile C. chrysantha grafted plants with urea and paclobutrazol (PBZ), a growth retardant. Generally, it takes 6–8 years for C. chrysantha seedlings and 5–6 years for grafted plants to set flower buds. With a 4 × 4 factorial design, four dosages of urea (1, 3, 5, or 8 g/plant) and four concentrations of PBZ (50, 150, 350, and 750 ppm) were tested on 4-year-old C. chrysantha grafted plants. Significant interaction between urea and PBZ was observed, and nine of the 16 combinations produced significantly more flower buds than the control, although not all flower buds could open because of abscission. High concentrations of PBZ and high dosages of urea were generally associated with severe defoliation and slow growth of basal stem diameter. When taking bud abscission into account, combinations of 150 ppm PBZ with 1 g urea and 350 ppm PBZ with 3 g urea resulted in significant flowering in juvenile C. chrysantha grafted plants without negative effects on vegetative growth and flower bud size and severe defoliation. This is the first report on flowering induction in a golden camellia species using juvenile plants. Our results suggest that application of optimized PBZ and urea doses can be a potential means for manipulation of early flowering in golden camellia species.

scholarly journals Leaf Removal and Terminal Bud Size Affect the Fruiting Habits of Cranberry

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 997-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.D. Patten ◽  
J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
Flower Bud Formation

Percentage of fruiting uprights, fruit set, number of fruit per upright, and flower bud formation of `McFarlin' and `Stevens' cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) were reduced by removal of old leaves, new leaves, or both on the upright. Results varied slightly, based on which leaves were removed, time of removal, cultivar, year, and bog site. Percentage of fruiting uprights, flowers and fruit per upright, and fruit set were higher on uprights with a terminal bud size >1 mm in diameter in September than for those <1 mm in diameter. Effects were cultivar and site dependent. Terminal bud size of `McFarlin' was negatively related to the subtending number of fruit and positively related to leaf fresh weight of the upright.

scholarly journals Isozyme and Morphological Variation in a Cornus florida L. Provenance Plantation Representing Geographically Diverse Populations

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Fernandez ◽  
Robert E. Schutzki ◽  
James F. Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cornus Florida ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
The Relationship

Starch gel electrophoresis and principal component (PC) analysis were used to determine the levels of genetic variation and the relationship between morphology and geographic origin for Cornus florida (flowering dogwood) populations in a Michigan provenance plantation. The populations are representative of the species' geographic distribution, ranging from Texas to Georgia and north to Connecticut and Michigan. Allelic variation at 11 loci encoded by 5 enzymes was very low in comparison to other plant species. On average, populations displayed 1.16 alleles per locus, 9.89% of loci polymorphic, with an observed heterozygosity value of 0.048. Genetic identify values ranged from 0.961 to 1.00 and displayed no relationship with geographic origin. While the isozyme analysis revealed little genetic variation, the PC analysis revealed a considerable amount of morphological variation. Most variation (83.3%) in leaf and flower bud morphology was explained by three PCs. Leaf characters revealed no relationship with geographic origin. However, flower bud size and number of florets decreased with changes in latitude from northern, central, and southern populations, respectively. The relationship between flower bud size and latitude suggests an adaptive response to photoperiod throughout the species' geographic range.

scholarly journals Direct embryogenesis from anther culture of hot chilli Capsicum annuum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Nguyen Tran Dong Phuong
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Direct Embryogenesis ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
Pure Lines

In Viet Nam, local varieties of chili have a distinctive aroma and pungency. However, the generation of pure lines from pollen culture in local hot chilli has been very limited reported. Therefore, this study was to relate flower bud size with microspore developmental stages and the culture media have concentration changed of growth regulator effects on the in vitro androgenesis. Flower buds were randomly collected and visually divided into three stage based on both petal and sepal size. Then anther was cultured on MS basal medium with different concentration of hormones NAA changed 0.1 - 0.7 mg/L and kinetin changed 1.0 - 3.0 mg/L, BA changed 0.5 - 1.5 mg/L. The results showed that bud flower have anthers are light violet in color, 2.5 mm long, consisted of anthers with 80 % uni-nucleate and 20 % bi-nucleate microspores were selected. In induction culture media, it was observed that MS medium with 2.0 mg/L Kinetin and 0.5 mg/L NAA gave higher embryo frequency. MS medium with 1 mg/L BA is the best medium for embryo germination and inducting shoots. And ½ MS medium for shoot elongation and rooting.

scholarly journals 324 An in Vitro Regeneration System for Mass Production of Daylily (Hemerocallis fulva L.)

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 448A-448
Author(s):  
Johnny Carter ◽  
Seema Dhir
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Explant Source ◽  
Bud Size

A plant regeneration protocol has been successfully developed to mass propagate daylilies. Experiments were conducted to determine source (BA, KN, and ZT) and concentration (0, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/L) of cytokinins and sugars (glucose, surcose, and maltose) to be used in the medium. Studies were also conducted to determine the influence of flower bud size (5, 10, 15, and 20 mm) as explant source. Based on results from these studies a protocol for propagating daylilies was developed. The procedure involved using filament explants from daylily flower buds ranging in sizes from 5 to 10 mm. The filaments when cultured on MS+BAP (3.0 mg/L)+ IAA (0.5 mg/L) medium,formed globular somatic embryos in 4 weeks. Complete plants were regenerated within a period of 6 to 7 months. Upon acclimatization, 100% of the tissue culture generated raised plants survived under greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of floral structure and flower bud quality on productivity and fruit shape in different apple cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Hansen Madail ◽  
Flávio Gilberto Herter ◽  
Gabriel Berenhauser Leite
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Floral Structure ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between floral structure and bud quality with the productivity and fruit shape of Gala, Fuji and Daiane apple cultivars under the mild winter conditions in Southern Brazil. Six different types of floral structures were characterized in field growing plants, according to their nature and bud size: spurs, short and long twigs with weak and vigorous buds. Variables related to the phenology and the productivity for these different structures were evaluated. Gala and Fuji cvs. showed earlier phenological development in the twigs, and cv. Daiane in the spurs. For the three cvs. the highest percentage of buds in each phenological phase was observed in the long twigs. The long twigs also showed the highest sprout and fruit set index, floral number per cluster, and leaf area in the three cvs., while the bud abortion was higher in the spurs than in the twigs. No difference was observed among the structures in cvs. Gala and Fuji regarding to the fruit shape. In the cv. Daiane, however, a tendency to higher length diameter ratio of the fruits produced by the long twigs was observed.

scholarly journals Anther cultures of Datura innoxia: flower bud stage and embryoid level of ploidy

Hereditas ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Engvild ◽  
Ib Linde-Laursen ◽  
A. Lundqvist
Keyword(s):  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Anther Cultures

scholarly journals Teknologi Haploid Anyelir: Studi Tahap Perkembangan Mikrospora dan Seleksi Tanaman Donor Anyelir

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Suskandari Kartikaningrum ◽  
A Purwito ◽  
G A Watimena ◽  
Budi Marwoto ◽  
D Sukma
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Growth Speed ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Isolation Techniques ◽  
Bud Size ◽  
Ornamental Crops ◽  
Major Donor ◽  
Breakthrough Innovation

Pengembangan teknologi haploidisasi merupakan salah satu terobosan yang diharapkan mampu mempercepat kebangkitan industri florikultura di Indonesia. Teknologi tersebut dapat menghasilkan tanaman homozigot murni atau tanaman haploid ganda. Tujuan penelitian ialah (1) mengetahui tahap perkembangan bunga, mikrospora, dan viabilitasnya, (2) mendapatkan medium inisiasi yang potensial untuk kultur anter atau mikrospora anyelir. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Segunung dan Laboratorium Microtechnique, Departemen Agronomi, Institut Pertanian Bogor, mulai September 2009 sampai dengan Oktober 2010. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan ialah lima genotip Dianthus chinensis. Pengamatan mikrospora dengan pengecatan menggunakan DAPI dan FDA, seleksi medium inisiasi, dan tanaman donor dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menghasilkan lima genotip D. chinensis yang memiliki kecepatan anthesis yang relatif sama, yaitu berkisar antara 14-16 hari, mempunyai ciri-ciri spesifik, yaitu adanya perubahan warna anter pada fase perkembangan kuncup bunga yang sama dan pada genotip V11, V13, dan V15 yang memiliki ukuran mikrospora bervariasi. Jumlah mikrospora per anter terbanyak ditemukan pada genotip V11, yaitu 30.400. Rasio tahap perkembangan mikrospora berubah sejalan dengan perubahan tahap perkembangan kuncup bunga dengan persentase late-uninucleate tertinggi (44,64%) pada saat kuncup bunga mencapai ukuran antara 1,31 dan 1,51 cm, dan belum ada perubahan warna anter. Viabilitas mikrospora berkisar antara 40-60% dan persentase tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh genotip V11. Fase perkembangan mikrospora T3 (ukuran kuncup 1,31-1,50 cm, warna anter putih) berpotensi untuk pengujian lebih lanjut. Medium inisiasi yang dipilih ialah medium M2 dan M5 yang akan diuji lebih lanjut. Genotip V11 ditetapkan sebagai tanaman donor utama, sedang genotip lain yang berpotensi yaitu V13 dan V15. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai langkah awal pembuatan protokol kultur anter tanaman anyelir.<br /><br /><br />The development of haploid technology is one of the breakthrough innovation to fasten the revival of floriculture industry in Indonesia. Homozygous double haploid plants can be produced through this technology. The aims of this research were to determine (1) flower development stage, microspores, and survival, (2) isolation techniques and medium having the potential for initiation of anther or microspores culture of carnation. The study was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute, Segunung, and the Microtechnique Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bogor Agricultural University, from September 2009 to October 2010. Five genotypes of Dianthus chinensis were used in this study. Periodically observations of anther morphology, DAPI and FDA staining, selection of medium, and donor plants were done in this research. The results showed that the D. chinensis genotypes tested had relatively the same growth speed of anther ranged from 14 to 16 days, special characteristics in color change of anther of the flower bud stage development of the same genotype and variation of microspore size among the genotypes V11, V13, and V15. The highest number of microspores per anther was presented in genotype V11 (30,400). The ratio of microspore developmental stage changed in line with flower bud development stage with the highest percentage of late-uninucleate (44.64%) at flower bud size between 1.31 to 1.51 cm, and there was no change in color of anther. Microspore viability ranged between 40 and 60%, and the highest percentage shown by genotype V11. Microspore development phase of  T3 (bud size 1.31-1.50 cm, white anther color) had potential for further testing. The selected initiation media were M2 and M5, which will be examined further. Genotype V11 designated as a major donor plant, while the other potential genotypes were V13 and V15. The results of this study are useful as a first step to develop anther culture protocol on carnation.<br /><br />

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document